| Karcher, B.; and Fahey, D. W. 1997: The Role of Sulfur Emission in Volatile Particle Formation in Jet Aircraft Exhaust Plumes. Geophys. Res. Lett., vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 389--392. |
.... in the coming years, as air traffic increases (Friedl 1997) Aircraft are prolific sources of both soot and sulfate particles to the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (Fahey, Keim, and Chan 1995; Anderson, Cofer, and Brunke 1998; Anderson, Cofer, and Hudgins 1998; Miake Lye et al. 1998; Karcher and Fahey 1997). These particles may have an impact upon climate through direct absorption reflectance of solar radiation (Pueschel et al. 1992) by altering cirrus cloud formation, reflectance, or duration; or by providing additional surface area upon which heterogeneous chemical processes, such as ozone ....
Karcher, B.; and Fahey, D. W. 1997: The Role of Sulfur Emission in Volatile Particle Formation in Jet Aircraft Exhaust Plumes. Geophys. Res. Lett., vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 389--392.
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