Desimone, R. (1991). Face-selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 3, 1--8.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....of the complexity of cells preferred features and receptive field sizes as one progresses along the stream. While neurons in V1 are tuned to oriented bars and have small receptive fields, cells in IT appear to prefer more complex visual patterns such as faces (for a review on face cells, see [15]) and respond over a wide range of positions and scales, pointing to a crucial role of IT cortex in object recognition (as confirmed by a great number of physiological, lesion and neuropsychological studies [50, 94] These findings naturally prompted the question of how cells tuned to views of ....

Desimone, R. (1991). Face-selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 3, 1--8.

.... to oriented bars, neurons along the ventral stream [45, 58, 38] show an increase in receptive field size as well as in the complexity of their preferred stimuli [32] At the top of the ventral stream, in anterior inferotemporal cortex (AIT) cells are tuned to complex stimuli such as faces [21, 8, 7, 46]. The tuning of the view tuned and object tuned cells in AIT depends on visual experience as shown by [37] and supported by [33, 10, 37, 2] A hallmark of these IT cells is the robustness of their firing to stimulus transformations such as scale and position changes [58, 38, 37, 45] In addition, ....

R. Desimone. Face-selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys. J. Cogn. Neurosci., 3:1--8, 1991.

....has been a good deal of investigation into human face reQ[ 3#4QU perB[ QUN#N seeking to under ]1[B and char41QUB6# thereQ1[1N tations and prQ cesses involved. Face specific cells (cells that appear to rQ] ond selectively to theprQ1B of faces) have been found in monkeys and sheep [1] [3].Pr[3] Q1]3NBQ the specific inability tor[44B6QU faces, has been identified and studied in human patients.Ther have been many interB[3BQ studies in experQ1B tal and developmental psychology that havepr6 ed the limits of human face rceQ]1[BBQU suggesting models andconstr34 ts onrQ] rQ]N ....

....been a good deal of investigation into human face reQ[ 3#4QU perB[ QUN#N seeking to under ]1[B and char41QUB6# thereQ1[1N tations and prQ cesses involved. Face specific cells (cells that appear to rQ] ond selectively to theprQ1B of faces) have been found in monkeys and sheep [1] 3] Pr[3].Q1]3NBQ the specific inability tor[44B6QU faces, has been identified and studied in human patients.Ther have been many interB[3BQ studies in experQ1B tal and developmental psychology that havepr6 ed the limits of human face rceQ]1[BBQU suggesting models andconstr34 ts onrQ] rQ]N tation ....

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R. Desimone, "Face-selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys," J. Cognitive Neuroscience, vol.3, no.1, pp.1--8, 1991.

.... [24, 46] Interestingly, data from physiology also support a view based theory: several studies have previously shown that cells in the inferotemporal cortex (IT) of macaque monkeys (an area thought to be crucial for object recognition [24, 43] respond to views of complex objects, such as faces [4, 8]. Logothetis and co workers [23] systematically studied the tuning properties of IT cells by training a monkey to perform recognition of paperclip objects, strictly controlling the object views the monkeys had been exposed to during training. Even though the monkeys had access to the full 3D ....

Desimone, R. (1991). Face-selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 3, 1--8.

....the possibility of new ways for humans to interact with computer systems. From a neurophysiological point of view face recognition appears to be very important. Experiments both in monkeys and humans show the existence of dedicated areas in the brain where neurons respond selectively to faces ([11, 17, 6]) Also it has been shown that complex visual processing related to discrimination of faces is a very rapid task that can be completed in approximately 100 msec suggesting the involvement of a feed forward neural mechanism [13] In this work we construct a modular neural network including two ....

R. Desimone. Face selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkey. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 3:1--8, 1991.

....true for a large, central region where we can identify a familiar image or object even if we don t look directly at it. A neural correlate of this phenomenon is provided by high level visual neurons like those found in area IT. IT neurons are often selective for highly structured complex images (Desimone, 1991; Logothetis et al. 1995) They may respond strongly to faces, for example, producing little or no response for a large variety of other objects. The receptive fields of these neurons are large; diameters of 60 or more are not unusual. More important than sheer size is the property that a ....

Desimone, R. (1991) Face-selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys. J. Cognit. Neurosci. , 3: 1--8.

....using human psychophysical evidence might outperform other algorithms. This summary focuses on the following five papers: Face Selective Cells in the Temporal Cortex of Monkeys : A critical analysis of the evidence for face neurons, focusing on neurophysiological experiments performed in monkeys [1]. Eigenfaces for Recognition : One of the most popular biologically inspired face recognition systems, based on the principal component analysis algorithm (PCA) 2] Face Recognition by Elastic Bunch Graph Matching : A different biologically motivated algorithm which relies on features ....

....of face recognition was published in a 1991 special issue of the Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. In that issue, Robert Desimone presented a critical review of the neurophysiological evidence for face detector cells and discussed how these results relate to biological models of face detection [1]. The first face detection cells were discovered by Gross et al. 6] in a survey of the monkey inferior temporal cortex. Along with cells that seemed to respond best to faces, they reported a 1 neuron tuned to detect hands, specifically monkey hands. This discovery reawakened interest in ....

R. Desimone. Face-selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 3(1), 1998.

....of visual stimuli; the ventral stream, which projects to the inferior temporal cortex (IT) processes information about the physical features of visual objects. There are neurons in the inferior temporal lobes that respond to specific features of visual objects, some as specific as hands or faces [9,13]. IT neurons that code a specific feature show altered firing if that feature is task relevant, that is if it is a target in the monkey s task [10,12] However, the pattern of IT firing to task relevant stimuli indicates that this altered firing cannot be regulated by IT neurons alone but requires ....

Desimone, R., Face-selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys, J. Cognit. Neurosci., 3 (1991) 1-8.

....http: www.mpik tueb.mpg.de projects TechReport list.html. 1 Introduction The primate temporal lobe has long been implicated in the recognition of objects (Ungerleider Mishkin, 1982; Goodale Milner, 1992) Single cell recording in this area has revealed neurons responsive to images of faces (Desimone, 1991; Rolls, 1992) and other, more abstract image features (Tanaka et al. 1991; Miyashita Chang, 1988) Of particular interest is the ability of these cells to demonstrate a robustly invariant response to a preferred stimulus object as it undergoes large rigid transformations in size, rotation in ....

Desimone, R. (1991). Face--selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 3:1--8.

.... Background There is evidence that over a series of cortical processing stages, the visual system of primates produces a representation of objects which shows invariance with respect to, for example, translation, size, and view, as shown by recordings from single neurons in the temporal lobe (Desimone, 1991; Rolls, 1992; Tanaka et al. 1991) In his 1992 paper, Rolls reviews much of this work with specific regard to those cells responsive to faces, and goes on to advance a theory for how these neurons could acquire their transform independent selectivity based upon the known physiology of visual ....

Desimone, R. 1991. Face--selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 3, 1--8.

.... Newsome, 1987; Baizer et al. 1991; Rolls, 1991) In cortical areas of the superior temporal sulcus up to 20 of the neurons with visual responses have selectivity for faces (Desimone and Gross, 1979; Bruce et al. 1981; Perrett et al. 1982; Rolls, 1984; Desimone et al. 1984; Gross et al. 1985; Desimone, 1991). We analyze the capacity of these neurons to represent faces in two ways: by determining how many stimuli can be represented to a given degree of accuracy (Bialek et al. 1991; Salinas and Abbott, 1995) and by computing the amount of information that the responses can convey about the stimuli ....

....assume that these 14 are representative of the full population. The cells we used had properties that were in complete accord with those of face cells studied previously (Desimone and Gross, 1979; Bruce et al. 1981; Perrett et al. 1982; Rolls, 1984; Desimone et al. 1984; Gross et al. 1985; Desimone, 1991) and they were recorded from different locations within the superior temporal sulcus and in more than one animal. Furthermore, our results are not sensitive to which particular set of cells or stimuli were analysed when we examined random subsets of the 14 cells or 20 face stimuli used in the ....

Desimone R (1991) Face-selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys. J. Cog. Neurosci.

....helps to focus attention upon that subset of sensory cues that predicts motivationally salient outcomes in a given context, and to block those that do not. Recognition learning is accomplished by interactions between inferotemporal cortex (IT) and hippocampal formation, among other brain areas (Desimone, 1991; Desimone and Ungerleider, 1989; Eichenbaum, Otto, and Cohen, 1994; Gochin, Miller, Gross, and Gerstein, 1991; Harries and Perrett, 1991; Mishkin, 1978, 1982; Mishkin and Appenzeller, 1987; Perrett, Mistlin, and Chitty, 1987; Schwartz, Desimone, Albright, and Gross, 1983; Squire and Zola ....

....such as protein synthesis and transmitter production. The attentional subsystem of ART has been used to model aspects of inferotemporal (IT) cortex, and the orienting subsystem models part of the hippocampal system. The interpretation of ART dynamics in terms of IT cortex led Miller, Li, and Desimone (1991) to successfully test the prediction that cells in monkey IT cortex are reset after each trial in a working memory task. To illustrate the implications of an ART interpretation of IThippocampal interactions, Carpenter and Grossberg (1993) have described how a lesion of the ART model s orienting ....

Desimone, R. (1991). Face-selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 3, 1--8.

....cells with initially restricted receptive fields, over a series of visual stages (Perrett 1993) culminating in the types of cell responses found in inferior temporal (IT) cortex. Cells in this region exhibit invariance to combinations of the types of transformations discussed here (Rolls, 1992; Desimone, 1991; Tanaka et al. 1991) Work by (Miyashita, 1988) has illustrated that stimuli can be arbitrarily associated together by a single IT neuron distinct from many other spatially similar images. The key to the training he used was the association of these images, not in space, but in time. The ....

Desimone, R. 1991. Face--selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys.

.... starting from neurons with restricted receptive fields and culminating in the types of cell responses found in inferior temporal (IT) cortex (Perrett Oram, 1993; Rolls, 1992) Cells in this region exhibit invariance to combinations of the types of transformations discussed here (Rolls, 1992; Desimone, 1991; Tanaka et al. 1991) Work by (Miyashita, 1988) has illustrated that arbitrary stimuli can be associated together by a single IT neuron in primates. The key to the training he used was the association of these images, not in space, but in time. The hypothesis expressed here is that temporal ....

Desimone, R. 1991. Face--selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys.

.... There is evidence that over a series of cortical processing stages, the visual system of primates produces a representation of objects which shows invariance with respect to, for example, translation, size, and view, as shown by recordings from single neurons in the temporal lobe (Rolls, 1992; Desimone, 1991; Tanaka et al. 1991) To clarify how such a system might learn to recognise naturally transformed objects, I investigate a model of cortical visual processing which incorporates a number of features of the primate visual system. The model consists of a series of layers with convergence from a ....

.... some regions of IT and STS but only around 5 of all cells present in the inferior temporal cortex (Baylis et al. 1985) In some senses even 5 represents a considerable commitment of our neural resources, but then the identification of faces is a relatively difficult and socially important task (Desimone, 1991). However, it does beg the question of what those other 95 of cells are up to. Until recently the general answer was that they were also responsive to some visual stimuli, but in a less specific manner, as reported by various researchers (Gross et al. 1972; Bruce et al. 1981; Richmond et al. ....

Desimone, R. 1991. Face--selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 3, 1--8.

....They discovered that cells in IT would learn to respond to one stimulus in the series very strongly, but also to images appearing in close succession, purely as a function of temporal and not spatial disparity between stimuli. There is good evidence from single cell recordings (Rolls, 1992; Desimone, 1991; Tanaka et al. 1991) and anatomical studies (Ungerleider Mishkin, 1982; Plaut Farah, 1990) that the neurons in IT play an important role in object recognition. It thus seems plausible that what Miyashita et al. have observed is the functioning of a system for associating views of objects ....

Desimone, R. (1991). Face--selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 3:1--8.

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Desimone, R. (1991). Face-selective cells in the temporal cortex of monkeys. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 3, pp. 1-8.

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