| Nancy Leveson. Safeware - System, Safety and Computers. Addison Wesley, 1995. |
....with the technology, and all relevant aspects of the surrounding organisation and society. The main result of the CORAS project is the CORAS framework. This framework is characterised by: 1) A careful integration of aspects from partly complementary risk assessment methods like HazOp [10], FTA [5] FMEA [3] Markov analysis Hazard and Operability Analysis. Fault Tree Analysis. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis. Siv Hilde Houmb et al. 18] and CRAMM [2] 2) Guidelines and methodology for the use of UML [12] to support the risk assessment methodology. 3) A ....
Leveson, N. G., SAFEWARE, System, Safety and Computers, Addison-Wesley (1995), ISBN: 0-201-11972-2.
....of errors not their absence. Figure 2 5. Interpolation cannot represent the discontinuos behavior of software. 15 Aggravating the situation further is the fact that typically more than half of the errors in a system are due to ambiguous or incomplete requirement specifications [20] 24][67][76] The intention of testing is to verify that a specific input will yield a specific output defined by the specification. Possibly erroneous requirements thus further limits the confidence gained by testing software. 2.4.2 Removing errors Software does not wear out over time. It is ....
....cannot guarantee correct functionality or safety. In order to perform a proof, the correct behavior of the software must first be specified in a formal, mathematical language. The task of specifying the correct behavior can be as difficult and error prone as writing the software to 16 begin with [67][68] In essence the difficulty comes from the fact that we cannot know if we have accurately modeled the real system , so we can never be certain that the specification is complete. This distinction between model and reality attends all applications of mathematics in engineering. For example, ....
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Leveson N. G. Safeware - System, Safety and Computers. Addison Wesley 1995. ISBN 0-20111972 -2.
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Nancy Leveson. Safeware - System, Safety and Computers. Addison Wesley, 1995.
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