Matthias A. Blumrich, Kai Li, Richard Alpert, Cezary Dubnicki, Edward W. Felten, and Jonathan Sandberg. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Computer Architecture, pages 142--153, April 1994.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....in its shared memory scheme. The Flash has a facility, therefore, for message passing type communications. With the MBP or the MBCF, however, this problem was successfully overcome by using update type protocols or remote writes within the frame work of the shared memory. 2.7. 4 Shrimp The Shrimp [4] is for the hardware support of fine grained update type shared memory traffic, such as that which occurs in Reflective Memory (i.e. the Memory Channel) The Shrimp is very simple hardware and can only generate and transfer one remote packet on each shared access of main processors. The Shrimp ....

M. Blumrich, K. Li, R. Alpert, C. Dubniki, E. Felten, and J. Sandberg. A Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for SHRIMP Multiprocessor. In Proc. 21st Int. Symp. on Computer Architecture, pages 142--153, April 1994.

....registers and buffer queues in the descriptor. This enables RDMA, which allows the network adapter to reduce copy overhead by accessing application buffers directly. The combination of user level network access and copy avoidance has a lengthy heritage in research systems spanning two decades [2, 4, 6, 33, 38]. The experiments in Section 7 quantify the improvement in access overhead that DAFS gains from RDMA and transport offload on direct access NICs. 2.3 User Level File Systems In addition to overhead reduction, the DAFS protocol leverages user level networking to enable the network file system ....

....libraries to allow improved application control and specialization is similar in spirit to the library oper ating systems of Exokernel [21] protocol service decomposition for high speed networking [24] and re lated approaches. User level file systems were con ceived for the SHRIMP project [4] and the NetworkAttached Secure Disks (NASD) project [18] NFS and other network file system protocols could support user level clients over an RPC layer incorpo rating the relevant features of DAFS [7] and we believe that our results and conclusions would apply to such a system. Earlier work ....

M. Blumrich, K. Li, R. Alperr, C. Dubnicki, and E. Felten. A Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In Proc. of 21st Annual Symposium on Computer Architecture, pages 142-153, April 1994.

....technology. It has been shown that having the operating system in the critical path of communication significantly reduces performance due to the latency of context switching and other overhead. This has fueled the development of userlevel communication protocol systems such as AM [10] VMMC [8], FM [14] U Net [18, 19] LAPI [16] and BIP [15] GM [3] is a user level communication protocol that runs over the popular Myrinet interconnect [9] It gives reliable in order delivery of packets with very low latency, and high bandwidth. Thus, it is interesting to analyze whether Myrinet ....

M. A. Blumrich, K. Li, R. Alpert, C. Dubnicki, E. W. Felten, and J. Sandberg. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS), pages 96--107, April 1991.

....quickly by the processor, and acts as a staging area for outgoing messages. A zero copy message protocol allows messages to be delivered directly to user space without copying. Not all of these ideas are new. For example, previous research has explored the use of user level network interfaces[3,9,11,13,18]. However, this specific combination of features is unique, in that it exposes interrupts directly to user level programs. The important aspect of our architecture lies in its support for user level messaging (for both interprocessor communication and I O) in a general purpose operating system ....

....message arrival notification. Sends, receives, and notifications all make passes through operating system code. Since the operating system code is unlikely to reside in the cache, these system calls result in cache misses. Figure 1: Anatomy of a message for a kernel mode NI User level interfaces[3,9,11,13,18] and zero copy protocols[5,7] significantly reduce the overhead of message sends and receives by eliminating operating system and copying overhead on the message send and receive sides. Notifications still have significant opportunity for optimization, as they remain the performance and ....

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Matthias A. Blumrich, et al. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In Proceedings of the 21st Annual ISCA, April 1994, pp. 142-153.

....redundant copying and other networking costs. User level networking architectures, such as the Virtual Interface (VI) Architecture [1] U Net [2] and Virtual Memory This work is supported in part by the National Science Foundation under the NSF CAREER CCR 0133366. Mapped Communication (VMMC) [3], designed to achieve low latency and high bandwidth in a SAN environment, offer an attractive solution for reducing communication software overheads. The Direct Access File System (DAFS) protocol [4] exploits user level memory mapped communication to help reduce the cost of file access by ....

....VII presents the conclusions. II. BACKGROUND AND RELATED WORK A. Reducing Networking Overheads Various techniques have been used to reduce the overheads arising out of copies in the network data path [8] 10] In addition to zero copy communication, user level networking architectures [1] [3] provide a mechanism for high bandwidth and low latency communication with minimal overheads. The Virtual Interface Architecture (VIA) 1] is a user level memory mapped communication standard for SANs that reduces the communication overhead by providing direct access to the network interface for ....

M. Blumrich, K. Li, R. Alpert, C. Dubnicki, E. Felten, and J. Sandberg, "A Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer," in Proceedings of the 21st Annual Symposium on Computer Architecture, Apr. 1994, pp. 142--153.

....translations for receive buffers. Applications are not involved in managing the TLB or maintaining translations. The U Net MM mechanism provides transparent user level DMA with arbitrary buffer spaces at the cost of added complexity in the operating system. Virtual memory mapped communication [14][39] is a user level communication mechanism that avoids the user level DMA problems by performing all communication between pairs of virtual memory pages. Instead of explicitly specifying data transfers, it forwards all modifications made to a local memory page to an associated remote page. This ....

M.A. Blumrich et al., "Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer," Proc. 21st Int'l Symp. Computer Architecture (ISCA-21), ACM Press, New York, N.Y., 1994, pp. 143-153.

....the application using memory mapped access to the device and bypassing the Kostas Magoutis is with the Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University. E mail: magoutis eecs.harvard.edu . kernel. Research on system area networks with user level networking and RDMA capabilities [4], 5] 6] 7] has motivated the design of distributed systems based on an RDMA paradigm. Recent commercially available SAN interconnects such as InfiniBand [8] and protocols such as VI [9] o#er advanced RDMA capabilities for data transfer and atomic operations. Network interfaces for these ....

M. Blumrich, K. Li, R. Alpert, C. Dubnicki, and E. Felten, "A Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer," in Proceedings of the 21st Annual Symposium on Computer Architecture, April 1994, pp. 142--153.

....operating system altogether in the common case. The NIC typically has direct access to application buffers, eliminating unnecessary copies. In some cases the network provides a reliable transport, which simplifies protocol processing. A variety of user level network interfaces have been developed[28, 8, 9], each supporting a particular communications paradigm. For example, SCI has largely been used to support shared memory scientific clusters, and Arsenic[24] supports processing of TCP and UDP streams. Other communication interfaces can be built as layers of software above the raw network, but this ....

M. Blumrich, K. Li, R. Alpert, C. Dubnicki, E. Felten, and J. Sandberg. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In 21st Annual Symposium on Computer Architecture, pages 142--153, April 1994.

....hardware implementation. 2 Background 2.1 Virtual Interface Architecture VIA is the result of an effort to standardise academic research into user level networks. The design is most strongly influenced by the U Net[6] project, but a wide variety of other user level networks have been proposed[7, 8, 9]. The VIA network model has since been adopted for the Infiniband switched fabric interconnect, which has wide and powerful industry support, and hence is likely to be widely adopted. The VIA Specification[10] defines the network interface s architectural model, including the division of ....

Matthias Blumrich, Kai Li, Richard Alpert, Cezary Dubnicki, Edward Felten, and Jonathan Sandberg. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In 21st Annual Symposium on Computer Architecture, pages 142--153, April 1994.

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M. Blumrich, K. Li, R. Alpert, C. Dubnicki, E. Felten, and J. Sandberg. A virtual memory mapped network interface for the SHRIMP multicomputer. In Proceedings of the 21st Annual Sympostum on Computer Architecture, pages 142-153, April 1994.

....has to diagnose the bugs by observing these memory locations on the host machine. The earlier version of the Virtual Memory Mapped Communication (VMMC) firmware [14] for Myrinet network interface cards was implemented using event driven state machines in C. Since the VMMC architecture [5] delivers highperformance on gigabit networks by migrating as much functionality as possible from the operating system to the network interface card, the network interface firmware is fairly complex. Our experience with implementing the VMMC firmware in C has been that while good performance could ....

M. A. Blumrich, K. Li, R. Alpert, C. Dubnicki, E. W. Felten, and J. Sandberg. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In International Symposium on Computer Architecture, 1994.

....requester may have to gather diffs from different processors upon a page fault can be a potential performance bottleneck. Hence he proposed a new cache coherence protocol known as the Automatic Update Release Consistency (AURC) for implementing lazy release consistency on the SHRIMP multicomputer [14] by making use of the automatic update hardware mechanism provided by the machine. AURC can gain a better performance than the homeless protocol. In AURC, a home processor is selected to store the master copy of every page. The automatic update mappings provided by SHRIMP are set such that writes ....

M. Blumrich, K. Li, R. Alpert, C. Dubnicki, E. Felten and J. Sandberg. A Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In Proc. of the 21st Annual Symposium on Computer Architecture, pages 142-153, April 1994.

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Matthias A. Blumrich, Kai Li, Richard Alpert, Cezary Dubnicki, Edward W. Felten, and Jonathan Sandberg. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Computer Architecture, pages 142--153, April 1994.

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BLUMRICH, M. A., LI, K., ALPERT, R., DUBNICKI, C., FELTEN, E., AND SANDBERG, J. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In Proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on Computer Architecture (Apr. 1994).

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M. Blumrich and et al. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In Intl Symposium on Computer Architecture, April 1994. 17

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Mattias A. Blumrich, Kai Li, R. Alpert, Cezary Dubnicki, Edward W. Felten and J. Sandberg. A virtual memory-mapped network interface for the SHRIMP multicomputer. Proc. of the 21st International Symposium on Computer Architecture, Chicago IL, April 1994, pp. 142-153.

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BLUMRICH, M. A., LI, K., ALPERT, R., DUBNICKI, C., FELTEN, E., AND SANDBERG, J. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In Proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on Computer Architecture (Apr. 1994).

No context found.

Mattias A. Blumrich, Kai Li, R. Alpert, Cezary Dubnicki, Edward W. Felten and J. Sandberg. A virtual memory-mapped network interface for the SHRIMP multicomputer. Proc. of the 21st International Symposium on Computer Architecture, Chicago IL, April 1994, pp. 142-153.

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M. Blumrich and et al. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In Intl Symposium on Computer Architecture, April 1994. 17

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M. Blumrich, K. Li, R. Alpert, C. Dubnicki, E. Felten, and J. Sandberg. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In 21st Annual Symposium on Computer Architecture, pages 142--153, April 1994.

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M. Blumrich, K. Li, R. Alpert, C. Dubnicki, E. Felten, and J. Sandberg. A virtual memory mapped network interface for the shrimp multicomputer. In Proceedings of the 21st Annual Symposium on Computer Architecture, pages 142--153, April 1994.

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Blumrich, M.A., Li, K., Alpert, R., et al. Virtual memory mapped network interface for the SHRIMP multicomputer. In Proceedings of the 21st Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture (Apr. 1994), pp. 142--153.

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M. Blumrich, K. Li, R. Alpert, C. Dubniki, E. Felten, and J. Sandberg. A Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for SHRIMP Multiprocessor. In Proc. 21st Int. Symp. on Computer Architecture, pages 142--153, April 1994.

No context found.

Matthias Blumrich, Kai Li, Richard Alpert, Cezary Dubnicki, Edward Felten, and Jonathan Sandberg. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In 21st Annual Symposium on Computer Architecture, pages 142--153, April 1994.

No context found.

Matthias Blumrich, Kai Li, Richard Alpert, Cezary Dubnicki, Edward Felten, and Jonathan Sandberg. Virtual Memory Mapped Network Interface for the SHRIMP Multicomputer. In 21st Annual Symposium on Computer Architecture, pages 142--153, April 1994.

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