A. Saulnier, M.-L. Viaud, and D. Geldreich. Real-time facial analysis and synthesis chain. pages 86--91, 1995.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....tens of thousands of video frames segmented in hundreds of separate video files, we found these methods inadequate for our application because it would require too often a manual intervention. A bottom up, model based system to locate individual facial parts has been proposed by Saulnier et al. [30]. This system shares many aspects of the first analysis phase of our approach. However, we refine measurements obtained by the first phase using matched filter techniques. An earlier version of the present system has been described in [11] III. HEAD MODEL A key problem with sample based ....

A. Saulnier, M. L. Viaud, and D. Geldreich, "Real-time facial analysis and synthesis chain," in Proc Int. Conf. on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, 1995, pp. 86--91.

....then determined from these normal vectors. Even if the human face moves, the detailed facial shapes such as the wrinkles on a face are extracted by Lighting Switch Photometry. Azarbayejani et al. 5] use an extended Kalman filter to recover the rigid motion parameters of a head. Saulnier et al. [113] report a template based method for tracking and animation. Li et al. 64] use the Candid model for 3D motion estimation for model based image coding. Masse et al. 73] use optical flow and principal direction analysis for automatic lip reading. 12. Mouth Animation Among the regions of the face, ....

A. Saulnier, M. L. Viaud, D. Geldreich, Real-time facial analysis and synthesis chain. In International Workshop on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, 1995, pp. 86--91, Zurich, Switzerland, Editor, M. Bichsel

....full set of hand drawn images used by our system. To drive 3D models, geometric model parameters must be recovered. In particular, facial features are tracked in the incoming images and then used to drive the movements of the 3D models, which are rendered with well established graphics techniques [2, 12, 51]. Although facial features can be tracked by motion capture techniques to produce performance driven animation systems [59, 42] systems requiring special markers or devices are unlikely to be adopted by the casual user. Using vision based techniques, facial features can be tracked ....

A. Saulnier, M.-L. Viaud, and D. Geldreich. Real-time facial analysis and synthesis chain. In Proc. Int'l Conf. on Autom. Face and Gesture Recog., pages 86--91, 1995.

....between features. The combination of all these error estimation and recovery mechanisms that run in parallel and at frame rate result in robust feature tracking. Other systems reported in the literature do not address the problem of feature position initialisation and error detection and recovery [1, 3, 7, 16, 17]. Usually references to other work on face localisation in single images are made [6] If the face localisation algorithms were reliable and had real time capabilities then there would be no need for other face tracking systems We believe that a robust real time system should be a single stage ....

....system should be a single stage tracker and, therefore it should incorporate initialisation, error detection and feature recovery capabilities. 4. Pose estimation The estimation of the pose of the head is a basic functionality of visual face trackers and has been investigated by many researchers [1, 7, 16, 17]. In most systems the pose estimation is done in a step after the feature tracking. In our system (see Figure 1) there is a 2 D model layer located in between the hardware feature tracking and estimate of the 3 D pose. Two different transformations may be used for pose estimation from monocular ....

A. Saulnier, M.-L. Viaud, and D. Geldreich. Real-time facial analysis and synthesis chain. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Automatic Face- and Gesture Recognition 95, pages 86--91, 1995.

....door to many applications ranging from the control of machines to helping hands . The crucial aspect of a gesture interface is not only realtime performance, but also the ablity to operate robustly in difficult real world environments. Work on real time face tracking has been recently reported [1 4]. Controlling a clone at 10Hz in virtual reality is described by Saulier et al. 1] Specialized filters are used to extract the location of the facial features and the facial expression. This system requires cosmetic makeup to enhance the facial contrast. This is an undesirable restriction. The ....

....The crucial aspect of a gesture interface is not only realtime performance, but also the ablity to operate robustly in difficult real world environments. Work on real time face tracking has been recently reported [1 4] Controlling a clone at 10Hz in virtual reality is described by Saulier et al. [1]. Specialized filters are used to extract the location of the facial features and the facial expression. This system requires cosmetic makeup to enhance the facial contrast. This is an undesirable restriction. The detection of human body poses with a stereo camera system is described by Gavrila et ....

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A. Saulier, M.-L. Viaud and D. Geldreich, "RealTime Facial Analysis and Synthesis Chain", Proceedings of the International Workshop on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition pp. 86-91, 1995.

....of geometric constraints by 3 D pose estimation. 5 3 D Pose estimation The estimation of the pose of the head is a basic functionality of visual face trackers and has been investigated by many researchers [ Azarbayejani et al. 1993; Gee and Cipolla, 1996; Maurer and von der Malsburg, 1996; Saulnier et al. 1995 ] In most systems the pose estimation is done in the next layer above the feature tracking layer. In our system (see Figure 3) there is a 2 D layer located in between hardware feature tracking and 3 D pose estimation. As stated in the previous section this layer has the purpose of increasing ....

A. Saulnier, M.-L. Viaud, and D. Geldreich. Real-time facial analysis and synthesis chain. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Automatic Face- and Gesture Recognition 95, pages 86--91, 1995.

....The filters are implemented as small programs that classify pixels, e.g. belonging to the iris or to the eyeball or to the eyelid of an eye. The classifier usually uses heuristics or probabilistic techniques. A system controlling a clone in virtual reality using this approach is reported by [ Saulnier et al. 1995 ] To improve the reliability of pixel classification contrast enhancing makeup has to be used and the system only runs at 10Hz. Since the system does not exploit facial geometries the face tracking can fail when features are temporarily occluded. A system running theoretically at 100Hz is ....

....is high and makes the approach unsuitable to real time applications. Reliable and rapid tracking of the face gives rise to ability to recognise facial gestures. This should not be confused with work being done to understand facial expressions [ Darrel and Pentland, 1995; Black and Yacoob, 1995; Saulnier et al. 1995 ] The work described in [ Darrel and Pentland, 1995 ] is concerned with the classification of the expression into states such as happiness, anger, fear, sadness or disgust. The system uses nearest neighbour matching to a set of templates to classify the expression state. Templates can be ....

A. Saulnier, M.-L. Viaud, and D. Geldreich. Real-time facial analysis and synthesis chain. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Automatic Face- and Gesture Recognition 95, pages 86--91, 1995.

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A. Saulnier, M.-L. Viaud, and D. Geldreich. Real-time facial analysis and synthesis chain. pages 86--91, 1995.

No context found.

A. Saulnier, M. L. Viaud, and D. Geldreich. Real-time Facial Analysis and Synthesis Chain. In M. Bichsel, editor, International Workshop on Automatic Face and Gesture Recogntion, pages 86-- 91, Zurich, Switzerland, 1995.

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