F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The Timed Asynchronous Distributed System Model. In IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, pages 642--657, June 1999. Home/Search Document Details and Download
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Active Disk Paxos with infinitely many processes - Chockler, Malkhi (2002) (5 citations) (Correct)
....of a consensus decision alone (safety) the difficulty is in guaranteeing progress in face of uncertainty regarding process failures. The usual approaches to circumventing Consensus impossibility include strengthening the basic model by assuming different degrees of synchrony (see e.g. [16, 17, 14]) augmenting the system with unreliable failure detectors [10] and employing randomization (see a survey in [13] Specifically, our solution uses one of the most widely deployed implementations of the state machine replication [30, 45] the Paxos algorithm [31, 32, 15, 34] At the core of Paxos ....
....in order to guarantee progress, it must eventually and for a sufficiently long time provide an exclusive leader. For many years, the distributed computing community identified various building blocks that guarantee such progress. The semi synchronous (likewise the timed asynchronous) model [14] does this by stipulating that the system goes through stability periods in which the system is synchronous, and that are long enough to elect a leader. The failure detectors approach initiated by Chandra and Toueg in [10] formally models the minimal conditions that guarantee that (eventually) a ....
F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The Timed Asynchronous distributed system model. In Proceedings of the 28th Annual International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing, June 1998.
Intrusion-Tolerant State Transfer For Group Communication Systems - Gupta (2003) (Correct)
....system (IT GCS) used in the ITUA architecture is based on the following assumptions. System Model and Assumptions The IT GCS is based on a distributed system that consists of multiple hosts running several processes communicating over an unreliable network. The system is timed asynchronous [CF99] Specifically, it is asynchronous in the sense that it does not require the existence of upper bounds on message transmission and scheduling delays. However, processes have access to local hardware clocks (which need not be synchronized) Time outs are defined for message transmission and ....
Flaviu Cristian and Christof Fetzer. The Timed Asynchronous Distributed System Model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 10(6):642-- 657, 1999.
A Survey of Dependability Issues in Mobile Wireless Networks - Basile, Killijian, Powell (2003) (1 citation) (Correct)
....two membership protocols that have been designed by the Transis group. Congress provides a simple group membership protocol, while Moshe extends Congress to provide a full group communication service. Cristian [63] proposes three group membership specification for the timed asynchronous model [64] with three different consistency guarantees: group agreement, majority agreement, strict agreement. The group agreement represents a partitionable group membership specification and is described in the following. It is assumed that a unique service S is implemented by servers replicated on a ....
....of safety in a group membership determination by assuming a maximum speed for mobile nodes and, hence, incrementing D with an safety term D so as to take into account a worst case scenario. The group membership layer communication, atop of the proximity layer, is modeled as timed asynchronous [64]. This is because communication between nodes participating in group communication is not the same as the point to point communication at the proximity layer and, so, messages may have finite but unpredictable delays. The protocol proposed is based on the three round protocol described by [82] ....
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F. Cristian and C. Fetzer, "The timed asynchronous distributed system model," IEEE Trans. on Parallel and Distributed Systems, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 642--657, 1999.
A Comparison of Timed Asynchronous Systems and Asynchronous.. - Fetzer (1999) Self-citation (Fetzer) (Correct)
.... timed model is the same as the set of runs of the algorithm using the failure detector in the failure detector model for partitionable systems [1] 1 Introduction In this paper we compare two distributed system models: 1) a variant of the timed asynchronous distributed system model [8], and 2) a variant [1] of the FLP model [14] that includes failure detectors and message omission failures. In this comparison we want to address several misconceptions about the two models. In particular, we want to show that 1) the timed asynchronous distributed system model (or, short the ....
....the leader election problem [9] or the membership problem [11] problems which are not solvable in the FLP model [3] Moreover, hardware clocks can be implemented using an oscillator and a counter [13] and hence, hardware clocks are available in most distributed systems. The timed model [8] and the model of [1] are defined using different terminology and notation. In this paper we try to define a variant of the timed model (which does not support process recoveries) using a notation and terminology that is very similar to that of [1] In this way we can concentrate on the main ....
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CRISTIAN, F., AND FETZER, C. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems (Jun 1999). http://www.cs.ucsd.edu/cfetzer/MODEL.
Perfect Failure Detection in Timed Asynchronous Systems - Fetzer (2000) (5 citations) Self-citation (Fetzer) (Correct)
....F H J9xO crashed. Property Crash Accuracy implies that there exists a yl such that is crashed at . Property No Recovery states that stays crashed at all times 4Z m . Therefore, property Strong Accuracy holds. VI. TIMED SYSTEMS In timed asynchronous distributed systems [8] (short: timed systems) there exists no upper bound on the transmission delay of messages nor on the execution times of protocols. Also, computers can become transiently or permanently partitioned. Each computer has a local (unsynchronized) hardware clock. A hardware clock allows the measurement ....
....(1) A timely computer can be awakened up to time units after the scheduled wakeup time and a round trip of two timely messages can take up to time units. To make sure that two connected computers (i.e. two timely computers that can communicate with 8 each other in a timely fashion [8]) grant each other leases, F is constrained as follows: F A nq . 2) A participant can be suspected as soon as its lease expires. The protocol has to make sure that no up computer is suspected. Hence, a lease has to expire at the grantee before it expires at the granter. Hardware clocks ....
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CRISTIAN, F., AND FETZER, C. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems (Jun 1999), 642--657.
Enforcing Synchronous System Properties on Top of Timed Systems - Fetzer (2000) Self-citation (Fetzer) (Correct)
....Designer View Figure 1: The proposed transformation protocols provide the synchronous model properties on top of systems that can suffer performance and omission failures. By using a weaker system model, one can increase the coverage in comparison to the synchronous model. The timed model [4] is strictly weaker than the synchronous model. It permits an unbounded number of performance and omission failures. Consequently, the timed model does not guarantee that any operation can be performed in a timely fashion. Therefore, it is not a synchronous system model. Designers of distributed ....
....not know when it will receive event triggered messages but it knows at what times it will receive time triggered messages (unless the sender has crashed) Time triggered messages have to be scheduled beforehand while event triggered can be sent at any time. 4 Extended Timed Model A timed system [4] consists of a set of processes. Each noncrashed process has access to a local hardware clock a bounded drift rate. The value of is denoted 4 . Hardware clocks are not externally synchronized. Processes can suffer crash failures and performance failures: a non crashed process ....
F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, pages 642--657, Jun 1999.
FORTRESS: A System to Support Fail-Aware Real-Time Applications - Fetzer, Cristian (1997) (1 citation) Self-citation (Cristian Fetzer) (Correct)
....for processes and messages, one defines two thresholds . A message suffers a performance failure when its transmission delay is greater than is timely when its transmission delay is at most . A process suffers a performance failure when it experiences a scheduling delay (see [8] for a precise meaning of that) greater than time units. Otherwise, is timely. Services are typically specified by a set of properties. For example, an external clock synchronization service is specified by the following property: a clock is at any time at most some given apart from ....
....that of systems that were designed for synchronous systems [4] that is, systems with an a priori bounded failure frequency. Synchronous systems are Mars [17] XPA [20] TTP [16] and the Advanced Automation System family [6] Fortress is designed to run in timed asynchronous distributed systems [8]. In timed systems each process has a local unsynchronized hardware clock with a bounded drift rate. However, there exists no a priori bound on the failure frequency. The services of Fortress are nevertheless defined using realtime deadlines. As long as the failure frequency is within a certain ....
F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. In Proceedings of the 28th Annual International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing, Munich, Germany, Jun 1998.
The Timewheel Group Communication System - Mishra, Fetzer, Cristian (2002) (3 citations) Self-citation (Cristian Fetzer) (Correct)
....communication system. The timewheel group communication system provides four unique characteristics that distinguish it from other group communication services [12, 8, 44, 52, 9, 3, 39, 4, 21, 50, 45, 19, 5, 7] First, this system has been designed for a timed asynchronous distributed system model [18]. Timed asynchronous distributed system model has been proposed recently. It allows the construction of dependable protocols that specify what outputs and state transitions should occur in response to inputs as well as a real time interval in which these outputs and state transition will occur. ....
....and Section 8 provides a detailed performance evaluation. Section 9 describes two applications that we have constructed using the timewheel group communication service. Finally, Section 10 discusses some related issues and concludes the paper. 2 System Model The timed asynchronous system model [18] is the foundation of the timewheel group communication system. In this section we give a brief overview of the model, discuss the properties of this model, and then compare this model with the timely computing base (TCB) 51] and the approach taken by Hermant and Le Lann [32] 2.1 Assumptions A ....
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F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, pages 642--657, June 1999.
Elastic Vector Time - Fetzer, Raynal (2003) Self-citation (Fetzer) (Correct)
....by making sure i i q (see Theorem 1 in Section 2. 6) To do this, we require that action s be waiting for to be executed first (see Figure 8) 3 Implementation In Timed Asynchronous Systems We sketch how to implement elastic vector time in timed asynchronous systems [4] with hardware watchdogs and an externally synchronized clocks (e.g. see [3] The hardware watchdogs permit the implemention of a perfect fail [ a) Action A : wait [ qcH eA cH 8e )h Figure 8. Application program based on elastic vector time ure ....
F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, pages 642--657, 1999.
The Timely Computing Base: Timely Actions in the.. - Veríssimo.. (2000) (1 citation) Self-citation (Fetzer) (Correct)
.... that can be seen as precursors of the present work: the timed asynchronous model, where the system alternates between synchronous and asynchronous behavior, and where hardware clocks provide sufficient synchronism to make decisions such as detection of timing failures or fail safe shutdown [8]; the quasi synchronous model, where parts of the system have enough synchronism to perform realtime actions with a certain probability[20] All these works share a same observation: synchronism or asynchronism are not homogeneous properties of systems. That is, they vary with time, and they ....
F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, pages 642--657, Jun 1999.
Rejuvenation and Failure Detection in Partitionable Systems - Fetzer, Högstedt (2001) Self-citation (Fetzer) (Correct)
....Server and Monitor Server can monitor a large number of gateways simultaneously. By using appropriate fault tolerance mechanisms we can assume that the rejuvenation server can be made sufficiently reliable. 3 System and Failure Model We use a system model that is based on the timed model [2]. As described below, it provides the same message properties but stronger scheduling properties and clock properties. The use of stronger properties permits us to simplify the proofs of the protocols that we propose in this paper. However, these stronger conditions can be approximated in a timed ....
F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, pages 642--657, Jun 1999.
Fail-Awareness: An Approach to Construct Fail-Safe Systems - And (1997) Self-citation (Cristian Fetzer) (Correct)
.... due to the use of COTS components) That difference in the underlying assumptions results in the use of different system models for the guaranteed response paradigm (i.e. use of a synchronous system model [2] and the fail awareness paradigm (i.e. use of the timed asynchronous system model [5]) We review in this section the basic differences between these two models. 2.1 Synchronous Systems In a completely synchronous system the real time delays of all processes and all messages are within a priori known bounds and there is always a minimum number of processes that are correct. One ....
....bound) is negligible. We use the timed asynchronous distributed system model as the foundation of our work because it does not put any bound on the number of failures per time unit. For a detailed, formal description and comparison with other models like the quasi synchronous model of [24] see [5]. 2.2 Timed Asynchronous Systems The timed asynchronous system model [5] assumes that processes have access to a local unsynchronized hardware clock with a bounded drift rate, i.e. the clock proceeds within a linear envelope of real time. It uses the following failure model: processes have ....
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F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, pages 642--657, Jun 1999.
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F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The Timed Asynchronous Distributed System Model. In IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, pages 642--657, June 1999.
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F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel & Distributed Systems, 10(6):642--657, June 1999. 44
A Protocol Family for Versatile Survivable Storage.. - Goodson, Wylie.. (2003) (1 citation) (Correct)
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F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The Timed Asynchronous Distributed System Model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 10(6):642--657, June 1999.
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F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel & Distributed Systems, 10(6):642--657, June 1999.
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F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, pages 642--657, June 1999.
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F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, pages 642--657, June 1999.
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10 F. Cristian and C. Fetzer. The timed asynchronous distributed system model. IEEE Trans. Par. Dist. Sys., pages 642-657, June 1999.
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