C. Small and M. Seltzer. VINO: An integrated platform for operating systems and database research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Cambridge, MA, 1994.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....from installation to installation, and grow worse when they vary dynamically. Much of the operating systems research in the past decade has investigated alternative approaches to addressing these diverse requirements. A promising approach is to incorporate customizability into system structure [6, 16, 35, 47, 52]. A customizable operating system can be tuned for the currently observed common conditions. In most implementations of this approach, the ability to be customized is designed into the operating system, but the actual customized code is written by experts and manually injected into the system. We ....

....or to implement additional functionality in an existing system. Building customizable operating systems using open implementations has been an active area of research in the last decade. Examples of such customizable operating systems include SPIN [6] Exokernel [16] the Flux OSKit [18] Vino [52], SLIC [21] Choices [7] and Apertos [64] In customizable operating systems correctness depends on extensions not being able to affect parts of the system beyond the extension s scope. SPIN provides such protection through the use of a type safe programming language combined with a dispatcher ....

Small, C. and M. Seltzer. VINO: An Integrated Platform for Operating System and Database Research. TR-30-94, Harvard University, Electrical Engineering Computer Science. Cambridge, MA. 1994.

....extensibility. We build on that work by adopting the same model for the network nodes willing to run a new operating system. However, those approaches do not cope with legacy systems nor do they provide a clean model to organize how, when, and what should be adapted. 11 SPIN [B 95] and VINO [SS94b] are adaptable systems which download code into the kernel to allow system extensions. We also build on their work, and employ code downloading (through the network) to install new components into 2K nodes. We also borrowed concepts from object oriented operating systems. Choices and its ....

Christopher Small and Margo Seltezer. Vino: An integrated platform for operating system and database research. Technical report, Computer Science Laboratory, Hardvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, 1994.

....6. Related Work Our work builds on previous and ongoing research in a number of different areas including operating system architecture, computational grids, configurable middleware, mobile agents, dynamic security, dynamic configuration, and software architecture. SPIN [2] and VINO [26] are adaptable systems which load code into the kernel to allow system extensions. We build on their work, and employ code downloading (through the network) to install new components into 2K nodes. Choices and its derivatives [3] implement operating system services by means of a collection of ....

C. Small and M. Seltezer. VINO: An Integrated Platform for Operating System and Database Research. Technical report, Computer Science Laboratory, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, 1994.

....of thousands of lines of code. Consequently, it is extremely difficult to add significant new functionality to these systems [16, 1, 42] In response to this problem, a number of recent research projects have addressed the issue of extensible operating systems; these include SPIN [7, 5] VINO [45, 41], Exokernel [20] Lipto [17] and Fluke [21] This paper addresses the problem of providing extensibility for existing production operating systems such as Solaris, through the technique of interposition on existing kernel interfaces. Interposition is useful as an extension mechanism because it is ....

....system or its applications. Over the years, a number of systems have attempted to reduce the cost of adding new kernel functionality by restructuring the operating system with extensibility as a design goal. Systems built using this approach include Hydra [53] 1 Mach [1] SPIN [7, 5] VINO [45, 41], Exokernel [20] Lipto [17] and Fluke [21] Many of these systems have successfully demonstrated greatly reduced costs of adding new functionality. However, the cost of starting over from scratch can be prohibitive; for example, Microsoft has spent over 300M developing Windows NT [55] Thus, it ....

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Christopher Small and Margo Seltzer. VINO: An Integrated Platform for Operating System and Database Research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Harvard, October 1994.

....to accommodate every application must anticipate all possible needs. The implementation of such an interface would need to resolve all tradeoffs and anticipate all ways the interface could be used. Experience suggests that such anticipation is infeasible and that the cost of mistakes is high [3, 9, 16, 25, 43, 79]. The exokernel architecture attacks this problem by giving untrusted application code as much safe control over resources as possible, thereby allowing orders of magnitude more programmers to innovate and use innovations, without compromising system integrity. It does so by dividing ....

....81] database systems exploit it to enrich queries and extend data types, and more recently web browsers and servers have used it to extend their base functionality. A variety of operating systems have allowed applications to download untrusted code into them as a way to extend their functionality [9, 22, 25, 32, 48, 71, 79, 80, 92]. This chapter documents experiences drawn from the exokernel systems described in this thesis. These experiences cover a period of four years, and span numerous rethinkings of the role of downloaded code, and, as well, much belated realization of its implications and misuses. The ability to ....

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C. Small and M. Seltzer. Vino: an integrated platform for operating systems and database research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Harvard, 1994.

....work Most OS researchers have realized this problem of high startup cost, and have resorted to cannibalizing BSD, Mach, or other freely available OSes rather than reinventing the wheel. Mach used BSD, Linux [13] and vendors device drivers; SPIN [3] uses device drivers from FreeBSD; and VINO [17] takes its device drivers, bootstrap code, and lowlevel support for virtual memory from NetBSD. While this approach saves time, the developer must manually examine and dissect the old OS; it would save even more time if the developer could simply obtain a set of clearly documented components. It ....

....expertise is in areas other than operating systems, e.g. programming language researchers who wish to explore the effects of higher level languages running directly on the hardware. This is the purpose of the Flux OS Toolkit. Recent research projects such as Exokernel [6] SPIN [3] and VINO [17], focus on creating extensible systems which allow applications to modify the behavior of the core OS to suit their particular needs. However, these systems still define a particular, fixed set of core functionality and a set of policies by which the core can be used and extended. The OS ....

C. Small and M. Seltzer. VINO: An Integrated Platform for Operating System and Database Research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Harvard University, 1994.

....the range of possible extensions. Second, the interface between the language s programming environment and the rest of the system is generally narrow, making system integration difficult. Finally, interpretation overhead may be a limiting factor to performance. Several projects [Luc94, EKO94, SS94] are exploring the use of software fault isolation [WLAG93] to allow application code, written in any language, to be linked into the kernel s virtual address space. Software fault isolation relies on a binary rewriting tool that inserts explicit checks on memory references and branch ....

....low latency access to hardware resources. Unlike the SPIN kernel, which provides extension oriented facilities for logical protection domains and event binding, their system provides no abstractions beyond those minimally provided by the hardware [EK95] Several systems [CHL91, RDH 80, Mos94, SS94] like SPIN, have leveraged type safety to build an extensible system. Pilot, for example, was a single address space system which ran programs written in Mesa [GMS77] a high level systems programming language which is an ancestor of Modula 3 [Nel91] In general, systems such as Pilot have ....

Christopher Small and Margo Seltzer. VINO: An Integrated Platform for Operating System and Database Research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Harvard University, 1994.

....of code. Consequently, it is extremely difficult to add significant new functionality to these systems [15, 1, 40] In response to this problem, a number of recent research projects have explored novel operating system architectures to support untrusted extensions; these include SPIN [7, 5] VINO [43, 39], Exokernel [19] Lipto [16] and Fluke [20] Unfortunately, the architectures employed by these projects required substantial implementation effort and are not generally available in commodity systems. In contrast, by leveraging the technique of interposition, our extension mechanism requires ....

....the operating system has been taken by a number of systems over the years which have attempted to reduce the cost of adding new operating system functionality by restructuring the operating system to be extensible. Systems built using this approach include Hydra [50] Mach [1] SPIN [7, 5] VINO [43, 39], Exokernel [19] Lipto [16] and Fluke [20] While many of these systems have successfully demonstrated greatly reduced costs of adding new functionality, the cost of wholesale replacement of existing commodity operating systems prohibitive; for example, Microsoft has spent over 300M developing ....

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Christopher Small and Margo Seltzer. VINO: An Integrated Platform for Operating System and Database Research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Harvard, October 1994.

....The unsafe Modula 3 measurements, which omit all dynamic checks, are included to demonstrate the baseline performance of the compilers in relation to GCC. Our benchmarks consist of common operating system tasks and typical operating system extensions [Bershad et al. 95, Campbell Tan 95, Small Seltzer 94] MD5 is a digital signature algorithm [Rivest 92] implemented in Modula 3. It is very array intensive which results in the DEC SRC compiler placing 10 range checks in its inner loop. However, redundant bounds check elimination in Vortex is able to eliminate all but one of these checks and reduce ....

Small, C. and Seltzer, M. VINO: An Integrated Platform for Operating System and Database Research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Harvard University, 1994.

....be labeled as the World Wide Wait. 1 Background In designing web servers, there are three possible approaches [Kaashoek 1996] They are designing a server on a generic operating system, a server on an operating system tailored for this single application or an extensible operating system like VINO [VINO 1994]. Regardless of the approach, investigation of server resource usage in order to identify bottlenecks and anticipate performance problems is quite important [Mogul 1995] A vital source of interest is caching and prefetching techniques. Caching and prefetching are not new techniques 2 but have ....

Small, C. and Seltzer, M. Vino: An integrated platform for operating system and database research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Harvard, 1994.

....approach can simplify the construction of server applications, but seriously compromises performance by forcing them to use overly general OS abstractions. These abstractions frequently provide an order of magnitude less performance (for primitive operations) than is available from the hardware [2, 8, 10, 13, 22, 23]. Furthermore, these abstractions are usually high level, directly preventing servers from exploiting domain specific knowledge. With this approach, achieving high performance generally requires very powerful hardware (e.g. Alta Vista [7] which uses 12 state of the art Alpha CPUs and over 7 GB ....

....building libraries that simplify the construction of highly specialized server applications that deliver the full hardware performance. Although we use the exokernel as a platform for building server OSs, it is likely that other extensible operating systems (e.g. Spin [2] Cache Kernel [5] Vino [23]) could also provide the necessary base support. Some of the extensible abstractions that we are developing could even be added to a conventional OS (e.g. UNIX or Windows NT) The contributions of this paper are threefold. First, we describe and argue for server operating systems as a better way ....

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C. Small and M. Seltzer. Vino: an integrated platform for operating systems and database research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Harvard, 1994.

....to either the operating system or its applications. Over the years, a number of systems have attempted to reduce the cost of adding new operating system functionality by re engineering the operating system to be extensible. Systems built using this approach include Hydra [48] SPIN [5] VINO [36], Exokernel [14] and Fluke [15] While many of these systems have successfully demonstrated greatly reduced costs for adding new functionality, the initial cost of replacing existing commodity operating systems is prohibitive; for example, Microsoft spent over 300M developing Windows NT [50] ....

....the kernel code writable. Managing shadow structures for processes and threads complicates SLIC and increases kernel memory consumption. Adding a hook to the kernel s process and thread structures would eliminate these problems. 6 Related Work There has been a considerable amount of recent work [36, 5, 14, 15] that has explored novel kernel designs for extensible operating systems. Of these systems, SPIN [5] and VINO [36] are the closest in concept to our work. Both offer extensibility through interposition on a number of kernel interfaces, but have explicitly crafted those interfaces for ....

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Christopher Small and Margo Seltzer. VINO: An Integrated Platform for Operating System and Database Research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Harvard, October 1994.

....hardware primitives rather than extending a traditional operating system in a secure way. Because the exokernel low level primitives are simple compared to traditional kernel interfaces, they can be made very fast. Therefore, the exokernel has less use for kernel extensions. Scout [25] and Vino [46] are other current extensible operating systems. These systems are just beginning to be constructed, so it is difficult to determine their relationship to exokernels in general and Aegis in particular. SPACE is a submicro kernel that provides only low level kernel abstractions defined by the ....

C. Small and M. Seltzer. Vino: an integrated platform for operating systems and database research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Harvard, 1994.

No context found.

Small, C., Seltzer, M., "VINO: An Integrated Platform for Operating System and Database Research," Harvard University Computer Science Technical Report TR-30-94 (1994).

....implementations and interfaces for arbitrating access to resources. This lack of a common resource management interface limits the opportunities for code re use, and, where only a subset of the database resource management interface is implemented, limits operating system functionality. VINO [Small94], a new operating system under development at Harvard University, exploits this common ground between operating systems and database systems. In VINO, all resources are managed through a Universal Resource Interface (URI) This interface is explicitly modeled after the resource management ....

Chris Small, Margo Seltzer, "VINO: An Integrated Platform for Operating System and Database Research," Harvard Computer Science Technical Report TR-30-94, 1994.

No context found.

C. Small and M. Seltzer. VINO: An integrated platform for operating systems and database research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Cambridge, MA, 1994.

No context found.

Christopher Small and Margo Seltzer. VINO: An Integrated Platform for Operating System and Database Research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Harvard, October 1994.

No context found.

Christopher Small and Margo Seltzer. VINO: An Integrated Platform for Operating System and Database Research. Technical Report TR-30-94, Harvard, October 1994.

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Small C. and Seltzer M., "VINO: an Integrated Platform for Operating Systems and Database Research." Tech. Rep. TR-30-94, Harvard, 1994.

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