| J. Hsu, Z. Pizlo, C. F. Babbs, D. M. Chelberg, and E. J. Delp, "Design of studies to test the effectiveness of stereo imaging / Truth or Dare: Is stereo viewing really better?," Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Stereoscopic Displays and Applications V, vol. 2177A, Feburary 1994. |
....for. A tone is sounded if the image that has just been rated contains an abnormality. In each session, subjects evaluate 60 images, with the knowledge that exactly half of the images contained abnormalities. For details of various issues to be addressed when designing such experiments, see [11, 12]. Data Analysis Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis has been accepted as the most rigorous and objective means of comparing diagnostic imaging modalities in radiology. In mammography related research, ROC analysis has been used to characterize the accuracy of mammography, to compare ....
J. Hsu, Z. Pizlo, C. F. Babbs, D. M. Chelberg, and E. J. Delp. Design of studies to test the effectiveness of stereo imaging / Truth or Dare: Is stereo viewing really better? In Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Stereoscopic Displays and Applications V, volume 2177A, Feburary 1994.
....improving the detection of abnormalities in x ray images, we have conducted a systematic receiver operating characteristic (ROC) study. Our results show that stereo viewing increases the sensitivity and specificity of observers performance in detecting shape abnormalities in radiographic images [22, 23, 24]. Viewing of fused stereo pairs could therefore provide physicians with 3D information similar to that obtained from CT or MRI, but at a substantially lower radiation dosage and or cost. To obtain stereoscopic x ray images, a simple modification to a conventional fluoroscopic system is required. ....
J. Hsu, Z. Pizlo, C. F. Babbs, D. M. Chelberg, and E. J. Delp, "Design of studies to test the effectiveness of stereo imaging / Truth or Dare: Is stereo viewing really better?," Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Stereoscopic Displays and Applications V, vol. 2177A, Feburary 1994.
....(HCI) specialists. Previous research on usability of VEs is usually presented as the lessons learned of particular studies or applications (Stoakley et al. 1995) specific interaction techniques (Bowman and Hodges, 1997; Mapes and Moshell, 1995) or technical assessment of specific VE hardware (Hsu et al. 1994; Meyer et al. 1992) More recently, there has been progress in documenting usability experiences and formulating general design suggestions (Stuart, 1996; Hinckley et al. 1994; Fairchild et al. 1993) In some cases, one can infer usability Published in VWSIM 99 Proceedings. San Francisco, ....
Hsu, J., Pizlo, Z., Babbs, C. F., Chelberg, D. M., and Delp, E. J. (1994). Design of studies to test the effectiveness of stereo imaging --- truth or dare: Is stereo viewing really better? SPIE, 2177:211--220.
....feedback can also be provided since the state (normal abnormal) of every image is known. Figure 5 shows two sample simulated mammograms. The left image is a test pattern that has been used in ROC studies to compare observer performances when using stereoscopic versus monoscopic displays [25, 26, 27]. The right image shows a more realistic simulated mammogram. It is generated by using approximately 1000 spheres as compared to less than 100 spheres used in the left image. As the images clearly illustrate, more primitives can be used when images of higher complexity are required. 4.3 ....
J. Hsu, Z. Pizlo, C. F. Babbs, D. M. Chelberg, and E. J. Delp, "Design of studies to test the effectiveness of stereo imaging / Truth or Dare: Is stereo viewing really better?," Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Stereoscopic Displays and Applications V, vol. 2177A, Feburary 1994.
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J. Hsu, Z. Pizlo, C. Babbs, D. Chelberg, and E. Delp, "Design of studies to test the effectiveness of stereo imaging, truth of dare: is stereo viewing really better?," in Proc. SPIE 1994, vol. 2177, pp. 211--220, 1994.
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