Siegel, A., & White, S. (1975). The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. In H. Reese (Ed.), Advances in Child Development & Behavior (pp. 9-55). New York: Academic Press.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....al. 1987] shows great promise of overcoming the fragility o.f purely metrical methods. Humans perform well at spatial learning in spite of sensory and processing limitations [Kuipers, 1979] and partial knowledge [Kuipers, 1983] Many cognitive scientists [Lynch, 1960; Piaget and Inhelder, 1967; Siegel and White, 1975] observe that a cognitive map is organized into successive layers. These results suggest that the basic element of a useful and powerful description of the environment is a topological description. The layered model consists of the identification and recognition of landmarks and places, procedural ....

A.W.Siegel and S.H.White. The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments, Advances in child development and behavior, H.W.Reese Ed, New York: Academic Press.

....Human Factors Observations Users of virtual environments typically hope to obtain two types of information: the presence of particular objects and the organizational relationship between those objects. These requirements fit into the spatial knowledge framework established by Siegel and White [12]. The ability to extract and remember features from the scene defines landmark knowledge. Survey knowledge refers to understanding the global configuration of objects. The constrained system appears naturally to facilitate development of both types of spatial knowledge. Extensive human factors ....

A. W. Siegel and S. White. The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. In H. Reese, editor, Advances in child development and behavior, Vol. 10. Academic Press, 1975.

....space. We present interesting results warranting further exploration of both this design space and the performance benefits from a large prototype display. RELATED WORK There exists a vast body of work on general principles in 3D navigation. Thorndyke Hayes Roth [28] as well as many others [13,23,25,33], studied the differences in spatial knowledge acquired from maps and exploration. Darken and others have explored cognitive and design principles as they apply to large virtual worlds [6,7,23,29] Furnas explored view traversability and navigability for effective navigation through large data ....

Siegel, A., White, S. The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. In H. Reese (Ed.), Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 10, 10-55. New York: Academic Press.

....computergenerated spaces is significant, given that female performance is significantly enhanced without jeopardizing male performance on 3D navigation tasks. RELATED WORK There exists a vast body of work on general principles in 3D navigation. Thorndyke Hayes Roth [26] as well as many others [21,24,28,30], have studied the differences in spatial knowledge acquired from maps and exploration. Vinson [27] Lynch [17] Passini [18] Darken et al. 6,7] and others have explored cognitive and design principles as they apply to large virtual worlds [21,27] The latter researchers have consistently ....

Siegel, A., White, S. The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. In H. Reese (Ed.), Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 10, 10-55. New York: Academic Press.

....structures) the goal remains the same. Users of virtual environments hope to obtain two types of information: the presence of particular objects and the organizational relationship between those objects. These requirements fit into the spatial knowledge framework established by Siegel and White [6]. They defined landmark knowledge as the ability to extract and remember features from the scene. Understanding the spatial relationships among the landmarks is known as survey knowledge. Survey knowledge is often likened to having a mental representation of a map. Having obtained survey knowledge ....

Siegel, A. W., White, S.H. (1975). "The development of spatial representations of large scale environments. in H. Reese (Ed.) Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 10. Academic Press

....of it. The study of such cognitive or mental maps of physical spaces has concluded that multiple navigation experiences in the same environment allows individuals to estimate distances and directions to unseen objects, sketch maps of the area, and construct successful routes not used before [Siegel and White, 1975, Evans, 1980] Also, access to survey views or maps of a space can enable wayfinding performance similar to that afforded by route following experiences [Thorndyke and Hayes Roth, 1982, Golledge et al. 1995] These abilities have special meaning in an information space. If information access is ....

Siegel, A. W. and White, S. H. (1975). The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 10:9--55.

....DRAFT: January 11, 2001 2 Figure 1: A large scale cognitive map has a skeleton of major paths. The graphical conventions for emphasizing major streets and highways on a printed map are related, but not identical to the skeleton of the cognitive map. 2 The Topological Map It is widely accepted [7, 10] that the cognitive map includes a topological level of description, in which places (0 D) paths (1 D) and regions (2 D) are symbolically described and linked by relations such as connectivity, order and containment. Metrical relationships such as distance and direction may also be associated ....

A. W. Siegel and S. H. White. The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. In H. W. Reese, editor, Advances in Child Development and Behavior, volume 10. Academic Press, New York, 1975.

....this environment can be navigated easily by human beings. Human navigation and wayfinding in general and in built environments in particular has been studied extensively in the past in architectural design, e.g. GLM83] in Artificial Intelligence, e.g. Kui78] and in Cognitive Science, e.g. [SW75]. Notice that all those people deal with navigation in real, physically existing environments. The question I am addressing is different. The built environments this paper is dealing with do not (physically) exist yet. Consequently, the approach I am proposing cannot rely on observations in ....

A. Siegel and S. White. The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments, volume 10, pages 9--55. Academic Press, 1975.

....be of great practical value. Human navigation and wayfinding in general and in built environments in particular has been studied extensively in the past in architectural design, e.g. GLM83, GBL86] in Artificial Intelligence, e.g. Kui78, MD84, LZ89, Eps97] and in Cognitive Science, e.g. [SW75, Gol92, HH93]. Notice that all those people deal with navigation in real, physically existing environments. The question addressed in this paper is different. The built environments this paper is dealing with do not (physically) exist yet. Consequently, our approach cannot rely on observations in reality. The ....

A. Siegel and S. White. The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments, volume 10, pages 9--55. Academic Press, 1975.

....future designs. We wanted to know whether organizing strategies were based on frequency, size, type of content or time. While the art gallery metaphor suggests use of the walls over the floor and ceiling, previous research suggests that certain bodily axes are considered primary in the real world [8, 19]. We wanted to know if participants organizing strategies and subsequent retrieval performance Figure 4. Ordered stack, one selected window. Figure 5. Multiple selected windows. 5 and representation of the space related to properties of the metaphor or to up down, front back and left right ....

....closest, and so on) Ninety two per cent of the placement errors were due to drawing tasks on the wrong wall. Only eight percent of these errors were due to drawing tasks in the wrong relative depth order (t (5) 2.74, p . 05) This is consistent with the literature on memory for spatial arrays [8, 19], which finds that front back relations are easier to represent than left right relations. This supports our design by showing that users leverage the front back relations afforded by the use of 3D to represent and recall task location. User Satisfaction Ratings Overall, user satisfaction ....

Siegel, A., & White, S. The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. In H. Reese (Ed.), Advances in child development and behavior, 10, (1975), pp. 9-55. NY: Academic Press.

....with the current location in the world. Error recovery was again invoked as another fundamental cross cutting task. Psychology of Navigation Hirtle presented an overview, prepared with Dahlbck, on the psychology of navigation in the real. In the real world people use landmark, route and survey [8]. Landmarks are conceptually and perceptually distinct locations. Route knowledge is understanding of the environment described in terms of paths between locations and relative to locations along those paths. Survey knowledge describes the relationships among locations, e.g. in the form of maps. ....

Siegel, A. W., White, S. H. (1975). The Development of Spatial Representations of LargeScale Environments. In Reese, H. W. (Ed.). Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Vol.

.... for getting from one place to another, topological network maps of an environment, and geometrical models of the environment [67] Children exhibit qualitatively different types of behavior as they grow and develop, acquiring the ability to construct and use different forms of spatial knowledge [79, 89]. There are several different types of spatial knowledge, distinguished by the nature of the interaction between the agent and the environment. This paper focuses primarily on large scale space, which is defined as space whose structure is at a much larger scale than the sensory horizon of the ....

A. W. Siegel and S. H. White. The development of spatial representations of largescale environments. In H. W. Reese, editor, Advances in Child Development and Behavior, volume 10. Academic Press, New York, 1975.

.... salient points of reference in the environment, 2) route knowledge puts landmarks into a sequence (e.g. navigation paths) and (3) survey or configurational knowledge allows people to locate landmarks and routes within a general frame of reference (i.e. incorporating Euclidean measurements) (Siegel and White 1975). The cognitive abilities depend on the task at hand. Finding one s way in a street network (Timpf et al. 1992, Car 1996) uses a different set of cognitive abilities than navigating from one room to another in a house. People are usually good in applying their individual skills to the task at ....

A. Siegel and S. White (1975) The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. in: H. Reese (Ed.), Advances in child development and behavior. 10, pp. 9-55, Academic Press, New York.

....is based on a consistent use and organization of definite sensory cues from the external environment. The ultimate goal of human wayfinding is to find the way from one place to another. People need to have spatial knowledge which is assumed to consist of landmark, route, and survey knowledge (Siegel and White 1975) and various cognitive abilities, such as recognizing objects, in order to succeed in wayfinding. It is further assumed that such knowledge is represented in a cognitive map, which is a mental representation that corresponds to people s perception of the real world, although other metaphors, ....

A. Siegel and S. White (1975) The development of spatial representations of largescale environments. in: H. Reese (Ed.), Advances in child development and behavior. 10, Academic Press, New York.

No context found.

Siegel, A., & White, S. (1975). The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. In H. Reese (Ed.), Advances in Child Development & Behavior (pp. 9-55). New York: Academic Press.

No context found.

A.W. Siegel, S. White, The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments, in: H. Reese (Ed.), Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Vol. 10, Academic Press, New York, 1975, pp. 9--55.

No context found.

A. W. Siegel and S. H. White. The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. In H. W. Reese, editor, Advances in Child Development and Behavior, volume 10. Academic Press, New York, 1975.

No context found.

A. W. Siegel and S. H. White, "The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments," in Advances in Child Development and Behavior, H. W. Reese, Ed. New York: Academic Press, 1975, vol. 10.

No context found.

A.W. Siegel and S. White. The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. In H. Reese, editor, Advances in child development and behavior, volume 10, pages 9--55. Academic Press, 1975.

No context found.

A. W. Siegel and S. H. White. The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. In H. W. Reese, editor, Advances in Child Development and Behavior, volume 10. Academic Press, New York, 1975.

No context found.

Siegel, A.W., White, S.H.: The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments. In Reese, H.W., ed.: Advances in child development and behavior. Volume 10. Academic Press, New York (1975) 9--55

No context found.

Siegel, A.W.; White, S.H., (1975): The Development of Spatial Representations of Large-Scale Environments. In: Reese, H.W. (Ed.), Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 10. Academic Press, New York, pp. 9-55.

No context found.

Siegel, A. W., & White, S. H. (1975). The Development of Spatial Representations of LargeScale Environments. In H. W. Reese (Ed.), Advances in Child Development and Behavior (Vol. 10, pp. 9-55). New York: Academic Press.

No context found.

Siegel, A.W. and White, S.H., The development of spatial representations of largescale environments, in Reese, H.W. (ed.), Advances in child development and behavior, Vol. 10, New York: Academic Press 1975

No context found.

Siegel, A.W., and White, S.H., (1975). The Development of Spatial Representation of Large-Scale Environments. In H.W. Reese (Ed.), Advances in Child Development and Behavior. New York: Academic Press.

First 50 documents

Online articles have much greater impact   More about CiteSeer.IST   Add search form to your site   Submit documents   Feedback  

CiteSeer.IST - Copyright Penn State and NEC