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M. Karjalainen, V. Vlimki, and T. Tolonen, "Plucked string models: from Karplus-Strong algorithm to digital waveguides and beyond," Computer Music Journal, 22(3): 17--32, 1998.

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A Wavelet-Based Pitch Detector For Musical Signals - Fitch, Shabana (1999)   (1 citation)  (Correct)

....During the last two decades, physical modelling of real musical instruments has gained popularity as a tool for sound synthesis and computer music. The term physical modelling refers to the simulation of sound production mechanism and the behaviour of a real musical instrument [1] 2] [3]. In physical modelling of a guitar (as a plucked string instrument) the ideal vibrating string is considered as the main source of vibration. It satisfies the one dimensional wave equation, which can be modelled very accurately using digital wave guide techniques [4] Starting with a recorded ....

Karjalainen, M., Valimaki, V. and Tolonen, T., "Plucked string models-from Karplus-strong algorithm to digital waveguides and beyond", Computer Music Journal, 22(3): 17-32, (1998).


Unknown - Aramaki Bensa Daudet   (Correct)

....are the coupling filters. The coupling elements of the model are the filters F and H. We assume that this coupling is localised at one end of the strings, namely the bridge. The filters F and H are complex valued. This type of model has already been proposed. In particular, Tolonen and al. models [5] take into account multiple strings in the guitar case. These models can reproduce some of the effects generated by the interaction between strings. Nevertheless, as the coupling elements of the model are constant real gains, they give the same behaviour for all partials. In our model, F is ....

M. Karjalainen, V. Vlimki, T. Tolonen. "Plucked-string models: from the Karplus-Strong algorithm to digital waveguides and beyond". Comp. Mus. J., 22(3), pp 17-32 (1998).


Efficient Modeling And Synthesis Of Bell-Like Sounds - Karjalainen, Välimäki, Esquef (2002)   Self-citation (Karjalainen Valimaki)   (Correct)

....of frequency. The solid line (bottom right) is the loop gain determined with the group delay of the open loop (see Eq. 8) synthesis is consolidated in a wavetable for excitation of the filter. An advanced version of such single loop filter model for the acoustic guitar is described in [15]. Since the bell sounds are always inharmonic, the regularity of the basic digital waveguide cannot be exploited directly. A digital waveguide with smooth dispersion has been used for dispersive piano string models [16, 17] A banded waveguide structure has been suggested for producing inharmonic ....

M. Karjalainen, V. Valimaki, and T. Tolonen, "PluckedString Models, from the Karplus-Strong Algorithm to Digital Waveguides and Beyond," Computer Music Journal, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 17--32, 1998.


New Techniques and Effects in Model-Based Sound Synthesis - Karjalainen (1999)   (1 citation)  Self-citation (Karjalainen)   (Correct)

.... from a pickup point (the bridge in an acoustic guitar) The string terminations reflect most part of the traveling waves back to the string and these reflections can be modeled by filters R f (z) and R b (z) A detailed derivation of reduced string models was presented by Karjalainen et al. in [17]. It was shown how the two directional digital waveguide model can be reduced to a more efficient single delay loop (SDL) model, shown in Fig. 1b. It is computationally very ef ficient, yet complete for modeling LTI string vibration in one polarization, as far as proper parameter values of the ....

....will become more attractive. 2.1 A full scale LTI guitar model A full scale synthesis model needs more than the simplified model of Fig. 1b can provide. Figure 2 depicts a block diagram of a synthesis model for the acoustic guitar which includes the most important LTI features of the instrument [17]. As the first extension, a guitar string vibrates in two polarizations, the horizontal one in the body top plain, and the vertical one perpendicular to it. Both modes may typically have different attenuation rates and even slightly different frequencies of harmonics. This difference, when the ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

M. Karjalainen, V. Valimaki, and T. Tolonen, "Plucked string models: from Karplus-Strong algorithm to digital waveguides and beyond," Comp. Music J., vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 17--32, 1998.


Modeling of Tension Modulation Nonlinearity in Plucked.. - Tolonen, Välimäki.. (2000)   Self-citation (Karjalainen Vlimki Tolonen)   (Correct)

.... a memoryless nonlinearity for the kantele, a traditional Finnish plucked string instrument, is presented in [12] The linear digital waveguide has been extensively used for simulation of wave propagation in a string in synthesis of plucked and struck string instrument sounds; see, e.g. 5] and [13] for references. However, the vibrating string is linear only to the first approximation and, consequently, nonlinear phenomena exhibited by every real string are inherently omitted in the simulation. Perceptually, among the most relevant nonlinear phenomena of a vibrating string are pitch ....

....of the delay parameter may be identified as two TVFD structures presented in Fig. 4. The transfer functions and model the wave reflections at the fret and at the bridge, respectively. The output of the model is taken at the bridge, corresponding to the case of, e.g. the acoustic guitar [13]. For the model to be complete we need to define the two blocks of elongation approximation and delay parameter computation. A. Elongation Approximation The elongation of a string is given by (1) where it is observed that it essentially depends on the first spatial derivative of the ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

M. Karjalainen, V. Vlimki, and T. Tolonen, "Plucked string models: From Karplus--Strong algorithm to digital waveguides and beyond," Comput. Music J., vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 17--32, 1998.


Analysis And Synthesis Of The Guqin - Chinese Traditional Instrument   (Correct)

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M. Karjalainen, V. Vlimki, and T. Tolonen, "Plucked string models: from Karplus-Strong algorithm to digital waveguides and beyond," Computer Music Journal, 22(3): 17--32, 1998.


Musical Orchestration Systems in Algorithmic Research and.. - An Eu Ihp (2003)   (Correct)

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M. Karjalainen, V. V alim aki, and T. Tolonen, "Pluckedstring models: from karplus-strong algorithm to digital waveguides and beyond," Computer Music J., vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 17--32, 1998.


Synthesis Of Musical Sounds: - From Mechanical Models   (Correct)

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M. Karjalainen, V. Vlimki, T. Tolonen, PluckedString Model: from the Karplus-Strong Algorithm to Digital Waveguides and Beyond , Computer Music Journal, 22(3), pp.17-32, 1998.


Sound Synthesis By Simulation Of Physical Models Of Musical.. - Nackaerts (2003)   (Correct)

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Matti Karjalainen, Vesa Valimaki, and Tero Tolonen. Plucked-string models: From the Karplus-Strong algorithm to digital waveguides and beyond. Computer Music Journal, 22(3):17--32, Fall 1998.

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