David R. Cheriton and Mark Gritter. TRIAD: A new nextgeneration Internet architecture, July 2000.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....connectivity. Some systems took local or fill the gap approaches, requiring changes to components within an institution s administration domain. Other systems took global approaches and require major changes to the Internet or need agreement between various institutions. For example, TRIAD [2, 8] and IP Next Layer (IPNL) 5] use name based and realm to realm routing to make inbound communications possible and propose changes to Internet protocol stack. Address Virtualization Enabling Service (AVES) 4] uses proxy and packet rewriting technique and requires changes to DNS servers and NAT ....

D. R. Cheriton, M. Gritter, "TRIAD: A New Next Generation Internet Architecture", March 2000. http://www- dsg.stanford.edu/triad/triad.ps.gz.

....the attributes have a much richer semantic and the rules can be much more complex than in i3. At the implementation level, in direct diffusion, nodes flood the interests to their neighbors, while i3 uses a lookup service to store the triggers determined based on the trigger identifier. TRIAD [3] and IPNL [9] have been recently proposed to solve the IPv4 address scarcity problem. Both schemes use DNS names rather than addresses for global identification. However, TRIAD and IPNL make different tradeoffs. While TRIAD is more general by allowing an unlimited number of arbitrarily connected ....

CHERITON, D. R., AND GRITTER, M. TRIAD: A new next generation Internet architecture, Mar. 2000. http: //www-dsg.stanford.edu/triad/triad.ps.gz.

....an identifier identifies the multicast receivers. However, unlike IP which allocates a special range of addresses (i.e. class D) to multicast, does not put any restrictions on the identifier format. In addition, has ability to support multicast groups with heterogeneous receivers. TRIAD [3] and IPNL [10] have been recently proposed to solve the IPv4 address scarcity problem. Both schemes use DNS names rather than addresses for global identification. One difference between and both TRIAD and IPNL is that the path of a packet is determined by end hosts, instead of being determined ....

D. R. Cheriton and M. Gritter. TRIAD: A new next generation Internet architecture, March 2000. http://wwwdsg. stanford.edu/triad/ triad.ps.gz.

....due to the need for consistent state maintenance. In the following, we discuss what rules must an application obey in order to be compatible with AVES. The first type of limitation is not specific to AVES, but it is a fundamental limitation of any address translation scheme such as NAT, TRIAD [3] and IPNL [6] discussed in Section 7) The main problem is that some applications break the layering semantics by exchanging lower layer information such as IP addresses and use the information directly. In [10] and [24] some NAT friendly application design guidelines are given. Because AVES ....

....that this is perhaps the best one can achieve if the initiating nonIP network has no incentive to make any upgrade. If upgrading is acceptable, higher connectivity for these cases can be achieved by extending the NAT or NAT PT gateways to implement a more sophisticated solution such as TRIAD [3] or IPNL [6] A discussion on TRIAD and IPNL can be found in Section 7. 7 Related Work In this section, we first review some well known partial work arounds to cope with the lack of in bound connectivity. Then we discuss a solution that is currently proposed in the IETF. Finally, we discuss ....

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D. R. Cheriton and M. Gritter. TRIAD: A new next generation Internet architecture, March 2000. http://www-dsg.stanford.edu/triad/ triad.ps.gz.

....session fail over code. Zhang and Dao [23] provide a user level session abstraction to support automatic fail over. The idea of exposing names to applications and invisibly translating from name to physical address or route is a core idea in the Intentional Naming system [1] and TRIAD [2]. These systems, however, are more ambitious efforts to re engineer the protocol stack. Intentional naming foregoes backwards compatibility, and both introduce translation to the routing infrastructure. 3 VIP architecture The basic idea of VIP is simple; the VIP framework identifies a machine by ....

D. Cheriton and M. Gritter. TRIAD: A new next generation Internet architecture, 2000.

....that this is perhaps the best one can achieve if the initiating nonIP network has no incentive to make any upgrade. If upgrading is acceptable, higher connectivity for these cases can be achieved by extending the NAT or NAT PT gateways to implement a more sophisticated solution such as TRIAD [4] or IPNL [8] A discussion on TRIAD and IPNL can be found in Section 7. 7 Related Work In this section, we first review some well known partial work arounds to cope with the lack of in bound connectivity. Then we will discuss a solution that is currently proposed in the IETF. Finally, we will ....

....is conceivable that the initiator side s SOCKS processing can be pushed to the initiator s edge router; in that case, existing edge routers need to be upgraded. Next we discuss two on going research projects. While their goals are different from those of AVES, they are closely related to AVES. In [4], Cheriton et al. propose a solution called TRIAD to solve the IP address scarcity problem. TRIAD makes it possible to expand the Internet by arbitrarily connecting an unlimited number of IP network realms, each with its own 32 bit address space. TRIAD uses DNS names rather than addresses for ....

D. R. Cheriton and M. Gritter. TRIAD: A new next generation Internet architecture, March 2000. http://www-dsg.stanford.edu/triad/ triad.ps.gz.

....they propagate structural information. Access routers are responsible for inserting Internet Relay Tokens into IP packets. An IRT contains the list of autonomous systems a packet is going to travel. It is source routing at the granularity of autonomous systems. The packet format is speci ed in [7], part of the Wide area Relay and Addressing Protocol (WRAP) speci cation. In essence, our routing algorithm is composed of structural information propagation, route quality monitoring, and measurement based routing preference. An access router computes two routes to every advertised network ....

D. R. Cheriton and M. Gritter. Triad: A new next-generation internet architecture. http://www.dsg.stanford.edu/triad/triad.ps.gz, July, 2000.

....server without providing any recourse for the client. Also, unless a client is statically configured with all needed anycast addresses, it must still use a directory to determine the address to use. 8 Future Directions The motivation for a content layer approach came as part of the TRIAD[2] project. TRIAD is a new, NAT friendly Internet architecture which seeks to reduce dependency on addresses by promoting names as transport layer endpoints. In a TRIAD Internet, all large scale routing would occur at the naming level. We believe this approach is ultimately more scalable and ....

David Cheriton and Mark Gritter, "TRIAD: A New Next-Generation Internet Architecture ", http://www.dsg.stanford.edu/triad, July 2000.

....server without providing any recourse for the client. Also, unless a client is statically con gured with all needed anycast addresses, it must still use a directory to determine the address to use. 8 Future Directions The motivation for a content layer approach came as part of the TRIAD[2] project. TRIAD is a new, NAT friendly Internet architecture which seeks to reduce dependency on addresses by promoting names as transport layer endpoints. In a TRIAD Internet, all large scale routing would occur at the naming level. We believe this approach is ultimately more scalable and ....

David Cheriton and Mark Gritter, \TRIAD: A New Next-Generation Internet Architecture ", http://www.dsg.stanford.edu/triad, July 2000.

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David R. Cheriton and Mark Gritter. TRIAD: A new nextgeneration Internet architecture, July 2000.

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M. Gritter and D. R. Cheriton. TRIAD: A new next-generation Internet architecture, http://www-dsg.stanford.edu/triad/, July 2000.

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D. R. Cheriton and M. Gritter. TRIAD: A New Next Generation Internet Architecture, Mar. 2001. http://www-dsg.stanford.edu/triad/ triad.ps.gz.

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M. Gritter and D. R. Cheriton. TRIAD: A new next-generation Internet architecture. http://www-dsg.stanford.edu/triad/, July 2000.

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M. Gritter and D. R. Cheriton. TRIAD: A new next-generation Internet architecture. http://www-dsg.stanford.edu/triad/, 2000.

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M. Gritter and D. R. Cheriton. TRIAD: A new next-generation Internet architecture. http://www-dsg.stanford.edu/triad/, July 2000.

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M. Gritter and D. R. Cheriton. TRIAD: A new next-generation Internet architecture. http://www-dsg.stanford.edu/triad/, 2000.

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CHERITON, D. R., AND GRITTER, M. TRIAD: A new next generation Internet architecture, Mar. 2000. http://www-dsg.stanford.edu/triad/ triad.ps.gz.

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