| Gambardella, L. M., Taillard, E. & Agazzi, G. (1999), MACSVRPTW: A multiple ant colony system for vehicle routing problems with time windows, Technical report, Istituto Dalle Molle Di Studi Sull Intelligenza Artificiale. |
.... optimization metaheuristic ACO is a stochastic approach that has been proposed to solve di erent hard combinatorial optimization problems such as traveling salesman problems [6] 10] 9] graph colouring problems [4] quadratic assignment problems [12] 20] and vehicle routing problems [1] [13]. The main idea of ACO is to model the problem as the search for a minimum cost path in a graph. Arti cial ants walk through this graph, looking for good paths. Each ant has a rather simple behaviour so that it will typically only nd rather poor quality paths on its own. Better paths are found ....
L.M. Gambardella, E.D. Taillard, and G. Agazzi. MACSVRPTW: A multiple ant colony system for vehicle routing problems with time windows. In D. Corne, M. Dorigo, and F. Glover, editors, New Ideas in Optimization, pages 63-76. McGraw Hill, London, UK, 1999.
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Gambardella, L. M., Taillard, E. & Agazzi, G. (1999), MACSVRPTW: A multiple ant colony system for vehicle routing problems with time windows, Technical report, Istituto Dalle Molle Di Studi Sull Intelligenza Artificiale.
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