| P. S. L. M. Barreto, H. Y. Kim, and V. Rijmen, "Toward a secure publickey blockwise fragile authentication watermarking," in IEEE ICIP2001. |
....failed: therefore by rejecting this case, our hybrid approach is resistant to copy attack. 3 SECURITY OF FRAGILE WATERMARK It has been noticed that schemes based on the hashing of independantblocks likeWong s scheme were vulnerage to various tampering attacks such as substitutions attacks [5]. Suchattacks are mainly made possible first due to the independance of blocks, and secondly as a result of the anniversary paradox affecting hash functions used as signatures. An attack based on this paradox uses the fact that for hash codes of n bits, the probabilitythattwo different blocks ....
....are gathered: therefore for hash codes of 64 bits, only 2 32 block samples are needed to obtain a collision# the availability of large databases of images protected with the same key would makethisattack realistic. Among solutions proposed to fix these security problems, the main ones consists in [5]: using hash codes of 128 bits or more to defeat the anniversary attack# making hash codes embedded into one block also dependent from neighbouring blocks, or using overlapping blocks as input of hashcodes and smaller non overlapping blocks for embedding these codes# using non deterministic ....
Hae Yong Kim Paulo S. L. M. Barreto and Vincent Rijmen. Toward a secure public-key blockwise fragile authentication watermarking. In In IEEE ICIP2001.
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P. S. L. M. Barreto, H. Y. Kim, and V. Rijmen, "Toward a secure publickey blockwise fragile authentication watermarking," in IEEE ICIP2001.
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