C. Lee Giles, Kurt Bollacker, and Steve Lawrence. Citeseer: An automatic citation indexing system. In The Third ACM Conference on Digital Libraries, pp. 89--98, Pittsburgh, PA (1998).  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   ACM   TOC   Related Articles   Check

....results quickly and cheaply over the Internet. Once materials reached a certain mass, the community began to build and organize services for aggregating and augmenting this virtual scientific database. Among the most notable are CiteSeer, OpenCit, SFX, and the Open Archives Initiative (OAI) [16, 18, 3, 35, 23, 2]. Many services have addressed the issue of distributed resource discovery. To a lesser extent, researchers have focused on activating the citations embedded in most scholarly 5 documents. Our proposed service will complement existing citation linking mechanisms and address a range of user needs ....

C. L. Giles, K. Bollacker, and S. Lawrence. CiteSeer: An automatic citation indexing system. In Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Conference on Digital Libraries, pages 89--98, Pittsburgh, PA, 1998.

....structural information. Hypertext in HTML and XML Linking XML linking follows the same philosophy, and aims to bring comparable benefits to the hypertext aspects of the Web. HTML s hypertext facilities have limitations. Some have been worked around via applets, proxy servers, etc. Gibson 1998a] [Giles 1998], Hall 1996] Previous hypertext standards and systems addressed most of these limitations, cf. Moline 1990] While not a complete hypermedia specification, model, or language, the XML Linking effort seeks to provide a standard way to overcome several limitations on the Web, particularly in ....

C. Lee Giles, Kurt D. Bollacker and Steve Lawrence "CiteSeer: An Automatic Citation Indexing System" in Proceedings of ACM Digital Libraries '98, Pittsburgh, PA, 89-98, June 1998.

....e print documents [14] A typical example of institution based selfarchiving is the e Prints.org software package, it supports OAI PMH and can be harvested to form federated services. Another widely adopted self archiving is through personal or institutional web site. A service such as CiteSeer [13], retrieves research articles from, and automatically builds the bibliographic and reference data from the articles. There is no interoperability and structured model underlying CiteSeer, so the completeness of the collection is not guaranteed. The precision of search engines not aware of metadata ....

C. Lee Giles, Kurt Bollacker, and Steve Lawrence. CiteSeer: An automatic citation indexing system. In Digital Libraries 98 - The Third ACM Conference on Digital Libraries, pages 89--98, June 23--26 1998.

....performance on queries that occurred on more than one day, particularly by the improvement in P for queries which initially had no relevant search results. 5. 1 Related Work The large size and the dynamic nature of the Web has prompted many different efforts to build focused search engines [20, 27, 14]. While we too attempt to build a focused search engine at each peer, our approach is adaptive to the changing interests of the user(s) Furthermore, it tightly couples the search engine and the crawler, and is general enough that it can be applied to any topic. The idea of distributing the ....

C.L. Giles, K.D. Bollacker, and S. Lawrence. Citeseer: an automatic citation indexing system. In Proceedings of the third ACM conference on Digital libraries, 1998.

....but it is likely that the ultimate solution for 92 viewing nuggets lies in having several interfaces, both on and off the desktop. CONTRIBUTIONS NuggetMine is not overly intelligent and its intelligence is not novel. Building and navigating associative networks has been done before (e.g. 13][9][4] and most of its IR and personalization techniques are rudimentary. That said, we believe that NuggetMine demonstrates a fundamental but often overlooked IUI design principle and does so in a novel application. We designed NuggetMine using the following fundamental IUI design principle: the ....

Giles, C., Bollacker, K., Lawrence, S. (1998). CiteSeer: an Automatic Citation Indexing System. In Proceedings of 3rd ACM Conference on Digital Libraries, pp. 89-98.

....they have asked as well as the information for which they may have intended to ask. 2. Keywords information retrieval, citation analysis, reference directed indexing 3. INTRODUCTION In recent years, several digital library projects have established large repositories of scientific literature [6, 8, 9, 18, 20]. These libraries provide coverage of fields such as Medicine, Engineering, and Computer Science by means of research articles published in a variety of books, journals, and conference proceedings. People access these digital libraries using some sort of keywordbased query interface often ....

....as a means of summarizing a document when presenting query results to a user of an information retrieval system. In [10] the authors describe using the text surrounding hyperlinks to Web pages as descriptions of those pages when presenting search results to users of Lycos. Similarly, Citeseer [6], a research paper indexing and retrieval system presents results to queries with a list of citations describing each document retrieved. In this respect Rosetta is similar to Citeseer; however, Citeseer indexes documents by content using an indexing system based on the vector space model and uses ....

Giles, C. L, Bollacker, K, and Lawrence, S. CiteSeer: An Automatic Citation Indexing System. Proceedings of Digital Libraries '98 (Pittsburgh PA, June 1998). ACM Press. 89-98.

....very often is only possible based on similarity. Those approaches include special algorithms [18, 12] the application of methods known from the area of data mining and even machine learning [16] Other interesting results came from specific application areas, like for instance digital libraries [8, 14]. An overview of problems related to entity identification is given in [15] In [17] Lim et al. describe an equality based approach, include an overview of other approaches and list requirements for the entity identification process. Monge and Elkan describe an efficient algorithm that ....

C. L. Giles, K. D. Bollacker, and S. Lawrence. Citeseer: An automatic citation indexing system. In DL'98: Proceedings of the 3rd ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries, pages 89--98, 1998.

....very often is only possible based on similarity. Those approaches include special algorithms [18, the application of methods known from the area of data mining and even ma chine learning [16] Other interesting results came from specific application areas, like for instance digital libraries [8, 14]. An overview of problems related to entity identification is given in [15] In [17] Lim et al. describe an equality based approach, include an overview of other approaches and list requirements for the entity identification process. Monge and Elkan describe an efficient algorithm that ....

C. L. Giles, K. D. Bollacker, and S. Lawrence. Citeseer: An automatic citation indexing system. In DL'98: Proceedings of the 3rd ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries, pages 89--98, 1998.

....very often is only possible based on similarity. Those approaches include special algorithms [17, 11] the application of methods known from the area of data mining and even machine learning [15] Other interesting results came from specific application areas, like for instance digital libraries [7, 13]. An overview of problems related to entity identification is given in [14] In [16] Lim et al. describe an equality based approach, include an overview of other approaches and list requirements for the entity identification process. Monge and Elkan describe an efficient algorithm that ....

C. L. Giles, K. D. Bollacker, and S. Lawrence. Citeseer: An automatic citation indexing system. In DL'98: Proceedings of the 3rd ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries, pages 89--98, 1998.

....papers in the reference list are in some sense similar to each other. Therefore, an analysis of the local neighbourhood (in the graph theoretic sense) of a paper will likely lead to a good similarity metric. For access to the computer science literature we use the electronic database ResearcMdex [3]. If some scientific paper is of interest to a researcher, then any documents related to this paper are likely to be similarly useful. Citation indexes and digital libraries are interested in classifying the concept of similarity and finding cftclent methods to locate similar papers, so that they ....

....aid the researcher is his search. Several metrics have been proposed to classify similarity among scientific papers. They fall into three categories: text string distance [ 1 1] distance based on word document vectors (for example vectors of Term Frequency x Inverse Document frequency(TFlDF) [3]) and distance based on citation information about the documents. Use of citation information to compute relatedness between scientific papers has been studied previously in contexts more limited than ours. Since citations of other papers are hand picked by the authors as being related to their ....

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Steve Lawrence C. Lee Giles, Kurt D. Bollacker. Citeseer: An automatic citation indexing system. In Digital Libraries 98 - Third A CM Coafcrcacc o Digital Libraries 98, pages 89-98, '1998.

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: C.L. Giles, K. Bollacker, S. Lawrence, "CiteSeer: An Automatic Citation Indexing System", In Proceedings of the 3 rd ACM Conference on Digital Libraries (DL'98), pp 89-98, 1998.

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: C.L. Giles, K. Bollacker, S. Lawrence, "CiteSeer: An Automatic Citation Indexing System", in Proceedings of the 3

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: C.L. Giles, K. Bollacker, S. Lawrence, "CiteSeer: An Automatic Citation Indexing System", In Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Conference on Digital Libraries (DL'98), pp. 89-98, 1998.

.... E business is concemed with e zation (digitization) of business processes and encompasses areas as dissimilar as auctions, marketing and customer relationship management (CRM) Here we discuss eBizSearch, a digital library niche search engine for e business based upon the technology of CiteSeer [5,17,22]. eBizSearch is an ongoing research project at the Pennsylvania State University and is supported by the Smeal School of Business through its eBusiness Research Center. eBizSearch is an experimental niche search engine that searches the web and catalogs academic articles as well as commercially ....

....and published statistics and facts. It performs a citation analysis of all the articles collected, maintains an internal graph based on the citations these articles make and finally provides a web interface allowing users to explore this graph through various ranking schemes, just as in CiteSeer [5,8,17,22,23]. Articles available through eBizSearch can be downloaded (for fair use) without any charge and in various electronic formats. To date more than 20000 documents are available from eBizSearch. In section 2 we present the motivations that led to the creation of eBizSearch and what the intended ....

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: C.L. Giles, K. Bollacker, S. Lawrence, "CiteSeer: An Automatic Citation Indexing System", In Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Conference on Digital Libraries (DL'98), pp 89-98, 1998.

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C. Lee Giles, Kurt Bollacker, and Steve Lawrence. Citeseer: An automatic citation indexing system. In The Third ACM Conference on Digital Libraries, pp. 89--98, Pittsburgh, PA (1998).

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Lee, C. Giles, Kurt D. Bollacker and Steve Lawrence, 1998. CiteSeer: An Automatic Citation Indexing System. In proceeding of the third ACM conference on digital libraries.

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C. L. Giles, K. Bollacker, and S. Lawrence. CiteSeer: An automatic citation indexing system. Proc. 3rd ACM Conf. on Digital Libraries, pages 89--98, June 23--26 1998.

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C. L. Giles, K. D. Bollacker, and S. Lawrence. Citeseer: an automatic citation indexing system. In Proceedings of the third ACM conference on Digital libraries, pages 89--98. ACM Press, 1998.

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C.L. Giles, K.D. Bollacker, and S. Lawrence. Citeseer: an automatic citation indexing system. In Proceedings of the third ACM conference on Digital libraries, 1998.

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Giles, C. L., Bollacker, K. D. and Lawrence, S. (1998). CiteSeer: An Automatic Citation Indexing System, in I. Witten, R. Akscyn and F. M. Shipman III [Eds.], Third ACM Conference on Digital Libraries, ACM Press, New York, pp. 89--98, ISBN0-8979-1965-3. URL: http://www.neci.nj.nec.com/homepages/lawrence/papers/cs-dl98/cs-dl98letter. pdf [2000-12-15]

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C.L. Giles, K.D. Bollacker, and S. Lawrence. Citeseer: an automatic citation indexing system. In Proceedings of the third ACM conference on Digital libraries, 1998.

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C.L. Giles, K.D. Bollacker, and S. Lawrence. Citeseer: an automatic citation indexing system. In Proceedings of the third ACM conference on Digital libraries, 1998.

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C. L. Giles, K. D. Bollacker, and S. Lawrence. Citeseer: An automatic citation indexing system. In Proc. Intl. Conf. Digital Libraries, pages 89--98, 1998.

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C. L. Giles, K. Bollacker, and S. Lawrence. CiteSeer: An automatic citation indexing system. In Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Conference on Digital Libraries, pages 89--98, Pittsburgh, PA, 1998.

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C. Lee Giles, Kurt Bollacker, and Steve Lawrence. Citeseer: An automatic citation indexing system. In The Third ACM Conference on Digital Libraries, pp. 89--98, Pittsburgh, PA (1998).

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