L. Boniface and S. L. Ogin, Application of the Paris Equation to the Fatigue Growth of Transverse Ply Cracks. J. Comp. Mat. 23 (1989) 735--754.

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Matrix Microcracking in Composites - Nairn (2000)   (Correct)

....hole. In one case study on the durability of an I beam with circular cut outs, the microcracking process around the holes was a major factor in the lifetime of the beam [73] 2.13.2. 4 Fatigue Observations Fatigue loading of laminates with 90 # plies also leads to microcracking in the 90 # plies [1, 12, 13, 14, 32, 35, 38, 58, 74 84]. The typical experiments are to count the number of cracks as a function of cycle number. The number of cracks increases with cycling. Eventually fatigue loading also leads to the other damage mechanisms observed in static testing such as curved microcracks, delaminations from the tips of ....

....at the specimen edges and propagate slowly across the specimen width. Observations of slowly propagating microcracks suggests that the crack growth rate per cycle is constant for each individual microcrack but depends on the distance of that microcrack to the neighboring, existing microcracks [32, 35, 38, 79]. Such observations suggest that the stress intensity factor or energy release rate for the propagating microcrack is independent of the length of the microcrack and only a function of the space between existing microcracks where the microcrack is growing [38, 77, 79, 82] Microcracks also form ....

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L. Boniface and S. L. Ogin, Application of the Paris Equation to the Fatigue Growth of Transverse Ply Cracks. J. Comp. Mat. 23 (1989) 735--754.

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