S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas. Surveyor: An infrastructure for Internet performance measurements. In INET'99, 1999.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....service, numerous independent activities in the area of network performance measurement are emerging. Today, there are a wealth of work dedicated to the realm of network performance measurement and analysis. The most related include NIMI [3] IPMA project [4] NAE workshop [5] NAI [6] Surveyor [7], San qi Li s SMAQ tool [8] and Vern Paxson s thesis work [9] In the analyzing stage, traffic models play a significant role. Accurate models enhance our understanding of the complicated network characteristics and behaviors and allow us to study the effect of various model parameters on network ....

Sunil Kalidindi, Matthew J. Zekauskas, Surveyor: An Infrastructure for Internet Performance Measurements, June 1999, http://telesto.advanced.org/~kalidindi/papers/INET/inet9 9.html .

....service, numerous independent activities in the area of network performance measurement are emerging. Today, there are a wealth of works dedicated to the realm of network performance measurement and analysis. The most related include NIMI [1] IPMA project [2] NAE workshop [3] NAI [4] Surveyor [5], San qi Li s SMAQ tool [6] and Vern Paxson s thesis work [7, 8,9] and etc. National Internet Measurement Infrastructure (NIMI) is a general architecture intended for facilitating scalable Internet measurement infrastructure. The goal of NIMI is to construct a ubiquitous deployed platform, in ....

. Sunil Kalidindi, Matthew J. Zekauskas, Surveyor: An Infrastructure for Internet Performance Measurements, June 1999, http://telesto.advanced. org/-kalidindi/papers/INET/inet99.html

....the Autonomous NEtwork MOnitoring System, or ANEMOS. In this paper, we describe the salient features of the system, focusing on its system architecture and key implementation aspects. ANEMOS has some similarities with other network monitoring tools or architectures, such as Pinger [3] Surveyor [4], or the Network Weather Service [5] One major difference, however, is that ANEMOS provides rules and alarms. Specifically, the system evaluates user specified rules on the collected data while the measurements are in progress, issuing alarms when the rule conditions are satisfied. Another ....

....in Section 8. II. RELATED SYSTEMS There are several open source and commercial network monitoring tools and architectures. In the following, we mention the most popular systems that are related to ANEMOS. Among the open source tools, the most closely related to ANEMOS are PingER [3] Surveyor [4], the National Internet Measurement Infrastructure (NIMI) 9] and the Network Weather Service [5] PingER uses Ping to measure RTTs and loss rates to hundreds of hosts around the world. PingER provides performance information and long term trends about many different geographical areas of the ....

S. Kalidindi and M. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An infrastructure for internet performance measurements," in Proc. INET'99, 1999.

....1. Principle of the Saturn toolkit points to refer to a global time. Although several solutions exist to synchronize machines, the most efficient and most currently used is the GPS synchronization. Some relevant related work are conduced by RIPE NCC Test Traffic Measurements [10] Surveyor [11] [12], AMP [13] The existing active measurement tools like Surveyor or RIPE TTM address this problem by using Global Positioning System (GPS) They developed efficient tools to perform active measurements between many sites, focusing mainly on the best effort behavior of the network. Both of these ....

S. Kalidindi and M. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An infrastructure for internet performance measurements," San Jose, June 1999.

....correctly, whether the topology is well connected, and whether routes are stable. With effective monitoring, these questions can be answered, and many of the existing problems can be identified and subsequently solved. While this belief parallels what is happening in the unicast world[11] 12] [13], very little monitoring and data analysis related research has been done for multicast. The focus of this paper is to understand the network layer characteristics of multicast routing. The goal is to track the evolution of the multicast infrastructure, identify the existing problems, and gain ....

S. Kalidindi and M. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An infrastructure for Internet performance measurements," in Internet Global Summit (INET),San Jose, California, USA, June 1999.

....metrics. We conclude by discussing how this architecture can be used to predict future periods of stream quality degradation. Index Terms quality assessment, analysis, measurement tool, measurement architecture, streaming media I. INTRODUCTION Much research effort over the past several years [1 5] has addressed the general problem of constructing scalable and relevant measurement infrastructures, network fault diagnosis methods, and fault prediction methods, particularly in the context of the Internet; see [6] for an overview. However, conducting quality assessment for streaming media ....

S. Kalidindi and M. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An infrastructure for Internet performance measurements," in Proceedings of INET '99, San Jose, CA, June 1999.

....the scalability of measurements , measurement data bases, and distributed active and passive measurements, can be found in actual measurement architectures as shown in Table 1. QORE Concepts Related Work Active measurement CAIDA Skitter and related work (see [7] 3] 5] 6] Surveyor (see [14]) Performance metrics and their measurement Surveyor IPPM performance metrics and related work (see [13] 2] 17] Performance monitoring methodology using active and passive measurements NLANR Network Analysis Infrastructure (see [15] Scalable and distributed measurement ....

Kalidindi, S. and M.J. Zekausus, "Surveyor: An Infrastructure For Internet Performance Measurements" (1999)

....are round trip times to local DNS servers. For example, in Australia it is assumed that in the worst practical case in 3GPP networks DNS servers are located in Sydney and interrogating clients are located in Melbourne (about 1000 km oneway) This yields minimum round trip times better than 40ms [11] for the used high speed links. The assumption of 100ms allows the loss and resending of one request. 3GPP Internal. 3GPP internal requests concern the 3GPP worldwide network. These requests can be divided into requests for national and international domains. If it is assumed that the maximum ....

....and failure scenarios into account. 3.2 SIP connections This section provides an estimate for the expected delays on SIP connections based on the observations that were undertaken in the previous section for UDP DNS datagrams. The estimates are based on the paper by S. Kalidindi and M. Zekauskas [11] and the study of Tony Eyers and Henning Schulzrinne [8] A domestic connection with a rather complicated geographical set up serves as an example for the discussion in this section. The nodes involved in the set up are depicted in Figure 2 and the geographical situation is shown in Figure 3. It ....

S. Kalidindi and M. Zekauskas. Surveyor: An Infrastructure for Internet Performance Measurements. June 1999. In INET'99.

....(d) Visualization of Network Topology. Skitter provides users with easy and convenient user interface but has a demerit that it can not measure one way metrics. 2. 2 Surveyor Surveyor is a measurement system that Advanced Network Services Group has implemented that can measure one way metrics [7, 8]. The one way metrics are based on IETF s IPPM. Surveyor consists of two systems; a) Measurement System and (b) Central Control System. Two systems use One Way Delay and Packet loss protocol (eWDP) 9, 10] Because Measurement Systems are synchronized with one another by GPS, they can perform ....

....in the Ethernet frame just before transmitting the Ethernet frame to the network interface card as well as just after receiving the Ethernet frame from the network interface card like Fig. 2. In this way, we are capable of reducing the delay which can occur through the protocol stack at end hosts [8, 16]. GPS Satellite GPS Satellite Measurement Measure t . System A System B 2) measurement Internet GPS Receiver GPS Receiver 1) 3) data Fig. 1. Synchronization among Measurement Systems and Procedure of Measurement End Host AMT I AMT Record I , 1 UDP I UDP AMT Header ....

Sunil Kalidindi et al., "Surveyor: An Infrastructure for Internet Performance Measurements", presented at 1NET'99, San Jose, June 1999.

....measurements are SNMP based network management tools, tcpdump [15] NetFlow [4] or DAG card based systems [21] Active measurement methods inject measurement traffic into the network and therefore interfere with operational traffic. Active measurement systems include e.g. NIMI [18] Surveyor [13] and AMP [17] The AQUILA QoS measurement approach integrates both active and passive measurement methods. A third kind of classification of measurement methods is the distinction between aggregation based measurement and sampling based measurement [8] Aggregation based measurement methods ....

S. Kalidindi and M.J. Zekauskas. Surveyor: An infrastructure for internet performance measurements. In Proceedings of INET'99, San Jose, CA, USA, June 1999.

....links between nearly 500 computers at over 300 sites throughout the world. This project uses ping to measure the response time, the packet loss percentages, the variability of the response time (both short term and longer) and the lack of reachability. A similar project to PingER is Surveyor [3]. PingER sends a series of ICMP echo request messages grouped together on a fixed schedule. Surveyor constantly sends out small UDP packets on a Poisson schedule. Our work s goal is to simulate the access of a number of clients to the same web page and its link and to observe how these influence ....

S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An Infrastructure for Internet Performance Measurements", INET'99

....trac is generated, injected into a network, and measured at a receiving node, is becoming increasingly important due its great exibility, intrinsically end to end nature, and freedom from the need to access core network switching elements. Existing large scale active measurement programs [1] [2], 3] 4] 5] have used probe trac to measure connectivity, delay, and loss statistics on coarse time scales, seconds or more commonly, minutes. Typically simple probe streams have been used such as isolated probes, and low rate periodic or (pseudo) Poisson streams. On ner time scales, several ....

....on the received external synchronization signal, as in the case of NTP, but the delay due to hardware and software processing and the jitter due to clock reading precision and hardware and software queueing. Large scale measurement projects collecting statistics of one way metrics such as Surveyor [2], RIPE [3] and AMP [24] all use GPS synchronized measurement hosts. In the experiments reported here a Magellan OEM 5V GPS receiver (sold as a raw PCB) was used. For monitoring high bandwidth links an accuracy of 10 s is not sucient. In these cases special measurement cards like the DAG series, ....

S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas, \Surveyor: An infrastructure for internet performance measurements, " INET'99-http://telesto.advanced.org/ kalidindi /papers/INET/inet99.html, June 1999.

....all MUs with network delay larger than are considered lost. The percentage of lost packets, under this distribution is, 2 . delay and even when a bounded 3 exists it is seldomly experienced by a MU as reported by recent delay studies [18] [19], where it shown that the probability of a long delay (given by the area under the tail of a delay distribution, see Fig. 3 for an illustration) is very small. Clearly, delaying the entire stream for , in order to guarantee the on time arrival of even the rare slow MUs, leads to poor ....

Sunil Kalidindi and Matthew J. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An infrastructure for internet performance measurements," in Proc. of INET, San Jose, California, June 1999.

....A number of systems have been developed for gathering performance measurements on large networks. For example, the National Internet Measurement Infrastructure (NIMI) 2] is aimed at using active measurements for fault diagnosis in very large networks such as the Internet. The Surveyor effort [3] is an infrastructure that measures end to end unidirectional delay, packet loss, and route information along Internet paths, globally deployed at about 50 higher education and research sites. The Surveyor system relies on the use of dedicated computers and hardware to obtain accurate ....

S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An Infrastructure for Internet Performance Measurements," INET '99, San Jose, CA, June 1999.

....The result is a more detailed network map, and thus provides better distance estimation. Furthermore, our algorithm can compute delay estimates between sites in which it is not possible to place Tracers. Another area where our results can be used is in unidirectional measurement of properties [10], 3] To measure unidirectional delay, special hardware devices are placed in the network. These devices are synchronized to achieve the required measurement accuracy (e.g. by GPS [10] Applying our algorithm to the unidirectional measurements produces additional unidirectional distances ....

....to place Tracers. Another area where our results can be used is in unidirectional measurement of properties [10] 3] To measure unidirectional delay, special hardware devices are placed in the network. These devices are synchronized to achieve the required measurement accuracy (e.g. by GPS [10]) Applying our algorithm to the unidirectional measurements produces additional unidirectional distances between nodes in the networks where such special devices are not (or even cannot be) placed. The main idea behind our approach is that using the mea surement routes, one can identify nodes ....

Sunil Kalidindi and Matthew J. Zekauskas. Surveyor: An infrastructure for internet performance measurements. In INET'99, San Jose, CA, USA, June 1999.

....processing of very large amount of data. Active methods on the other hand are based on injecting probe packets, often using ICMP. Some examples of tools based on active methods are PingER [5] the Active Measurement Project (AMP) 6] the National Internet Measurement Infrastructure [7] Surveyor [18] and RIPE s test traffic project [8] Cisco has developed the Service Assurance Agent [17] and Ericsson has recently announced several new products in the field [9] A widespread method that does not fit into the former taxonomy is the use of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to ....

Kalidindi S., Zekauskas M.: "Surveyor: An Infrastructure for Internet Performance Measurements", INET'99, San Jose, June 1999.

....singleton metric, a sample metric is de ned which refers to a sequence of Type P One way Delay singleton delays measured at times taken from a Poisson process, called TypeP One way Delay Poisson Stream. There are at least two implementations of measurement systems to collect these metrics, by ANS[4], and by RIPE NCC[5] In this paper, we investigate the use of GPS synchronised hardware packet capture technology to calibrate the RIPE NCC Test Trac Measurement active measurement system in its operational setting. II. Test Traffic Measurement System Since 1997, R eseaux IP Europ eens Network ....

Sunil Kalidindi and Matthew J. Zekauskas, \Surveyor: An infrastructure for internet performance measurements, " INET'99 Online Proceedings, June 1999, http://www.isoc.org/inet99/proceedings/4h/4h 2.htm.

.... probe messages to many destinations, and infer link loss rates, delay distributions, and topology based on the observed correlations of the received packets [6] Surveyor uses a set of approximately 50 GPS synchronized hosts to measure one way and round trip delay over various Internet paths [7]. The AMP (NLANR Active Measurement Project) system consists of a set of monitoring stations which measure the performance of the vBNS backbone [8] IEPM (Internet End to end Performance Monitoring) monitors network performance between high energy nuclear and particle physics research institutions ....

S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas, Surveyor: An infrastructure for internet performance measurements, in Proceedings of INET '99, June 1999.

....the whole day. The Internet Traffic Report (www.internettrafficreport.com) performs similar measurements. Recent data indicates a round trip time of 213 ms within North America, averaged over one week, with an average loss of 2 , but loss peaks reach 10 several times a day. The Surveyor project [82] by Advanced Network Services (www.advanced.org) is measuring one way delays and packet loss between about fifty measuring stations located at universities and research institutes in the United States, Korea, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Switzerland and other countries. The measuring ....

....microsecond accuracy absolute clock synchronization. The results indicate that while the median delay does not change significantly over the day, the 90th percentile of delay increases dramatically on many routes between about 6 pm and midnight. Table 3.3 and 3. 4 summarizes some initial results [82], obtained November 1998. The authors also found that 5 of the paths with more than 1 loss have highly asymmetric loss, with one direction having loss of more than double the other direction. paths entire day worst 6 hours worst hour All paths 1084 1.06 1.44 4.88 Intra U.S. 1060 1.04 ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An infrastructure for internet performance measurements, " in Proc. of INET, (San Jose, California), June 1999.

....which began in 1997, provides continuous monitoring of UDP delay and loss between selected sites. There are currently 38 of these, mostly in the USA, with some in Europe and the Pacific region. UDP packets of 40 byte length are sent at exponentially distributed intervals with a mean of 500 ms [33]. Using GPS receivers for synchronization, the receiver measures the one way delay with 50 #s resolution, while the packet headers allow loss detection. Results are collated at Advanced Networks, with delay and loss histograms available at the Web site. We have used the individual trace results ....

....for one hop SIP and H.323 calls between the destinations shown. The H.323 figures are shown below the corresponding SIP figure. VII. DISCUSSION Due to the high speed links used in these paths (T3 and above) the minimum delay results essentially show the round trip message propagation delay [33]. Figures 4 to 6 show this increasing from around 30 ms for New York Boston to 40 ms for New York Chicago, and around 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 Sip setup delay (msec) Day number Fig. 14. Minimum and 95th percentile SIP call setup delay, New York # Chicago, ....

S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An infrastructure for internet performance measurements," in Proc. of INET,(San Jose, California), June 1999.

....The result is a more detailed network map, and thus provides better distance estimation. Furthermore, our algorithm can compute delay estimates between sites in which it is not possible to place Tracers. Another area where our results can be used is in unidirectional measurement of properties [10], 3] To measure unidirectional delay, special hardware devices are placed in the network. These devices are synchronized to achieve the required measurement accuracy (e.g. by GPS [10] Applying our algorithm to the unidirectional measurements produces additional unidirectional distances ....

....to place Tracers. Another area where our results can be used is in unidirectional measurement of properties [10] 3] To measure unidirectional delay, special hardware devices are placed in the network. These devices are synchronized to achieve the required measurement accuracy (e.g. by GPS [10]) Applying our algorithm to the unidirectional measurements produces additional unidirectional distances between nodes in the networks where such special devices are not (or even cannot be) placed. The main idea behind our approach is that using the mea surement routes, one can identify nodes ....

Sunil Kalidindi and Matthew J. Zekauskas. Surveyor: An infrastructure for internet performance measurements. In INET'99, San Jose, CA, USA, June 1999.

....The result is a more detailed network map, and thus provides better distance estimation. Furthermore, our algorithm can compute delay estimates between sites in which it is not possible to place Tracers. Another area where our results can be used is in unidirectional measurement of properties [KZ99, AKZ99] To measure unidirectional delay, special hardware devices are placed in the network. These devices are synchronized to achieve the required measurement accuracy (e.g. by GPS [KZ99] Applying our algorithm to the unidirectional measurements produces additional unidirectional distances ....

....result is a more detailed network map, and thus provides better distance estimation. Furthermore, our algorithm can compute delay estimates between sites in which it is not possible to place Tracers. Another area where our results can be used is in unidirectional measurement of properties [KZ99, AKZ99] To measure unidirectional delay, special hardware devices are placed in the network. These devices are synchronized to achieve the required measurement accuracy (e.g. by GPS [KZ99] Applying our algorithm to the unidirectional measurements produces additional unidirectional distances between ....

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Sunil Kalidindi and Matthew J. Zekauskas. Surveyor: An infrastructure for internet performance measurements. In INET'99, San Jose, CA, USA, June 1999.

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S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas. Surveyor: An infrastructure for Internet performance measurements. In INET'99, 1999.

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S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An Infrastructure for Internet Performance Measurements", INET'99

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S. Kalidindi and M. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An Infrastructure for Internet Performance Measurements," in INET'99, San Jose, CA, USA, June 1999.

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S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas. Surveyor: An infrastructure for Internet performance measurements. In INET'99, 1999.

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S. Kalidindi and M. Zekauskas. Surveyor: An Infrastructure for Internet Performance Measurements. In Proceedings of INET'99, San Jose, CA, USA, 1999.

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S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas. Surveyor: An infrastructure for Internet performance measurements. In INET'99, 1999.

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S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An infrastructure for Internet performance measurements," in Proceedings of INET '99 available at http://www.advanced.org/csg-ippm/, June 1999.

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S. Kalidindi and M. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An infrastructure for Internet performance measurements," in INET, San Jose, CA, June 1999.

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S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An infrastructure for Internet performance measurements," in Proceedings of INET '99 available at http://www.advanced.org/csg-ippm/, June 1999.

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S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas. Surveyor: An infrastructure for Internet performance measurements. Proc. 9th Internet Soc. Conf. (INET), 1999.

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S. Kalidindi and M. J. Zekauskas, "Surveyor: An infrastructure for Internet performance measurements," in Proceedings of INET '99 available at http://www.advanced.org/csg-ippm/, June 1999.

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Kalidindi S., Zekauskas M.: Surveyor: an infrastructure for Internet performance measurements, http://telesto.advanced.org/ kalidindi /papers/INET/inet99.html

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Kalidindi, Sunil, and Zekauskas, Matthew J., Surveyor: An Infrastructure for Internet Performance Measurements, INET '99 Proceedings

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