| D. Wu, Y. T. Hou, and Y.-Q. Zhang, "Transporting Real-time Video over the Internet: Challenges and Approaches," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 88, no. 12, Dec. 2000. |
....sequences while DCT reduces the spatial redundancy. The Internet offers a constantly varying bandwidth due to its heterogeneity and congestion. The encoder needs to continuously adapt to the changes in available bandwidth while encoding a video stream for transmission over the Internet [3] 4] [5]. It is possible to adapt to small changes in bandwidth by changing the quantisation scale, which in turn affects the visual quality of the video. However, even quantisation at the highest scale may not be sufficient to produce a compressed video stream, which satisfies the available bit rate ....
Dapeng Wu, Yiwei Thomas and Ya-Qin Zhang, "Transporting Real-time Video over the Internet: Challenges and Approaches," Proceedings of IEEE, Vol. 88, December 2000.
....or bit loss) and insertions (cross talk) 11] have delay and latency, and finite bandwidth. These problems can also vary temporally. Any traffic in the network, whether it is a video stream or some other data, is subject to the constraints of the network. The performance issues of a network [10, 12] are: 1. Bandwidth Bandwidth is the amount of data that can traverse through the network or a part of the network at any given time. Network bandwidth is a shared, limited resource and will vary with time. Networks may carry multiple video streams simultaneously or carry non video data. A ....
....mentioned above, retransmission is typically not suited for video traffic because the latency involved in sending the retransmit request and reply is too great. In addition, the additional communication involved in retransmission is itself subject to error and loss. Forward error correction (FEC) [12, 25, 26] is the use of channel coding or joint source channel coding to add redundancy to the compressed bit stream so that errors can be corrected at the receiver without interaction with the source or network. The disadvantage of FEC is that additional bandwidth must be consumed for transmitting the ....
D. Wu, Y. Hou, Y. Zhang, "Transporting real-time video over the Internet: Challenges and approaches," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 88, no. 12, pp. 1855-1875, December 2000.
....delayhave devastating e ect on video presentation quality and they are usually caused by network congestion. Thus, congestion control mechanisms at end systems are necessary to help reducing packet loss and delay. Typically, for streaming video, congestion control takes the form of rate control [71]. Rate control attempts to minimize the possibility of network congestion by matching the rate of the video stream to the available network bandwidth. Next, we presentvarious approaches for rate control in Section III A.1 and describe an associated technique called rate shaping in Section ....
....the sender could regulate the rate of the video stream. The source based rate control can be applied to both unicast (see Fig. 7(a) 70] and multicast (see Fig. 7(b) 4] For unicast video, existing source based rate control mechanisms follow two approaches: probe based and model based approach [71]. The probe based approach is based on probing experiments. Speci cally, the source probes for the available network bandwidth by adjusting the sending rate in a way that could maintain the packet loss ratio # below a certain threshold # ## [70] There are twoways to adjust the sending rate: 1) ....
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D. Wu, Y. T. Hou, and Y.-Q. Zhang, \Transporting real-time video over the Internet: challenges and approaches," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 88, no. 12, Dec. 2000.
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D. Wu, Y. T. Hou, and Y.-Q. Zhang, "Transporting Real-time Video over the Internet: Challenges and Approaches," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 88, no. 12, Dec. 2000.
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D. Wu, T. Hou, and Y.-Q. Zhang, "Transporting real-time video over the Internet: Challenges and approaches, " Proceedings of the IEEE 88(12), 2000, 1855--1875.
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D. Wu, Y. T. Hou, W. Zhu, and Y.-Q. Zhang, "Transporting real-time video over the Internet: challenges and approaches," Proc. IEEE, vol. 88, no. 12, pp. 1855--1875, Dec. 2000.
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Wu, D., Hou, Y. T., Zhang, Y.-Q.: Transporting Real-time Video over the Internet: Challenges and Approaches, Proc. IEEE, vol. 88, no. 12, (2000)
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Wu D, Hou YT, Zhang Y-Q. Transporting real-time video over the Internet: challenges and approaches. Proceedings of the IEEE 2000; 88(12):1855--1877.
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D. Wu, Y. T. Hou, and Y.-Q. Zhang, "Transporting real-time video over the internet: Challenges and approaches," Proc. IEEE, vol. 88, no. 12, pp. 1855--1875, Dec. 2000.
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D. Wu, Y. T. Hou, and Y.-Q. Zhang, "Transporting real-time video over the Internet: challenges and approaches," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 88, no. 12, Dec. 2000.
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D. Wu, Y. Hou, and Y.-Q. Zhang, "Transporting Real-Time Video over the Internet: Challenges and Approaches," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 88, no. 12, pp. 1855--1875, December 2000.
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Dapeng Wu et al, "Transporting Real-Time Video over the Internet: Challenges and Approaches," Proc. of The IEEE, vol. 88, no. 12, Dec. 2000.
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D. Wu, Y. T. Hou, and Y.-Q. Zhang, "Transporting Realtime Video over the Internet: Challenges and Approaches," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 88, Dec. 2000.
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Dapeng Wu, Y. T. Hou, Ya-Qin Zhang, "Transporting Real- Time Video over the Internet: Challenges and Approaches", Proc. of the IEEE , Vol. 88, No. 12 , pp. 1855-1877, Dec. 2000
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D. Wu, Y. T. How, and Y.-Q. Zhang, \Transporting real-time video over the Internet: Challenges and approaches," in Proceedings of the IEEE,vol. 88, no. 12, Dec. 2000.
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