| Young, S., Evermann, G., Hain, T., Kershaw, D., Moore, G., Odell, J., Ollason, D., Povey, D., Valtchev, V., and Woodland, P., The HTK Book (for HTK Version 3.2.1), Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK, 2002. |
....20##CITEEND##02 IEEE. Published in the 2003 International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP 2003) scheduled for April 6 1l 2003 in Hong Kong SAR, China. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint republish this material for advertising or ....
....2002 IEEE. Published in the 2003 International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP 2003) scheduled for April 6 1l 2003 in Hong Kong SAR, China. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating ....
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S. Young, J. Jansen, J. Odell, D. Ollason, and P.Woodland, TheHTKBook (for HTKVersion 2.1), Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK,1
....are combined into sentence models by appropriately connecting Hidden Markov Models into larger state transition networks. Using this network representation, speech recognition is performed by determining the most likely state transition sequence through this network given observed speech features [89]. In commercial speech recognition systems, the end user is commonly only confronted with the final most probable utterances, however, systems internally maintain a whole set of possible utterances defined as a confusion network. As the quality of the acquired speech signal deteriorates, obtained ....
S. Young, J. Odell, D. Ollason, V. Valtchev, and P. Woodland, The HTK Book (for HTK Version 2.1): Cambridge University, 1995.
....as with standard HMMs. The likelihood of an observation o t given only the state q t = j can be obtained by marginalising the likelihood in Equation 7 as follows b j (o t ) p(o t t = j) jn b jmn (o t ) 12) Any Viterbi algorithm based decoder such as token passing algorithm [20] can be easily modified to support FAHMMs this way. The modifications to forward backward algorithm are discussed in the training section below. 2.4 Optimising FAHMM Parameters A maximum likelihood (ML) criterion is used to optimise the FAHMM parameters. It is also possible to find ....
....matrix can be shared globally or between classes of states as in semi tied covariance HMMs [4] A global observation noise distribution could represent a stationary noise environment corrupting all the speech data. Implementing an arbitrary tying scheme is closely related to standard HMM systems [20]. The su#cient statistics required for the tied parameter are accumulated over the entire class sharing it before updating. If the mean vectors and the covariance matrices of the state space noise are tied on a di#erent level, all the cross terms between the first order accumulates and the updated ....
[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]
S. Young, D. Kershaw, J. Odell, D. Ollason, V. Valtchev, and P. Woodland. The HTK Book (for HTK Version 3.0). Cambridge University, 2000. 16
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S.J. Young, G. Evermann, T. Hain, D. Kershaw, G.L. Moore, J.J. Odell, D. Ollason, D. Povey, V. Valtchev, P.C. Woodland (2003). The HTK Book. Cambridge University, http://htk.eng.cam.ac.uk. 22
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S.J. Young, G. Evermann, T. Hain, D. Kershaw, G.L. Moore, J.J. Odell, D. Ollason, D. Povey, V. Valtchev, P.C. Woodland (2003). The HTK Book. Cambridge University, http://htk.eng.cam.ac.uk. 22
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Young, S., Evermann, G., Hain, T., Kershaw, D., Moore, G., Odell, J., Ollason, D., Povey, D., Valtchev, V., and Woodland, P., The HTK Book (for HTK Version 3.2.1), Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK, 2002.
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Young, S., Evermann, G., Hain, T., Kershaw, D., Moore, G., Odell, J., Ollason, D., Povey, D., Valtchev, V., and Woodland, P., The HTK Book (for HTK Version 3.2.1). Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK, 2002.
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Young, S., Jansen, J., Odell, J., Ollason, D., Woodland, P., 1995. The HTK book (for HTK version 2.0). Cambridge University, UK.
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S. Young. The HTK Book. Cambridge University, 1995.
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Steve Young et al (1995): The HTK Book. Cambridge University, htk.eng.cam.ac.uk
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S. Young, G. Evermann, D. Kershaw, G. Moore, J. Odell, D. Ollason, D. Povey, V. Valtchev, and P. Woodland. The HTK Book. Cambridge University, 1995.
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S. Young, G. Evermann, D. Kershaw, G. Moore, J. Odell, D. Ollason, D. Povey, V. Valtchev, and P. Woodland. The HTK Book. Cambridge University, 1995.
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Steve Young et al (1995): The HTK Book. Cambridge University, htk.eng.cam.ac.uk
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S. Young. The HTK Book. Cambridge University, 1995.
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S. Young, D. Kershaw, J. Odell, D. Ollason, V. Valtchev, and P. Woodland, The HTK Book (for HTK Version 3.0), Cambridge University, 2000.
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S. Young, D. Kershaw, J. Odell, D. Ollason, V. Valtchev, and P. Woodland, The HTK Book (for HTK Version 3.0), Cambridge University, 2000.
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S. Young, D. Kershaw, J. Odell, D. Ollason, V. Valtchev, and P. Woodland, The HTK Book (for HTK version 3.0), Cambridge University, 1997.
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S. Young. The HTK Book. Cambridge University, 1995.
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S. Young, D. Kershaw, J. Odell, D. Ollason, V. Valtchev, and P. Woodland. The HTK Book (for HTK Version 3.0). Cambridge University, 2000.
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S. Young, D. Kershaw, J. Odell, D. Ollason, V. Valtchev, and P. Woodland. The HTK Book (for HTK Version 3.0). Cambridge University, 2000.
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Young, S.: The HTK Book. Cambridge University (1995/1996)
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S. Young, D. Kershaw, J. Odell, D. Ollason, V. Valtchev, and P. Woodland. The HTK Book (for HTK Version 3.0). Cambridge University, 2000.
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Young, S. et al.: The HTK Book (for HTK Version 3.1). Cambridge University, 2002
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S. Young, D. Kershaw, J. Odell, D. Ollason, V. Valtchev, and P. Woodland. The HTK Book (for HTK Version 3.0). Cambridge University, 2000.
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Steve Young. The HTK Book. Cambridge University, March 1997.
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