Sergio Greco, Nicola Leone, and Pasquale Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4), August 1992.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....we consider is that of extending Datalog to specify object oriented databases. In such extensions, the logical component is used to specify the schema of the database, and a distinction is made between base relations and derived relations. Examples of such systems are LOGRES [30] COMPLEX [39] and Datalog t; 4] 2.2.1 Logics for Objects The approaches we classify in this subsection consider objects as terms and do not take into account state evolution of objects. These proposals originate from Maier s O logic [45] and evolve in Clogic [34] and the revised O logic [42] These ....

....in rule heads and old invention are introduced in a deterministic framework with an inflationary semantics. We remark moreover that LOGRES provides a unit of modularity, but this notion is orthogonal to the notion of object, which also in this approach is that of a term. COMPLEX COMPLEX [39] is a system whose language (C Datalog) is an extension of Datalog with constructs for handling complex objects, object identity and (multiple) inheritance. Such language supports completely declarative programming, and query evaluation may be performed either top down or bottom up. In C Datalog ....

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S. Greco, N. Leone, and P. Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4):344 359, August 1990.

....great interests. The objective is to gain the best of both approaches. Various methods of incorporating object oriented programming into Prolog have been discussed [5, 13, 14] Also, a number of novel languages have been proposed such as OOLP [3] C Logic [2] L O [11] Prolog [12] COMPLEX [4], LIFE [1] and some of them have been implemented. However, none of them support all important object oriented features. In this paper, we describe Pluto, an object oriented logic programming language that supports nearly all object oriented features in a logic programming framework, such as ....

S. Greco, N. Leone, and P. Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4):344-359, 1992.

....a superclass may not be well typed with respect to its type definition because of overriding and blocking. Most deductive object oriented database languages, including F logic 1 , LOGRES [4] LIV 1 F logic however supports indeterminate non monotonic default value ING IN LATTICE [7] COMPLEX [6], only allow monotonic multiple structural inheritance, which is not powerful enough. Some deductive object oriented languages such as Datalog meth only support non monotonic single inheritance by allowing method overriding. One extreme case is IQL, which does not support multiple inheritance at ....

S. Greco, N. Leone, and P. Rullo. COMPLEX: An ObjectOriented Logic Programming System. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4):344--359, 1992.

....changes without side effects. In other proposals, multi headed clauses are used for similar purposes. However, the notion of updating object state does not fit well in object oriented extensions of logic programming. In addition, also approaches developed in the database field, like e.g. Fre94,GLR90,LO91] do not consider state evolution. Many of the approaches [AK89,GLR90,CCCR 89] moreover, do not consider the behavioral component of objects, that is, methods. We think that this is an important issue because it overcomes the dichotomy between data and operations of the relational ....

....used for similar purposes. However, the notion of updating object state does not fit well in object oriented extensions of logic programming. In addition, also approaches developed in the database field, like e.g. Fre94,GLR90,LO91] do not consider state evolution. Many of the approaches [AK89,GLR90,CCCR 89] moreover, do not consider the behavioral component of objects, that is, methods. We think that this is an important issue because it overcomes the dichotomy between data and operations of the relational model. Few proposals moreover, deal with behavioral inheritance and overriding. ....

S. Greco, N. Leone, and P. Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4):344--359, August 1990.

.... successful research prototypes have been implemented, e.g. SALAD (see Section 2) NAIL [18] KIWI [22] or ALGRES [4] Also first attempts of combining Datalog with concepts from object oriented databases exist resulting in various deductive object oriented database system prototypes like COMPLEX [12], LLO [16] LOL [3] CLOG [13] or Quixote [34] 2 LDL LDL (Logical Data Language) was designed at MCC as purely declarative logic based language. It provides the following powerful extensions of pure Datalog (a complete presentation gives [19] C simple data types including string, integer, ....

S. Greco, N. Leone, P. Rullo. COMPLEX: an Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE Trans. Knowledge and Data Eng., Vol. 4, No. 4, 1990.

....OODB H. M. Haav 2.2.1 Introduction The theory of lattices provides a natural basis for analysis of class and object hierarchies (or lattices) that occur in OO programming and database world. This has been recognized by several OO Programming and Database researchers during the few last years [17, 1, 7, 13, 32]. The purpose of the research is to clarify the meaning of class and object lattices used as underlying semantic structure for different query languages for 7 OODB. The report provides an analysis of lattice based languages. It also points to problems that arise when dealing with evolution of ....

....Inheritance of properties is going upwards by lattice, because the most general objects are located nearer to the bottom of lattice. We do not see reasons for such a definition of order and lattice. More pragmatic approach is taken into account when implementation of OODB languages is considered [13, 12, 2, 7]. Modelling dynamic aspects of OODB considers the following changes: 1. Changes on class lattice. They represent changes on class descriptions and on inheritance relationships between classes. Usually such changes are considred as schema or lattice evolution. 2. Changes on object base. They ....

Greco S., Leone N., and Rullo P. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, Vol 4, No 4, 1992.

....class hierarchies, multiple inheritance, and schema definition from the object oriented approach. In the past decade, a number of deductive objectoriented database languages have been proposed, such as O logic [16] revised O logic [11] IQL [2] F logic [10] LOGRES [6] LLO [15] Complex [8], Noodle [17] CORAL [21] DLT [3] Gulog [7] and Rock Roll [4] However, most of these proposals stay at the theoretical level. Some of them, such as Flogic, are technically too complicated and it is far from clear how they could be fully implemented efficiently and taken as the basis of ....

Sergio Greco, Nicola Leone, and Pasquale Rullo. COMPLEX: An object-oriented logic programming system. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4):344-- 359, 1992.

....object oriented database system for advanced database applications. 1 Introduction In the past few years, a number of deductive object oriented database languages have been proposed, such as O logic [28] revised O logic [17] F logic [16] IQL [3] LOGRES [9] LLO [27] Noodle [30] Complex [14], CORAL [32] DLT [5] Gulog [12] Rock Roll [6] ROL [22] DO2 [19] and ROL2 [20, 25] The objective of deductive object oriented databases is to combine the best of the deductive and object oriented approaches, such as recursion, declarative querying, and a rm logical foundation from the ....

Sergio Greco, Nicola Leone, and Pasquale Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4):344-359, 1992.

....dynamics of application on the more general level than class description. To overcome the limited facilities of OO paradigm for expressing general rules of behavior of an application several extensions of OO modeling with deductive capabilities and declarative languages have been proposed [2, 7, 10, 12, 16, 21]. Since declarative languages are inherently logic based, the two different paradigms, OO and deductive approaches, are integrated to the one deductive object oriented approach. OO modeling methods and languages differ in the ways, how these two paradigms are integrated: are concepts of ....

....of deductive and OO approaches to IS modeling. On the one hand, several extensions to OO modeling with deductive capabilities are proposed in [16, 21] On the other hand, incorporation of OO concepts to deductive approach has led to creation of a number of logic languages of complex objects [7, 10, 12, 13, 15]. Some of them have well defined semantics as, for example, F logic [12, 13] The other languages are extensions to already existent logical languages, for example, Prolog as an extension to Prolog [18] In many cases, such an integration of concepts from the two paradigms results to the new ....

S. Greco, N.Leone, and P. Rullo, COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4):344--359,1992.

....query language in the sense that it is possible to express what is wanted without attention to how the answer is to be computed. To overcome the above mentioned disadvantages of OO paradigm several extensions of OO modeling with deductive capabilities and declarative languages have been proposed [2, 3, 10, 12, 15, 27]. Since declarative languages are inherently logic based, the two different paradigms, OO and deductive approaches, are integrated to the one deductive object oriented approach. OO modeling methods and languages differ in the ways, how these two paradigms are integrated: are concepts of ....

S.Greco, N.Leone and P.Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, Vol 4 No 4, 1992, pp 344 - 359.

.... Because of this wide spectrum of the need for handling complex and fuzzy information existing in the real world, there have been various researches in the last decade attempting to deal with complex objects in the frame of database systems (NF 2 DB models [2, 41, 48, 17] OODB Models [22, 51]) in knowledge based systems [3] and in coupled systems [33] As separate research attempts, there have also been advances dealing with fuzzy information in database systems [9, 23, 33, 54, 52] and in knowledgebased systems [31, 58] and with other uncertain information in both sytems [47, 34] ....

S. Greco, N. Leone, and P. Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4), August 1992.

....without selecting one of them as an internal form in relation to another. The problem of modifying OO applications is intensivly investigated in the area of Object Oriented Data Bases (OODB) One of the formal approaches to its solution was touched in the framework of lattice based languages [9, 10, 5]. We do not provide a new semantics for OODB, however the transformations introduced allow to express most of the essential concepts of OO programming in a traditional formalism. Another aspect of supporting modifications that was investigated in connection with OO systems is change notification ....

S. Greco, N. Leone, and P. Rullo. Complex: An object-oriented logic programming system. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4), 1992.

.... querying in object oriented database system have been made, and several others are in progress [Abi89, Bee89] COL [AG88] Reloop [CDLR89] IQL [AK89] the O 2 query language ( BDK92] Chapter 11) OSQL in the IRIS system [WLH90] Logres [CCCR 90] F Logic [KLW90] HiLog [CKW92] Complex [GLR92] XSQL [KKS92] CQL [DGJ92] ZQL[C ] Bla93] Orlog [JL93] QUIXOT E [YTM93] CDOL [KU93] A DOOD Ranch [UD93] Coral [SRSS93] and Noodle [MR93] The declarative sublanguage of SWORD is based on Noodle. In this section, we compare the salient features of SWORD with several of the above ....

Sergio Greco, N. Leone, and P. Rullo. Complex: An object-oriented logic programming system. ACM Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4):344--359, August 1992.

....inheritance . Namely, a class definition can only add new properties or restrict the value domain of the property inherited from a superclass. Now the question is how to indicate to the system which of the two options gives the desired semantics for Car factory. Conventional data models, such as [1, 2, 3, 8, 14, 16, 26, 27, 28] provide specialization mechanisms that support only one of the two options (see also section 6) We believe that both options should be supported, as the appropriate option depends on the desired class semantics. Moreover, we believe that an a priori choice of one or the other option can lead to ....

....of p 0 and p 00 (in the existing class hierarchy) These data models force the class hierarchy to be a lattice, so that the greatest lower bound of the value domains of p 0 and p 00 always exists. This approach is followed by the deductive object oriented systems LOGIN [1] and COMPLEX [8]. Approach 5: The properties inherited by class C from p 0 and p 00 coincide and the value domain of the inherited property is not a unique class but a set consisting of the value domains of p 0 and p 00 . Legal values of the inherited attribute should be instances of each class in its ....

S. Greco, N. Leone, P. Rullo, COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4), 344-359 (1992).

....without selecting one of them as an internal form in relation to another. The problem of modifying OO applications is extensivly investigated in the area of ObjectOriented Data Bases (OODB) One of the formal approaches to its solution was mentioned in the framework of lattice based languages [9, 10, 5]. We do not provide a new semantics for OODB, however our transformations allow to express most of the essential concepts of OO programming in a traditional formalism. Another aspect of supporting modifications that was investigated in connection with OO systems is change notification and change ....

S. Greco, N. Leone, and P. Rullo. Complex: An object-oriented logic programming system. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4), 1992.

.... Work Several efforts to integrate declarative querying in object oriented database system have been made, and several others are in progress [1, 6] COL [2] Reloop [11] IQL [3] the O 2 query language ( 5] Chapter 11) OSQL in the IRIS system [29] Logres [8] F Logic [17] HiLog [10] Complex [13], XSQL [16] CQL [12] ZQL[C ] 7] Orlog [14] QUIXOT E [30] CDOL [15] A DOOD Ranch [28] Coral [25] and our own SWORD [21] system based on Noodle. In this section, we compare the salient features of Noodle with several of the above systems. Noodle supports relations with tuples that do ....

S. Greco, N. Leone, and P. Rullo. Complex: An object-oriented logic programming system. ACM Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4):344--359, Aug. 1992.

No context found.

Sergio Greco, Nicola Leone, and Pasquale Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4), August 1992.

No context found.

S. Greco, N. Leone, and P. Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE TKDE, 4(4), August 1992.

....strongly connected components can also be done in parallel; thus, performance increase by parallel processing is possible. Modularized bottom up computation is important for practical concerns, as we experienced in some projects on the implementation of deductive databases systems, namely COMPLEX [14] and the ESPRIT projects KIWI [19] and KIWIS [21, 1] Indeed, in the context of deductive databases, where a large amount of data is assumed, it is very important to reduce the number of relations to be dealt with at a time. Theorem 4 allows to minimize this number of relations, permitting a ....

S. Greco, N. Leone, P. Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE TKDE, vol. 4, no. 4, August 1992.

....strongly connected components can also be done in parallel; thus, performance increase by parallel processing is possible. Modularized bottom up computation is important for practical concerns, as we experienced in some projects on the implementation of deductive databases systems, namely COMPLEX [15] and the ESPRIT projects KIWI [21] and KIWIS [23, 1] Indeed, in the context of deductive databases, where a large amount of data is assumed, it is very important to reduce the number of relations to be dealt with at a time. Theorem 4 allows to minimize this number of relations, permitting a ....

S. Greco, N. Leone, P. Rullo, COMPLEX: An object-oriented logic programming system, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4:4 (1992) 344--359.

No context found.

S. Greco, N. Leone, P. Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE TKDE, vol. 4, no. 4, August 1992.

No context found.

S. Greco, N. Leone, P. Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE TKDE, vol. 4, no. 4, August 1992. 36

.... Basically, a deductive database is a logic program without function symbols, i.e. a datalog program (possibly extended with negation) A number of advanced deductive database systems have been developed that utilize logic programming and extensions thereof for querying relational databases, e.g. [10, 16, 19]. Work supported in part by FWF (Austrian Science Funds) under project P11580 MAT, and by the Istituto per la Sistemistica e l Informatica, ISI CNR. y Please address correspondence to this author; Phone: 43 1 588016126; Fax: 43 1 5055304 z Work done while visiting TU Vienna. The need ....

S. Greco, N. Leone, and P. Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE TKDE, 4(4), August 1992.

....past the field of deductive databases. Basically, a deductive database is a function free logic program, i.e. a datalog program (possibly extended with negation) Several advanced deductive database systems utilize logic programming and extensions thereof for querying relational databases, e.g. [14, 21, 24]. The need for representing disjunctive (or incomplete) information led to Disjunctive Deductive Databases (DDDBs) 18] They can be seen as function free disjunctive logic programs, i.e. disjunctive datalog programs [19, 12] DDDBs are nowadays widely recognized as a valuable tool for knowledge ....

S. Greco, N. Leone, and P. Rullo. COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System. IEEE TKDE, 4(4), August 1992.

No context found.

S. Greco, N. Leone, P. Rullo, COMPLEX: An Object-Oriented Logic Programming System, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 4(4), 344-359 (1992).

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