U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH-Aachen, 1998.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....one, the accuracy of the result may still suce. Another example, which was in fact the main motivation for us to investigate approximation in the rst place, is the computation of commonalities between concepts. This inference service is used in our chemical process engineering application [14] to support the bottom up construction of knowledge bases [6, 1] Typically, the lcs is employed to accomplish this task. Formally, the lcs of two concepts, say C 1 and C 2 , de ned in some DL L, is the most speci c concept (w.r.t. subsumption) in L that subsumes both concepts. In case L allows ....

U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH-Aachen, Germany, 1998.

....the correct one, the accuracy of the result may still suce. Another example, which was in fact the main motivation for us to investigate approximation in the rst place, is the computation of commonalities of concepts. This inference service is used in our chemical process engineering application [10] to support the bottom up construction of knowledge bases [1, 6] Typically, the lcs is employed to accomplish this task. Formally, the lcs of two concepts, say C 1 and C 2 , de ned in some DL L, is the most speci c concept (w.r.t. subsumption) in L that subsumes both concepts. In case L ....

U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. Ph.D. thesis, RWTH Aachen, 1998.

....have been proposed as successors of semantic network systems like KL ONE, with an explicit model theoretic semantics. The research on these logics has resulted in a number of automated reasoning systems [13, 14, 11] which have been successfully tested in various application domains (see e.g. [17, 18, 16]) Our long term goal is to exploit the deductive capabilities of DL systems, and show that effective reasoning can be carried out on UML class diagrams, so as to provide support during the specification phase of software development. In DLs, the domain of interest is modeled by means of concepts ....

U. Sattler. Terminological Knowledge Representation Systems in a Process Engineering Application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH-Aachen, Germany, 1998.

....rect one, the accuracy of the result may still suce. Another example, which was in fact the main motivation for us to investigate approximation in the rst place, is the computation of commonalities between concepts. This inference service is used in our chemical process engineering application [14] to support the bottom up construction of knowledge bases [1, 6] Typically, the lcs is employed to accomplish this task. Formally, the lcs of two concepts, say C 1 and C 2 , de ned in some DL L, is the most speci c concept (w.r.t. subsumption) in L that subsumes both concepts. In case L allows ....

U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH-Aachen, Germany, 1998.

.... v1 : P v 0 : r v 2 : P; Q r G(C 3 1 ) r r r r v 3 : P; Q v4 : Q v 5 : P; Q v 6 : P; Q r r r r r w 2 : P r r w1 : P; Q w 0 : G(C 3 2 ) G(C 3 3 ) x1 : P; Q x 0 : w 3 : P; Q w 4 : Q w 5 : P; Q x 2 : P; Q x3 : P x4 : Q r r y 5 : Q y 6 : P y 7 : Q r r y 9 : P y 10 : P y 11 : Q r r y 12 : Q y 13 : P y 14 : Q r r y 2 : P y 3 : P y 4 : Q r r y 0 : y 1 : P y 8 : Q r r r r r r G(C 3 1 ) Theta G(C 3 2 ) Theta G(C 3 3 ) Figure 1: Description trees of C 3 1 ; C 3 2 ; C 3 3 and their product. This example can be generalized ....

U. Sattler. Terminological Knowledge Representation Systems in a Chemical Engineering Application. PhD thesis, Department of Computer Science, RWTH Aachen, Germany, 1998. 55

....1 have been proposed as successors of semantic network systems like KL ONE, with an explicit model theoretic semantics. The research on these logics has resulted in a number of automated reasoning systems [14, 15, 12] which have been successfully tested in various application domains (see e.g. [18, 19, 17]) Our long term goal is to exploit the deductive capabilities of DL systems, and show that effective reasoning can be carried out on UML class diagrams, so as to provide support during the specification phase of software development. In DLs, the domain of interest is modeled by means of concepts ....

U. Sattler. Terminological Knowledge Representation Systems in a Process Engineering Application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH-Aachen, Germany, 1998. 16

....reasoning on UML class diagrams, so as to provide support during the speci cation phase of software development. Recently the research on DLs has resulted in a number of automated reasoning systems [15, 16, 17, 12, 13] that have been successfully tested in various application domains (see e.g. [19, 20, 18]) Such systems are candidates to form the core reasoning engine for advanced UML CASE tools. In this paper, we illustrate a formalization of UML class diagrams in terms of DLs [2] In particular, we show how UML class diagrams can be captured by knowledge bases expressed in the DL DLR [4, 3] ....

U. Sattler. Terminological Knowledge Representation Systems in a Process Engineering Application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTHAachen,

....With such a cascade of models, however, it is not clear how to bene t from one modeling stage when going into further detail on the next. In answer to this, several requirements have been identi ed for block oriented models and appropriate modelling environments in process engineering [15]: Variable granularity : The model should allow composite building blocks, i.e. blocks again comprising blocks and connections. These can be decomposed during the design phase until the desired level of detail is reached. Generic building blocks: A block in the repository should not be ....

....a cooperation between the Institute for Process Systems Engineering at RWTH Aachen, where a prototype modelling environment is being developed, and our research group, where DL systems are studied. It has already been shown that DL systems can successfully be employed for most of the above tasks [15]. Testing the developed prototype environment has provided additional insights. When designing models by means of block oriented modelling environments, process engineers showed two characteristic strategies for the design of new (generic) blocks: Bottom up design: From several existing ....

U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTHAachen, 1998

....application. On the other hand, even if it is clear which (intuitive) concepts should be introduced, it is sometimes difficult to come up with formal definitions of these concepts within the available description language. For example, in one of our applications in chemical process engineering [ Sattler, 1998; Baader and Sattler, 1996 ] the process engineers prefer to construct the knowledge base (which consists of descriptions of standard building blocks of process models, such as reactors) in the following bottom up fashion: first, they introduce several typical examples of the standard ....

U. Sattler. Terminological Knowledge Representation Systems in a Process Engineering Application. PhD thesis, RWTH Aachen, 1998.

.... proposed in the literature were applicable to sublanguages of CLASSIC, more precisely, DLs that in particular allow for number restrictions [Cohen et al. 1992; Cohen and Hirsh, 1994] More recently, motivated by the bottom up construction of knowledge bases in a chemical engineering application [Sattler, 1998; von Wedel and Marquardt, 2000] the lcs has been investigated for the DL ALE [Baader et al. 1999] which allows for existential restrictions instead of number restrictions. Although first empirical results are encouraging [Baader and Molitor, 2000] they also show that this application asks ....

U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, RWTH Aachen, 1998.

...., the resulting logic ALCNRASG is undecidable again. Obviously, since ALCRA is a sub logic of ALCRASG , ALCNRASG is undecidable as well; and the same obviously also holds for qualified number restrictions (ALCQRASG , ALCQRA ) The proof is very similar to the ones given by Sattler in [11], where it is shown that the languages ALC N (#, #) ALCN (#, #, 1 ) ALCN (#, #) and ALC N (#) are all undecidable. To obtain ALCNRASG , the syntax of concept terms is extended by incorporating the constructor called N , with the following additional concept formation rule: If ....

U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH-Aachen, 1998.

.... the combination of interval based reasoning and general TBoxes is important for many application areas such as reasoning about action and plans [Artale and Franconi,2000] The examples presented here are from the area of process engineering that was first considered by Sattler in a DL context [Sattler,1998] . However, Sattler s approach does not take into account temporal aspects of the application domain. We show how this can be done using T DL thus refining Sattler s proposal. Assume that our goal is to represent information about an automated chemical production process that is carried out by ....

U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH-Aachen, 1998.

....computing the least common subsumer [13, 14, 2, 7] In contrast to the standard inferences, algorithms that solve these nonstandard problems produce concept descriptions as output, which are then returned to the user for inspection. For example, in an application in chemical process engineering [9, 22] we try to support the bottom up construction of knowledge bases by computing most specific concepts (msc) of individuals and least common subsumers (lcs) of concepts: instead of directly defining a new concept, the knowledge engineer introduces several typical examples as individuals, which are ....

U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, RWTH Aachen, 1998. Siehe http://www-lti.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/Forschung/Papers.html.

....application. On the other hand, even if it is clear which (intuitive) concepts should be introduced, it is in general not easy to come up with formal definitions of these concepts within the available description language. For example, in one of our applications in chemical process engineering [13, 4], the process engineers prefer to construct the knowledge base (which consists of descriptions of standard building blocks of process models, such as reactors) in the following bottom up fashion: first, they introduce several typical examples of the standard building block as individuals, and ....

....the ALE ABox obtained this way. Then obviously, C Tk (a;G(A ) v C Tk (a;G(A) 6 Conclusion This work was concerned with the problem of computing most specific concepts, a non standard inference service needed in different applications, e.g. the bottom up construction of knowledge bases [3, 4, 13] or learning concept descriptions [7] Motivated by our application in chemical process engineering [3, 4, 13] we concentrated on DLs with existential restrictions. It has been shown that for ALE and even the sublanguages EL and EL: the msc need not exist. As indicated by the results for ALN [1] ....

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U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, RWTH Aachen, 1998. Siehe http://www-lti.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/Forschung/Papers.html.

....application. On the other hand, even if it is clear which (intuitive) concepts should be introduced, it is in general not easy to come up with formal definitions of these concepts within the available description language. For example, in one of our applications in chemical process engineering [16, 5], the process engineers prefer to construct the knowledge base (which consists of descriptions of standard building blocks of process models, such as reactors) in the following bottom up fashion: first, they introduce several typical examples of the standard building block as individuals, and ....

U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, RWTH Aachen, 1998.

....concrete nature. As an example, consider the modeling of manufacturing processes, where it is necessary to represent abstract entities like subprocesses and workpieces and also concrete knowledge, e.g. about the duration of processes and physical dimensions of the manufactured objects [ 2; 25 ] The standard technique for extending Description Logics to allow for the representation of concrete knowledge is to use so called concrete domains which have been introduced by Baader and Hanschke in [ 1 ] Baader and Hanschke de ne the description logic ALC(D) i.e. the extension of the ....

U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTHAachen, 1998.

....Baader et al. 1999b) In contrast to the standard inferences, algorithms that solve these nonstandard problems produce concept descriptions as output, which are then returned to the user for inspection. For example, in an application in chemical process engineering (Baader and Sattler, 1996; Sattler, 1998) we try to support the bottom up construction of knowledge bases by computing most specific concepts (msc) of individuals and least common subsumers (lcs) of concepts: instead of directly defining a new concept, the knowledge engineer introduces several typical examples as individuals, which are ....

Sattler, U. (1998). Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application.

....of aggregated objects: they allow these objects to be described by referring to their parts without specifying a level of decomposition. In [Horrocks Gough,1997] the Description Logic (DL) ALCH R is presented, which extends ALC with transitive roles and a role hierarchy. It is argued in [Sattler,1998] that ALCH R is well suited to the representation of aggregated objects in applications that require various part whole relations to be distinguished, some of which are transitive. For example, a medical knowledge base could contain the following entries defining two different parts of the ....

....the tree, or when the discovery of obvious contradictions demonstrates that D has no model. In order to prove that such an algorithm is a sound and complete decision procedure for concept satisfiability in a 2 Details that have been omitted in the interests of brevity can be found in [Horrocks Sattler,1998] . 2 R L#x#=fA; g R S L#y#= f9R:#;9P:#;8R:C; 8P:9R:#;8P:8R:C;8P:9P:#g x y z P 2 R L#z#=L#y##zblocked by y v L#v#=fCg where C : 8R , 8P , 8S , A w Figure 1: A tableau where dynamic blocking is crucial. given logic, it is necessary to demonstrate that the models it ....

U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, RWTH Aachen, 1998. To appear.

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U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH-Aachen, 1998.

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Ulrike Sattler. Terminological Knowledge Representation Systems in a Process Engineering Application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH-Aachen, Germany, 1998.

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Ulrike Sattler. Terminological Knowledge Representation Systems in a Process Engineering Application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH-Aachen, Germany, 1998.

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U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH-Aachen, 1998.

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U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. Ph.D. thesis, RWTH Aachen, 1998.

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U. Sattler. Terminological knowledge representation systems in a process engineering application. PhD thesis, RWTH Aachen, 1998. Available at http://www-lti.informatik.rwthaachen. de/Forschung/Papers.html.

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U. Sattler. Terminological Knowledge Representation Systems in a Process Engineering Application. PhD thesis, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH-Aachen, Germany, 1998.

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