R. Grishman and R. Kittredge. Analyzing Language in Restricted Domains. Laurence Erlbaum, 1986.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....pursue our goals unhindered by the diculties of knowledge engineering. To the extent that we can meet our research goals by building NLG systems which function well in a particular application domain, there is evidence that the knowledge engineering demands of NLG can indeed be kept in check (cf. Grishman Kittredge 1986). Presumably this is one practical reason for the emphasis on generation systems which work with particular sub languages or which ll highly constrained roles in larger contexts. However, this is not the only possible role for y While the maximum entropy principle does have an interpretation in ....

Grishman, R. & Kittredge, R. I. 1986. Analyzing language in restricted domains. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

.... linguistic parts of speech and syntactic rules (Burgin Dillon, 1992) the use of genetic algorithms such as the one provided by LUST produce grammars optimized for the particular filtering and retrieval application of interest, as well as for a particular sublanguage (Bonzi, 1990; Damerau, 1990; Grishman Kittredge, 1986; Haas He, 1993; Losee Haas, 1995) Learning the characteristics of a sublanguage has an obvious utility in supporting the discrimination between documents from different disciplines or with different stylistic characteristics (e.g. academic research vs. general non fiction, or literature ....

Grishman, R., & Kittredge, R. (Eds.). (1986). Analyzing Language in Restricted Domains. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ.

....comments in computer software can considered to be a sublanguage of the larger natural language. This helps significantly in reducing the complexities of the understanding process. A sublanguage is a subset of a natural language. It is not known how many sublanguages exist in a given language [55][65] Sublanguages emerge gradually through the use of a language in various fields by specialists in those fields. Some such sublanguages are the language of biophysics, the language of car repair manuals, and the language of naval telegraphic transmissions. In many ways, the processing of ....

Grishman, R., and Kittredge, R., Eds., Analyzing Language in Restricted Domains, Lawrence Erlbaum and Associates, New Jersey, 1986.

....(see fig. 2) ffl The first step builds a conceptual representation of the sentence, i.e. a representation of meaning in a non linguistic form: a set of frame based representations. This transformation is achieved through the application of semantic rules handling classical semantic problems (Grishman, 1986; see below, Other semantic treatments ) and with the use of a semantic lexicon. ffl From the conceptual representation of the sentence, a situational model is assembled. Central to this representation are domain objects: these will undergo evolutions inside the model which reproduce their ....

....semantic problems, to which some domain idiosyncrasies should be added. What constrains the number and kind of semantic problems is more the purpose and style of those texts, which are reports describing situations, than their belonging to a particular domain (Kittredge and Lehrberger, 1981; Grishman and Kittredge, 1986). Commitment to a single descriptive task where only declarative sentences are used restricts the number of semantic problems to be solved. This corpus study gives a first account on the complexity of the task, as well as which issues are relevant in order to understand our domain. The most ....

Grishman, R., and Kittredge, R., Eds., 1986. Analyzing Language in Restricted Domains. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

....to develop a computational model to process them. To this end, we adopted a methodology called sublanguage analysis that is based on the observation that the text generated by some specific group of people with common purposes includes its own lexical, syntactic and semantic characteristics [Grishman, 1986]. This methodology emphasizes on intellectual analyses of target texts to generate a unique processing model so that a more effective, text type specific procedure can be devised. This approach is contrasted to that of applying a common natural language processing technique where a set of ....

....natural language processing technique where a set of general purpose techniques such as morphological analysis, a syntactic analysis, and a semantic analysis are applied in sequence. This approach has been applied to various problems such as automatic analysis of the medical treatment records [Grishman, 1986] or ambiguity resolution in semantic analysis of English compound nouns [Gay Croft, 1990] In this paper, we report on our experience in applying the sublanguage analysis methodology to the problem of extracting lexico semantic relations from titles of documents written in Korean. We went ....

Grishman, R. & Kittredge, R (1986). Analyzing Language in Restricted Domains, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

....to be gained by annotating each example. This measure could then be combined with the certainty measure in Section 6.2, to generate an even more useful active learner. We finally tried to generate a committee by giving different committee members different sets of training examples as suggested in Matan (1995). Instead of using completely disjoint training sets however, we used bagging (Breiman, 1996) to divide the annotated examples into groups for each committee member. Then, to choose examples for annotation, each committee member attempts to parse the example, and the amount of disagreement among ....

....and people. Appendix A Sample Training Input This appendix contains a sampling of the sentence representation pairs from the U.S. Geography query domain used in the experiments in this research. A. 1 Original Geography Corpus The full corpus for the orginal geography corpus in English is given in Zelle (1995). Here we show some of the sentences in English, Spanish, Japanese, and Turkish, along with the logical query representation for each sentence. What is the capital of the state with the largest population Que es la capital de el estado con la poblacion mas grande Mottomo ookii jinkou ga aru shuu ....

In Grishman, R., & Kittredge, R. (Eds.), Analyzing Language in Restricted Domains, pp. 69-- 83. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ. Webster, M., & Marcus, M. (1995). Automatic acquisition of the lexical semantics of verbs from sentence frames. In Proceedings of the 27th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics.

....is that of closure, both lexical and syntactic. Lexical closure has been demonstrated by, for example, Kittredge1987] who shows that after as few as the first 2000 words of a sublanguage text, the number of new word types increases little if at all. Other work, e.g. Biber1988, Biber1989] and [Grishman and Kittredge1986] illustrates the property of syntactic closure, which means 1 We would have preferred to use a manual which originated in French to exclude all possibility of interference from a source language, but this proved impossible. Surprisingly, it appears that large French companies often have their ....

Ralph Grishman and Richard Kittredge, editors. 1986. Analyzing Language in Restricted Domains. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, New Jersey.

....mainly concerns linguistic phenomena, including syntax, semantics or pragmatics, restricted by the domain, context or discourse of the text or the utterance. In particular, sublanguage studies indicated that several kinds of restrictions or deviations are characteristic for each sublanguage [1] [2] [3] 4] Furthermore, there are some successful natural language processing systems which have explicitly or implicitly utilized sublanguage restrictions. For example, TAUM METEO [5] is a machine translation system in which the translation is aimed only at sentences in the weather forecast ....

R.Grishman, R.Kittredge ed.: "Analyzing language in restricted domains" (1986)

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R. Grishman and R. Kittredge. Analyzing Language in Restricted Domains. Laurence Erlbaum, 1986.

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Kittredge R. (1986) Analyzing Language in Restricted Domains. In "Sublanguage Description and Processing", R. Grishman & R. Kittredge, ed., Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, New-Jersey.

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Grishman R., R. Kittredge, "Analyzing language in Restricted domains", Lawrence Erlbaum, 1986.

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Grishman R and Kittredge R (eds), Analyzing Language in Restricted Domains, LEA Press, 1986.

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Grishman, R. and Kittredge, R. (1986). Analyzing Language in Restricted Domains. Erlbaum.

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Grishman, R. & Kittredge, R. (eds.) 1986. Analyzing language in restricted domains. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.

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