| William Noah Schilit. A System Architecture for Context-Aware Mobile Computing. PhD thesis, Columbia University, May 1995. |
.... of everyday users, and services are readily available to users anywhere they go at any time [50] In contrast to the traditional computing paradigm, in which the computing environment is often static and well defined, in Ubiquitous Computing, however, the underlying environment is open and dynamic [44, 50]. Because of these characteristics, building context aware systems to operate in a Ubiquitious Computing environment will be costly and di#cult. In order to develop successful context aware systems, we must develop an architecture to reduce the di#culty and cost of building these systems. In this ....
....the device, then the device will automatically active the voice memo application. When the sensors detect the user is holding the device in a landscape orientation as oppose to portrait, the device will automatically reformats the display to suit the current viewing orientation. Schilit et al. [44, 43], Rekimoto [41] Harrison et al. 26] also have develop similar approaches to enhance the user interfaces on mobile devices. Schmidt et al. 45] describe a cell phone that combines tilt, light, head, and other sensors to sense the context of the device such as sitting on a table, in a briefcase, ....
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William Noah Schilit. A System Architecture for Context-Aware Mobile Computing. PhD thesis, Columbia University, 1995.
....http: www.versustech.com 6 Related work Many have studied context aware applications and their support systems. In Xerox Parc s distributed architecture each user s agent collects context (location) about that user, and decides to whom the context can be delivered based on that user s policy [31, 34]. AT T Laboratories at Cambridge built a dense network of location sensors to maintain a world model shared between users and applications [17] Location context can be used to select onthe spot information for tourist guide applications [1, 11] HP s Cooltown project adds Web context to the ....
W. N. Schilit. A System Architecture for Context-Aware Mobile Computing. PhD thesis, Columbia University, May 1995.
....systems As in smart spaces, context aware applications adapt their behaviors to their context, as obtained from per12 vasive information sources. In many systems, a monolithic module transforms the raw sensor information into high level context, which is then available to applications [34, 36]. They provide no support for applications to derive new refined information, in ways that were not expected by the information providers. The Context Toolkit [13] is a distributed system that encapsulates each sensor as a widget with a service component. Applications may subscribe to sensor data ....
William Noah Schilit. A System Architecture for Context-Aware Mobile Computing. PhD thesis, Columbia University, May 1995.
....abstraction. 5 Related work Many have studied context aware applications and their supporting systems. In Xerox Parc s distributed architecture each user s agent collects context (location) about that user, and decides to whom the context can be deliv ered based on that user s policy [16, 17]. A few projects specifically address the flexibility and scalability of context aggregation and dissemination. Like Solar, the Context Toolkit is a distributed architecture supporting context fusion and delivery [5] It uses a widget 1 See http: www. cs.dartmouth.edu solar for more ....
William Noah Schilit. A System Architecture for Context-Aware Mobile Computing. PhD thesis, Columbia University, May 1995.
....to study the implications of mobility on the design of supporting software, especially in the context of ad hoc mobility. Next we turn our attention to related work in context aware computing, mobile computing and ad hoc networking. 5. 1 Supporting Context Aware Computing Schilit, et al. [41, 42] proposed a system architecture to support location based context aware computing. The architecture is composed of three types of dynamic environment servers: user agents, device agents, and active maps. Each user agent encapsulates the information about a user; each device agent monitors and ....
....user; each device agent monitors and managers a device; and the active map stores public information about a geographic region and serves as a location oriented directory service. The active map service allows queries and subscriptions for six types of questions regarding the location of an object [42]. One drawback of the region based active map service, as pointed out by Schilit himself, is that clients need to manage the hando# between regions themselves. In our view, the concept of fixed regional server is a good abstraction mostly for nomadic mobile computing. Dey, et al. 15] proposed a ....
William Noah Schilit. A System Architecture for Context-Aware Mobile Computing. PhD thesis, Columbia University, New York, 1995.
....is in the first items close to the one given by Dey [18] Compared to Dey, we try to be more concrete when using the term relevance by distinguish between an entity being relevant or an aspect being relevant. The definitions above differ from most other definitions of context (e.g. 18] 19] [20]) by introducing the terminology of an aspect. Think of an aspect primarily as an axis of discrete or continous values, where a concrete context information is an instance of that aspect, where the state of an entity is characterized softly by one or more elements of the allowed value range. For ....
W. N. Schilit, A System Architecture for Context-Aware Mobile Computing. PhD thesis, Columbia University, 1995.
....actively participating in the relationships with other objects. Therefore, an interface for representation of the software system in the interactions with other objects is required. The software system can generates information that might be actively sensed by other objects. Based on Schilits [SCH95] dynamic environment object definition, as an unspecified collection of data, we also use the term entity to describe an unspecified collection of attributes. A context information entity is an unspecified collection of context information attributes, possibly describing every aspect of a real ....
W. N. SCHILIT, A System Architecture for Context Aware Mobile Computing, PhD-thesis Columbia University 1995.
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William Noah Schilit. A System Architecture for Context-Aware Mobile Computing. PhD thesis, Columbia University, May 1995.
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W. N. Schilit. A System Architecture for Context-Aware Mobile Computing. PhD thesis, Columbia University, May 1995.
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Schilit, W.N., System architecture for context-aware mobile computing, Ph.D. Thesis, Columbia University, May 1995.
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