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Cockburn, A.; McKenzie, B.: What Do Web Users Do? An Empirical Analysis of Web Use. Int. Journal of HumanComputer Studies, 54(6), 2001, pp. 903-922.

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Browsing Icons: A Task-Based Approach for a Visual Web History - Mayer (2001)   (1 citation)  (Correct)

....common but surprisingly difficult task. In a study done with 23 subjects over six weeks in 1996, Tauscher and Greenberg found that 58 of an individual s pages are revisits [31] A more recent study of Cockburn and McKenzie in 2000 with 17 subjects over four months found this number to be 80 ([11]) In the 10 th GVU WWW User Survey, 16.6 of 3,291 users mentioned not being able to return to an already visited page as one of the biggest problems of web usage [19] Another 27.6 mentioned not being able to efficiently organize the retrieved information to be one of the biggest problems. In ....

...., 18] Bookmarks or Favorites for long term revisits require explicit action as well as the ability to know in advance that a certain page will be of interest in the future. Since bookmark lists grow with a fairly constant rate of about one page every five days [1] they are hard to maintain. [11] show that bookmarks contain about 5 duplicates and 25 invalid references. Finally, textual history lists are hard to scan and filter and in the case of Netscape even difficult to access. Any minor inefficiency in revisitation support will result in a massive productivity loss when multiplied ....

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Cockburn, A., & McKenzie, B. (2001). What DoWeb Users Do? An Empirical Analysis of Web Use. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, (in press).


How People Recognize Previously Seen Web Pages from.. - Kaasten, Greenberg.. (2001)   (1 citation)  (Correct)

....distribution of all pages (Figure 7b) For pages with titles, the mean title length is 31. For all pages, the mean URL length is 40 (standard deviation=22 for both) Discussion. 30 of these pages did not have titles. This is much higher than a recent finding that only 5 of pages lack rifles [4]. It could be that our logs included rifle less popup advertisement windows often raised as a side effect of visiting a page. Clearly, this needs more study. Still, we can conclude that the overall recognition of pages by its title is between 5 30 worse than shown in Figure 5 and Table 2. ....

Cockbum, A., and McKenzie, B. What do Web users do? An Empirical Analysis of Web Use. Int J. HumanComputer Studies 54(6), 903-922. 2000.


Gesture Navigation: An Alternative `Back' for the Future - Moyle, Cockburn (2002)   (1 citation)  Self-citation (Cockburn)   (Correct)

....back to previously visited pages is an extremely common activity in web use. In their study of three weeks of client side logs of web use, Catledge and Pitkow [2] found that, on average, each user visited 58 of URLs more than once. In a more recent four month study, Cockburn and McKenzie [3] found a revisitation rate of 81 : four out of five page visits are to pages previously seen by the user. Web browsing applications support many mechanisms for revisiting web pages, including favorites (or bookmarks) history tools, and the back button. The back button is a dominant source of ....

....and both experiments, the mean task completion time was 6.63 (s 0.97) seconds. Considering that both experiments involved displaying a total of nine pages this task completion time may seem unrealistically low. Prior research, however, indicates that web browsing is a surprisingly rapid activity [3], with a high percentage of page visits lasting less than one second. Although most subjects had little to no difficulty in learning to make valid gestures, one subject persisted in making slow and deliberate gestures, even when the importance of rapid flicks was stressed. His mean time for ....

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Cockburn, A. and McKenzie, B. What Do Web Users Do? An Empirical Analysis of Web Use. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 54, 6, 903--922, 2001.


Data Cleaning Methods for Client and Proxy Logs - Harald Weinreich Vsis (2006)   (Correct)

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Cockburn, A.; McKenzie, B.: What Do Web Users Do? An Empirical Analysis of Web Use. Int. Journal of HumanComputer Studies, 54(6), 2001, pp. 903-922.


Interactive Web Usage Mining with the Navigation Visualizer - Herder, Weinreich (2005)   (Correct)

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Cockburn, A. and McKenzie, B. What Do Web Users Do? An Empirical Analysis of Web Use. Intl. J. HumanComputer Studies 54 (6), (2000). 903-922.


Task Demands and Memory in Web Interaction: A Levels of.. - Oulasvirta (2004)   (Correct)

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Cockburn, A., McKenzie, B. (2001). What do web users do? An empirical analysis of web use. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 54, 903-922.


Analysis of User Web Traffic with a Focus on Search Activities - Qiu, Liu, Cho   (Correct)

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A. Cockburn and B. McKenzie. What do Web users do? an empirical analysis of Web use. Int. J. Human Computer Studies, 54:903 -- 922.


A Multi-agent System for Collaborative Bookmarking - Kanawati, Malek   (Correct)

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# A. Cockburn, B. McKenzie. What Do Web Users Do? An Empirical Analysis of Web Use. In International Journal on Human-Computer Studies, 2000.


Navigating the World-Wide-Web - Levene, Wheeldon (2003)   (Correct)

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A. Cockburn and B. McKenzie. What do web users do? An empirical analysis of web use. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 54:903--922, 2001.

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