| Houle, K.J. and Weaver, G.M. Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology. Technical Report, CERT Coordination Center (Oct. 2001). |
....attack a large number of connections is set up with a victim, thereby exhausting the resources of the latter. A distributed denial of service attack is mounted from multiple directions, thereby making it more difficult to defend against. There exist many automated tools to mount DDoS attacks [2, 3, 5]. These require that the attacker takes control of a set of computers from which he will launch the attack. This, in turn, makes DDoS attacks more difficult to perform for a large portion of potential offenders. It also offers a certain degree of traceability since the take over of launch pad ....
K. Houle, G. Weaver, N. Long, and R. Thomas. Trends in denial of service attack technology. CERT Coordination Center White Paper, October 2001. http://www.cert.org/archive/pdf/DoS trends.pdf.
....all malicious programs propagating on the Internet as malware. Although malware has resulted in economic losses, so far they have been mostly nuisances. However it is expected that future malware will be more virulent and, thus, result in significantly greater damage. A recent document from CERT [12] reports on increasing attempts to compromise routers along with end hosts as well as other dangerous trends. Currently, malware are reverse engineered at some computer security organizations. Analysis of the malware signature is then broadcast to system administrators for countermeasure ....
K. Houle, G. Weaver,"Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology", http://www.cert.org/, October 2001
....of the presence of malicious users or hackers . The importance of securing the Internet has grown rapidly due to a series of attacks that shut down some of the world s most high profile Web sites, including Amazon and Yahoo [2] Several such attacks have also been reported in CERT advisories [3]. These attacks, coupled with the growing fear of cyber terrorism have made researchers think of possible ways of compromising the Internet, and means and methods to protect users from the adversaries. Figure 1 lists out the different types of Internet attacks possible. Internet attacks can be ....
Kevin. J. Houle and George. M. Weaver, "Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology," CERT Advisory, v1.0, Oct. 2001.
....III. MOTIVATION FOR HISTORY BASED FILTERING In the early stage of DDoS attacks, the attack traffic is limited to a certain type of traffic, for example, smurf attacks use ICMP packets. Thus, it is easy to block the attack traffic according to the protocol number. Unfortunately, recent research [8] shows that the DDoS attack tools are sophisticated enough to generate packets with randomly spoofed source addresses, source port and even the packet payload. This makes the filtering process much more difficult and requires advanced traffic modelling techniques. We provide a practical solution ....
Kevin J. Houle, George M. Weaver, Neil Long, and Rob Thomas. Trends in denial of service attack technology, October 2001. CERT and CERT Coordination Center.
....for business and an essential communication medium, the more attractive it is to attack. According to the CERT Coordination Center (originally the Computer Emergency Response Team) one of the most recent and disturbing trends we have seen is an increase in intruder compromise and use of routers. [3] Attacks on the routers of the network attack the very basis of the Internet infrastructure. Each router is responsible for sending data correctly around the Internet, delivering it to its nal destination. Business depends heavily upon a functioning network which makes it a likely target for ....
Kevin J. Houle and George M. Weaver. Trends in denial of service attack technology. Technical report, CERT Coordination Center, October 2001.
....[5] in which a miscon gured BGP router advertised to its peers that it had a direct route to every address in the Internet. This false information disrupted a large portion of the Internet for several hours. Recently, CERT warned of increasing focus on compromising routers by the hacker community [10], where there are active discussions on attacking routing protocols [6] Going beyond the prank level of threat, there are concerns arising from recent terrorist events of the feasibility and e ect of a serious attack on the Internet infrastructure. There is a great deal of concern about the ....
K. Houle and G. Weaver. Trends in denial of service attack technology. http://www.cert.org/archive/pdf/DoS trends.pdf, October 2001.
....in the routing forwarding table. To be fair, ACC is meant to solve a much broader class of problems, i.e. transient router congestion, of which DoS attack is just a special case. Recently several papers discussed the current trend and evaluation of DoS attacks. Houle and Weaver from CERT [15] discussed the recent development of DoS attack technologies, including the tools attackers use and methods they developed. This paper also raises the important issue of DoS attacks that exploit protocol speci c weaknesses such as routing protocols. Moore, et al. 16] presents empirical data and ....
K. J. Houle and G. M. Weaver, \Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology," CERT Coordination Center, October 2001.
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Houle, K.J. and Weaver, G.M. Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology. Technical Report, CERT Coordination Center (Oct. 2001).
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Houle, K. H., and Weaver, G. M. Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology. Tech. rep., CERT Coordination Ceter, Pittsburgh, PA, October 2001.
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K. J. Houle, G. M. Weaver, N. Long, and R. Thomas. Trends in denial of service attack technology. Technical report, CERT Coordination Center, Oct. 2001.
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Kevin J. Houle, George M. Weaver, Neil Long, and Rob Thomas. Trends in denial of service attack technology. CERT Coordination Center Technical Report, October 2001.
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K. Houle, G. Weaver, N. Long, and R. Thomas. Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology. http://www.cert.org/archive/pdf/DoS_trends.pdf, October 2001.
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K. J. Houle, G. M. Weaver, N. Long, and R. Thomas, "Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology," CERT Coordination Center, October 2001.
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Kevin J. Houle, George M. Weaver, Neil Long, and Rob Thomas. Trends in denial of service attack technology. CERT Coordination Center Technical Report, October 2001.
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Kevin J. Houle, George M. Weaver, Neil Long, and Rob Thomas. Trends in denial of service attack technology. CERT Coordination Center Technical Report, October 2001.
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K. J. Houle, G. M. Weaver, N. Long, and R. Thomas, "Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology," CERT Coordination Center, October 2001.
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K.J. Houle, G.M. Weaver, "Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology", CERT Coordination Center, Oct 2001. http://www.cert.org/archive/pdf/DoS_trends.pdf
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K.J. Houle, G.M. Weaver, "Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology", CERT Coordination Center, Oct 2001. http://www.cert.org/archive/pdf/DoS trends.pdf
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K. J. Houle, G. M. Weaver, N. Long and R. Thomas"Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology", CERT# Coordination Center, 2001.
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K. J. Houle, G. M. Weaver, N. Long and R. Thomas"Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology", CERT# Coordination Center, 2001. http://www.cert.org/archive/ pdf/DoS_trends.pdf.
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Kevin J. Houle, George M. Weaver, "Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology", October 2001.
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K. J. Houle, G. M. Weaver, N. Long, and R. Thomas. Trends in denial of service attack technology. Technical report, CERT, 2001. http://www.cert.org/archive/pdf/DoS trends.pdf.
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K. Houle, G. Weaver,"Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology", http://www.cert.org/, October 2001
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K. Houle, G. Weaver, N. Long, R. Thomas, "Trends in Denial of Service Attack Technology", Version 1.0, CERT Coordination Center, Carnegie Mellon University, October 2001.
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Houle, Kevin J.; Weaver, George M.; Long, Neil; & Thomas, Rob. Trends In Denial of Service Attack Technology, CERT Coordination Center. <http://www.cert.org/archive/pdf/DoS_trends.pdf> (October 2001).
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