R. Merkle. A software one-way function. Technical report, Xerox PARC, March 1990.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....capabilities. We refine the requirements for secure coprocessor software and hardware. To verify that the system software is the correct version, the secure coprocessor must have secure memory to store checksums or other data. If keyless cryptography checksums such as MD5 [39] multi round Snefru [32], or IBM s MDC [25] are one way hash functions, then the only requirement is that the memory be protected from unauthorized writes. Otherwise, we must use keyed cryptographic checksums such as Karp and Rabin s technique of fingerprinting (see [27] The latter approach requires that memory also be ....

R. Merkle. A software one-way function. Technical report, Xerox PARC, March 1990.

....paging (see section 4.1.3. The secure coprocessor can detect any modifications to the system objects and can check the integrity of the external storage. Along with integrity, secure coprocessors offer privacy; this property allows the use of both keyed (such as Rivest s MD5 [77] Merkle s Snefru [56], Jueneman s Message Authentication Code (MAC) 44] and IBM s Manipulation Detection Code (MDC) 41] and keyless (such as chained DES [102] and Karp and Rabin s family of fingerprint functions [45] cryptographic checksum functions. All cryptographic checksum functions require integrity ....

....Let us refine the requirements for secure coprocessor software and hardware. To verify that the system software is the correct version, the secure coprocessor must have secure memory to store checksums or other data. If keyless cryptography checksums such as MD5 [77] multi round Snefru [56], or IBM s MDC [41] are one way hash functions, then the only requirement is that the memory be protected from unauthorized writes. Otherwise, we must use keyed cryptographic checksums such as Karp and Rabin s technique of fingerprinting (see [45] and section 5.1.5) The latter approach requires ....

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R. Merkle. A software one-way function. Technical report, Xerox PARC, March 1990.

....as mentioned in Section 2, must be cryptographically signed to prevent any alteration. This may be achieved using a public key system such as RSA[25] the Rabin function [23] or the recently proposed Digital Signature Standard[16] either alone or in conjunction with a cryptographic hash function [13, 24, 15]. Cryptographic stamps consist of the cryptographic signature of the source and destination addresses (full addresses, not just ZIP 4) hierarchical authorization number (ID of authorizing post office computer) postage meter serial number, stamp sequence number, amount of postage and postage ....

R. Merkle. A software one way function. Technical report, Xerox PARC, March 1990.

....can easily be made into viral vectors. Along with integrity secure coprocessors offer privacy; this property allows the use of a wider class of cryptographic checksum functions. There are many cryptographic checksum functions that might be used, including Rivest s MD5 [46] Merkle s Snefru [32], IBM s MDC [25, 26] chained DES, and Karp and Rabin s family of fingerprint functions[28] All of these require integrity; the last three require privacy of keys. The strength of these rely on the difficulty of finding collisions two different inputs with the same checksum. The ....

....coprocessor verifies that the system software is the correct version, we are assuming that a secure coprocessor has secure, tamper proof memory which remembers a description of the correct version of the system software. If we assume that proposed functions such as MD5[46] multi round Snefru[32], or IBM s MDC[25] are one way hash functions, then the only requirement is that the memory is protected from writing by unauthorized individuals. Otherwise, we must use cryptographic checksums such as Karp and Rabin s technique of fingerprinting , which uses a family of hash functions with good ....

R. Merkle. A software one way function. Technical report, Xerox PARC, March 1990.

....Let us refine the requirements for secure coprocessor software and hardware. To verify that the system software is the correct version, the secure coprocessor must have secure memory to store checksums or other data. If keyless cryptography checksums such as MD5 [39] multi round Snefru [32], or IBM s MDC [25] are one way hash functions, then the only requirement is that the memory be protected from unauthorized writes. Otherwise, we must use keyed cryptographic checksums such as Karp and Rabin s technique of fingerprinting (see [27] The latter approach requires that memory also be ....

R. Merkle. A software one-way function. Technical report, Xerox PARC, March 1990.

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