J. M. Christensen and J. M. Howard. Field Experience in Maintenance. In NATO Symposium on Human Detection and Diagnosis of System Failures, 1981.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....In this paper we examine another source of unreliability: the misconfiguration of the routers that speak BGP. We know from numerous studies of highly reliable systems, such as aircraft, bank databases, and the telephone network, that human operator error can account for 20 70 of system failures [3, 6, 15, 21]. These studies have shown that as systems become more reliable, the human factor becomes increasingly important to overall reliability. We would expect the same to be true of the Internet. There is substantial anecdotal evidence that BGP configuration errors do occur, with serious consequences. ....

J. M. Christensen and J. M. Howard. Field Experience in Maintenance. In NATO Symposium on Human Detection and Diagnosis of System Failures, 1981.

....been well known for a long time, yet there does not seem to have been any significant reduction in its impact over time. Data from the late 1970s reveals that operator error accounted for 5070 of failures in electronic systems, 20 53 of missile system failures, and 60 70 of aircraft failures [11]. In the mid 1980s, a study of failures in fault tolerant Tandem systems revealed that 42 were due to system administration errors again human error [21] Data collected on the causes of failures in VAX systems reveals that in 1993, human operators were responsible for more than 50 of failures, ....

J. M. Christensen and J. M. Howard. Field Experience in Maintenance. In [50], 111133.

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