| Hagen, D.; Whitefield, P.; Paladino, J.; Trueblood, M.; and Lilenfeld, H. 1998: Particulate Sizing and Emission Indices for Jet Engine Exhaust Sampled at Cruise. Geophys. Res. Lett., vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 1681--1684. |
....in test cells. Because the soot and sulfate particles within fresh plumes typically range from a few to a few tens of nanometers in diameter, measurement approaches are very limited. Butanolbased condensation nuclei counters (CNCs) have been used in a majority of aircraft emission studies (e.g. Hagen et al. 1998; Anderson, Cofer, and Brunke 1998; Anderson, Cofer, and Hudgins 1998; Fahey, Keim, and Chan 1995; Twohy, Gandrud, and Weinheimer 1998) Size distributions are obtained either using an electrostatic differential mobility analyzer coupled to a CNC (Hagen et al. 1998) or by employing a battery of ....
.... aircraft emission studies (e.g. Hagen et al. 1998; Anderson, Cofer, and Brunke 1998; Anderson, Cofer, and Hudgins 1998; Fahey, Keim, and Chan 1995; Twohy, Gandrud, and Weinheimer 1998) Size distributions are obtained either using an electrostatic differential mobility analyzer coupled to a CNC (Hagen et al. 1998) or by employing a battery of CNCs with different lower size cut offs (Anderson, Cofer, and Brunke 1998; Anderson, Cofer, and Hudgins 1998; Cofer, Anderson, and Bagwell 1998; Brock et al. 2000) For composition information, samples are typically delivered to a pair of identical CNCs, one with an ....
Hagen, D.; Whitefield, P.; Paladino, J.; Trueblood, M.; and Lilenfeld, H. 1998: Particulate Sizing and Emission Indices for Jet Engine Exhaust Sampled at Cruise. Geophys. Res. Lett., vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 1681--1684.
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