M.E. Frisse, "Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook," Communications of the ACM, 31(7), pp. 880--886.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

.... Taking Hypertext Structure into Account in WWW Search Engines The exploitation of links structure has already been widely studied in the context of well built hypertext systems where information contained in the nodes is selfexplained and the links are typed and express well defined relationships[Fri88] The particularity of the WWW relies on the fact that concepts often span pages and the links are not typed. The Google search engine [BP98] is the first commercial engine to intensively make use of links structure. The ranking of the pages is largely influenced by the popularity of the pages, ....

M. E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880--886, 1988.

....improvements. Mercator was also used in building the Internet Archives [25] 14 2 Knowledge Extraction and Organization A short article on extracting a Knowledge Database from an Art Dictionary [63] A information retrieval technique for extracting medical information from a hypertext tree [50]. Studies of link structure on the Web: 26, 94, 104] Marchiori [82] uses Web link structure to improve search engine results. Specifically, his HyperSearch algorithm computes a relevance score for a page based in part on the relevance of pages reachable from it. An interesting technical report ....

M. E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. CACM, 31(7):880--886, 1988.

....and cover a bigger number of scenes and shots. This process enables many of the relevant video shots with little resemblances to the user s textual query to be retrieved because of their associations with the scenes. Our approach of scene association is similar to the one developed in Frisse [16] to compute a suitable hypertext node for browsing purposes in a hierarchical hypertext network. The only difference between our approach and Frisse s is that the scene do not have an intrinsic weight of its own initially. Similar approaches also employed in [9, 21] to perform concept based ....

Frisse, M.E. (1988). Searching for Information in a Hypertext Medical Handbook. Comm. of ACM, 31(7), 263-271.

....Querying structured documents without considering the links between document components wastes user time since related components (e.g. a chapter and its section) will most probably be displayed at distant location in the retrieved result. A more e ective display of retrieval results (e.g. [4, 7, 15, 11]) is to return best entry points, which correspond to relevant document components from which users can browse to retrieve further relevant document components. Best entry points can be determined by de ning 1 the representation of a document component as the aggregation of the representations of ....

Frisse, M. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM 31, 7 (1988), 880-886. 11

....Another example of structured documents are web documents, where the structure can be both internal (HTML or XML) and external (documents hierarchically connected by hyper links) In this work, we are concerned with hierarchically inter linked web documents. Many authors such as [Chi97] [Fri88], TC89] and [CvR96] argue that to allow for an e ective retrieval of structured web documents, the information retrieval (IR) model must exploit not only the content of documents, but also the structural knowledge associated with the documents, that is, the hyper links (or links) that connect ....

....takes into account the beliefs (weights) associated to these terms. For focussed retrieval, the documents with non null belief values (the retrieved documents) are then examined to determine the optimal documents. Two algorithms are used for this purpose. The rst algorithm, Algorithm A, based on [Fri88], uses the ranking of the documents as provided by the belief values. The algorithm examines each document in the ranking, starting from the top, and checks whether the document is linked directly or indirectly to a document higher up or lower down in the ranking, that has been selected as an ....

M.E. Frisse. Searching for Information in a Hypertext Medical Handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880-886, 1988.

....are indexed by that term. Therefore, we can use the ranking of document components to determine best entry points. This requires the selection of those relevant document components from the ranking from where users can browse to access further relevant components. The proposed approach, based on [Fri88], is summarised in the following algorithm. Input: rl: ranked list of document components obtained as described in Section 3.3.1 Variable: bep: ranked list of entry points initialised to the empty set; a node: a document component While rl is not empty a node: top ranked component in rl; ....

....show that indexing web pages based on combined linkbased and content based information can result in improved effectiveness of retrieval. Other approaches 11 exploit link based information of the retrieval result and apply this knowledge as a post processor to alter the ranking of the result [Fri88,Mar97]. The problem with links between web pages is that they are generally non typed and can reflect a variety of relationships: next or previous page, similar or contradicting material, part kind of, citation etc. The most commonly used linking methods in HTML are the a and the link tags. The ....

M Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880-886, 1988.

.... determines retrieval weights for passages (paragraphs, sentences) to compute a final retrieval weight for a set of passages, other approaches aim at computing an independent retrieval weight for each document component, so to find the best entry point into a structured document (e.g. [LM00,Roe99,CMF96,LR98,MJK98,Fri88]) As we will point out in Section 4 in detail, we propose for MPEG 7 a retrieval model that supports the notion of best entry points. 2.4. Related work There are a number of MPEG 7 related projects that involve the adoption of MPEG 7 conformance [Hun99] The HARMONY project 2 aims at ....

M Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880-886, 1988.

....approach is not intended for the retrieval of aggregated objects, and hence does not allow for focussed retrieval. Hypertext [37] is a medium for presenting related information units. Hence, hypertext retrieval methods can be used to retrieve structured documents. The work described by Frisse [38] illustrates how hypertext can be used to provide a means of navigating through long, related texts. Frisse de nes an hypertext query processing mechanism which, given relevant objects, selects those objects to be displayed to the user. The approach determines the optimal objects to be displayed ....

....As in [28] the relevance of an object is based on the relevance of its components objects. Our approach can be viewed as a means to implement such a strategy. A main di erence is that our approach computes the relevance of an object to a query based on the representation of the objects. In [38], relevance values are combined. As a result, the approach does not implement focussed retrieval. Research in the database area also deals with structured document retrieval. The aim is to extend existing database technology to deal with structures. A particular application of this work is text ....

M.E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880-886, 1988.

....hand, proceeds without direct access to a www index; in response to a query, our algorithm first invokes a text based search and then computes numerical scores for the pages in a relatively small subgraph constructed from the initial search results. 5.2. OTHER LINK BASED APPROACHES TO WWW SEARCH. Frisse [1988] considered the problem of document retrieval in singly authored, stand alone works of hypertext. He proposed basic heuristics by which hyperlinks can enhance notions of relevance and hence the performance of retrieval heuristics. Specifically, in his framework, the relevance of a page in ....

FRISSE, M. E. 1988. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Commun. ACM 31, 7 (July), 880 -- 886.

....creating dynamic links that take context into account demonstrates the importance of open hypertext systems such as Microcosm [Davis 1993] and Hyper G [Andrews 1995a] If source information is already well described structurally, it is comparatively easy to turn text into hypertext. Early work of Frisse [Frisse 1988] converted a medical handbook using the book s hierachical structure, and with increasing use of SGML and XML to code information it is easy to construct nodes and associated links to represent this information in navigable form [Fahmy 1990] Fuller 1993] To create static links between ....

Mark E. Frisse. "Searching for Information in a Hypertext Medical Handbook" in Communications of the ACM (CACM), 31(7), 880-886, July 1988.

....thesauri. KEY WORDS Hypertext Thesauri Online searching Guide INTRODUCTION Hypertext is becoming a popular approach to the online presentation of large corpora of information. Examples of large paper documents converted to hypertext include a 500 page manual of medical therapeutics [1], an eight thousand page set of manuals for a software product [2] and the twelve volume Oxford English Dictionary [3] Nielsen [4] reviews the commercially available hypertext versions of an interactive fiction, an encyclopedia, and the Whole Earth Catalog. These products are classified as ....

M. E. Frisse, `Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook', Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery, 31 (7), 880--886 (1988).

.... in [Crestani et al. 1998] Manning, Sch utze 1999] Several scientists have proposed information retrieval algorithms for the Web which are based on analysis of hyperlink structures [Botafogo et al. 1992] Carriere, Kazman 1997] Chakrabarti et al. 1998a] Chakrabarti et al. 1998b] [Frisse 1988], Kleinberg 1998] Pirolli et al. 1996a] Rivlin et al. 1994] A simple means of measuring the quality of a Web page proposed by [Carriere, Kazman 1997] is to count the number of pages which have pointers to the page is used in the WebQuery system and the Rankdex search engine 91 . Another ....

Frisse, M., \Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook", Communications of the ACM, 31, 7 (1988), 880-886.

.... hypertexts (e.g. via content based clustering or citation linking) to incorporate navigation and visualization into the search process [2, 1] and extending traditional IR search techniques to exploit the link relationships in a hypertext (both authored and automatically generated links) [14, 11, 7, 6, 5]. Although this work is interesting, much of it was conducted at a time when hypertexts were smaller, not distributed, and somewhat esoteric. With the advent of the World Wide Web, hypertext and the linking together of related pieces of information has become ubiquitous. Of course, hypertext on ....

M. E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Commun. ACM, 31(7):880--886, July 1988.

....merged into schematic structures with these information items. To alleviate the hypermedia creation problems, a few automatic hyperlinking methods have been proposed to create the hyperlink structure which is merged with the original information structure. Most of the current creation methods [5][7][8] 10] 12] 13] 14] 15] are based on text recognition for identifying hotspots. Link types are limited to one type of association (cross references to the associated information) and the migration path is limited to textbased information sources. These methods have limitations in automatically ....

....approach can be taken for applications having a well defined information structure, which can have standard templates. There is still manual oriented work for indicating hotspot placements. This approach is not adequate for handling a large volume of information items. The recognition approach [5][7][8] 12] 13] 14] 15] is based on text analysis to identify keywords for hotspots and hyperlinks in the forms of keyword indices or cross references. It can have a fully automatic creation process for hypertext. But it has limitations in the automatic creation of hotspots and links on non textual ....

M.E. Frisse, Searching for Information in a Hypertext Medical Handbook, Communications of the ACM 31, 7 (July), 1988.

....proceeds without 17 direct access to a www index; in response to a query, our algorithm first invokes a textbased search and then computes numerical scores for the pages in a relatively small subgraph constructed from the initial search results. Other Link Based Approaches to WWW Search Frisse [25] considered the problem of document retrieval in singly authored, stand alone works of hypertext. He proposed basic heuristics by which hyperlinks can enhance notions of relevance and hence the performance of retrieval heuristics. Specifically, in his framework, the relevance of a page in ....

M.E. Frisse, "Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook," Communications of the ACM, 31(7), pp. 880--886.

....the early systems. In (Marchionini and Shneiderman 1988) browsing and searching were observed as complementary user interaction styles for powerful user interface models. Standard information retrieval techniques have been adapted to the hypertext context in systems such as the Medical Handbook (Frisse 1988), I 3 R (Croft and Turtle 1989) and Intermedia (Coombs 1990) The document base consists of a set of documents each of which has an associated set of links and an information retrieval style description (Dunlop and Rijsbergen 1991) Hypertext links are mainly used to improve the description of ....

Frisse, M. (1988, July). Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM 31 (7), 880--886.

....links (as in the second and third examples) They concentrate on the latter, and consider free text annotations to be part of the semantic link. Savoy [17] suggests an extended vector processing scheme to improve retrieval performance by extracting additional information from hyperlinks. Frisse [10] uses statistical information retrieval techniques to find good starting points in a browsing process. Croft and Turtle [4] show how to incorporate hyperlinks into a probabilistic retrieval model based on inference nets. On the one hand, our approach is different from the usual hypertext approach ....

Frisse M.E., Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook, Communications of the ACM 31 (1988) 880--886.

....different levels of the document and different parts of the document, retrieval can not only be more efficient but also more effective. 2.2 Hypertext Frisse is one of a number of authors to realise the power of hypertext as a medium for presenting related information units. The work described in [9] illustrates how hypertext can be used to provide a means of navigating through long, related texts, e.g. medical manuals. The work described in the remainder of this paper can be seen as one method of determining which nodes should be presented to the user. Similarly, Fuller et al., 10] present ....

....a belief function. In section 6.1.1, the use of belief function to express object relevance is experimentally validated. This deals with question 1 above. To deal with questions 2 and 3, we base the retrieval of structured documents on two approaches: 1. an hypertext query processing proposed in [9] which given relevant objects provides those to be displayed to the user. This deals with question 2 above. 2. the fetch and browse method proposed in [3] which allow the elimination of non relevant objects in an early phase of the retrieval process. This deals with question 3 above. The two ....

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Frisse, M.E. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7), 1988, 880-886.

.... of text documents, as mentioned in [Rasmussen 1992] Willett 1988] An idea related to the latter two in the context of Internet based search and retrieval has been developed in several di erent variations for di erent intended purposes, e.g. Carriere, Kazman 1997] Chakrabarti et al. 1998] [Frisse 1988], Kleinberg 1998] Pirolli et al. 1996a] Botafogo et al. 1992] Rivlin et al. 1994] The overall idea is to deduce information about the relationship between a set of Web pages and signi cance, reliability and topics covered in their contents by examining the hyper link structures ....

Frisse, M., \Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook", Comm. of the ACM, 31, 7 (1988), 880-886.

.... to provide a framework for reasoning under uncertainty [29, 27] Bayesian networks have been used extensively in a wide range of applications [18] Specifically, the Bayesian approach has been applied successfully to large text and hypertext search databases in the domain of information retrieval [11, 7] and to validation of ultrahigh dependability for safetycritical systems [23] Informally, a Bayesian network is a graphical representation of probability relationships among random variables. A Bayesian network is a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) where graph nodes represent variables with domains ....

M. E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880--886, July 1988.

....medical diagnosis, price forecasting, future crop production, automated vision, sensor fusion, and modeling of manufacturing processes. Of particular relevance are successful applications of the Bayesian approach to large text and hypertext search databases in the domain of information retrieval [Fri88, Cro93] and to validation of ultrahigh dependability for safety critical systems [LS93] Informally, a Bayesian network is a graphical representation of probability relationships among random variables. A Bayesian network is a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) where graph nodes represent variables ....

Mark E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880--886, July 1988.

.... monitoring, real time weapons scheduling, medical diagnosis systems, and many other diagnostics applications (see [iAA96, HMW95] Of particular relevance are successful applications of Bayesian networks to large text and hypertext search databases in the domain of information retrieval [Fri88, Cro93] and to validation of ultrahigh dependability for safety critical systems [LS93] Generally, a Bayesian belief network offers a graphical presentation of causal, probabilistic relationships among variables. The graphical depiction is a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) where graph nodes ....

Mark E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880--886, July 1988.

....infrastructure that will adapt to heterogeneous environments, both for mixed data forms and for mixed computer hardware and software platforms. Relationship of RPID to Efforts Elsewhere While there are several projects reported in the literature that provide hypermedia data in a medical context [Fri88, BMJL91] the RPID project has some unique aspects. The previous efforts have not been in the context of large or widely distributed data sets. They have allowed physicians to simulate in hypermedia their research notebooks, for example; or they have provided centralized facilities for small library ....

Mark E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880--886, July 1988.

....section is devoted to the application of query languages to user navigation in hyperdocuments. We shall describe several query based browsing mechanisms for implementing high level hypertext navigation strategies. 3. 1 Virtual links Existing hypertext systems such as the Dynamic Medical Handbook [14], I 3 R [11] Intermedia [10] or MacWeb [23] support advanced information retrieval and indexing mechanisms for the definition of virtual or intensional links [12] Opposed to extensional hard wired links that are defined by two extremities, virtual links are the result of queries on the ....

M.E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880-886, July 1988.

....to implement a detailed retrieval strategy. In these approaches, it is the hypermedia functionality that is used for the benefit of information retrieval systems. On the other hand, in different works, hypermedia information at the document level is used as a way of improving text retrieval [8, 7], and or as a suggestion for the retrieval of multimedia documents [7] The information retrieval mechanism is then used for example to give a starting node for navigation at the document level, to suggest a next node of navigation, or to construct a guided tour [9] Thus, the information ....

....Different approaches have already been implemented by many research groups. Generally they have tried to use information in nodes or in typed or semantic links to improve information retrieval and navigation through the hypermedia text network. One of the earliest to apply this concept was Frisse [8] with his hypertext medical handbook. In this work, the information contained in the handbook was divided into individual small fixed size cards using a hierarchical structure. In order to preserve the top down hierarchy structure of the handbook, links were made between each card and its parent. ....

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Mark E. Frisse, "Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook." Communications of the ACM, Vol. 31, No. 7, July 1988, pp 880-886

....another colleague etc. Such associations of material from diverse sources can be made easily accessible by using hypertext based information systems. Washington University developed the Dynamic Medical Handbook to provide immediate and easy access to medical information to medical professionals [Frisse, 1988]. Chapters from the Manual of Medical Therapeutics were converted to hypertext format. The handbook combined traditional IR mechanisms with browsing techniques to improve information retrieval. Such dynamic medical books, also called hyperbooks are widely used in medical schools. These ....

. Frisse, Mark E. Searching For Information in a Hypertext Medical Handbook, Communications of the ACM, July 1988.

....This Bayesian net causally relates five different events; prior and conditional probabilities (which form a key component of every Bayesian net) are not shown. one for each document) that the query is satisfied given that the document in question has the desired content. Frisse and Cousins [20, 21] implement a hypertext system based on a Bayesian net index in their Dynamic Medical Handbook system. In this system, the Bayesian net represents a hierarchical organization of terms that might be found in the nodes of the hypertext. The conditional probabilities of the net, which initially ....

M. E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31:880--886, 1988.

....Award CCR 9701399. 1 1 Introduction The link structure of a hypermedia environment can be a rich source of information about the content of the environment, provided we have effective means for understanding it. Versions of this principle have been studied in the hypertext research community [3, 13, 26, 36] and (in a context predating hypermedia) through journal citation analysis in the field of bibliometrics [37] But for the problem of searching in hyperlinked environments such as the World Wide Web, it is clear from the prevalent techniques that the information inherent in the links has yet to be ....

....these measures are generalizations of co citation and bibliographic coupling to allow for arbitrarily long chains of references. Larson [22] performs a co citation analysis of a set of pages relevant to a sample query and generates clusters by dimension reduction techniques. Finally, Frisse [13] describes a method that is applicable in a tree structured environment: the relevance of a page with respect to a query is also based on the relevance of its descendants in the tree. More recently, Pirolli, Pitkow, and Rao [24] have used a combination of link topology and textual similarity to ....

M.E. Frisse, "Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook," Communications of the ACM, 31(7), pp. 880--886.

....will have pre defined all links during or after a hypertext s creation, guided tours are created as the result of a query. Such tours are calculated both with respect to the content of the elements making up the tour, and with respect to the nature of the relationships between those elements [9, 11]. ffl Indexes collections are hierarchically organised into categories, allowing users to locate answers by choosing between categories. ffl Fish eye Views are collection overviews that provide more information about near parts of a collection and less about far parts, thereby ....

....passage with respect to its source document and the collection. In evaluating the rank order, passages that may have a lesser similarity (to the query) but with more links to other passages can be shown in preference to passages with higher similarity but with no or few links to other passages [9, 11]. Such an ordering places an emphasis in locating passages from documents that are highly relevant in part or whole. At this point, other aids can be provided to support analysis. Guided tours of each pile of candidate documents can be generated according to these guidelines. Tables of content or ....

M. E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. In Proceedings of the ACM Hypertext '87 Conference, pages 57--66, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, November 13--15 1987. ACM.

....mechanisms, a number of different approaches can be thought of. The system can be considered as a hypertext system that creates and manages a global hypertext web. In order to provide the user with one or more optimal starting points for graphical browsing as a response to text string queries (Frisse 1988), elaborate information retrieval tools have to be implemented within the hypertext system. On the other hand, it can also be seen as a document retrieval system with a more valuable presentation environment for documents. In this case, the necessary extension of an existing document retrieval ....

Frisse, M. E. (1988), `Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook', Communications of the ACM 31(7), 880--886.

....to visit every object in the hope of finding something interesting. However, a query to index brokers might identify a reasonable subset of objects for browsing. By specifying the general topic of interest in the form of a query, the user can ask the brokers for nodes that are worth examining[8]. Brokers can also aid in constructing a hypertext by finding objects to serve as nodes. A query yields a set of interesting items; these may be merged with other sets to form a flat space of objects. Then, links are added between objects to compose the hypertext structure. Finally, a query to the ....

Mark E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. In Hypertext '87 Proceedings, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, November, 1987, pages 57--66, New York, 1987. The Association for Computing Machinery.

....to any illicit recipient. We will have to acquire the source for a secure server so we can make our collaboration supporting modifications and user evaluation modifications. RELATED WORK While there are several projects reported in the literature that provide hypermedia data in a medical context [Fri88, BMJL91, FBDK94] the RPID project has some unique aspects. The previous efforts have not been in the context of large or widely distributed data sets. They have allowed physicians to simulate in hypermedia their research notebooks, for example; or they have provided centralized facilities for small library ....

M.E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880-886, July 1988.

....other hand, is operating purely on the link structure of a hyperlinked corpus, and makes no use of matrices with term weights. The use of link information to improve search performance on the www has been advanced in previous work; hyperlink analysis has been used for enhancing relevance judgments [1, 12, 14, 19, 26], as well as for ranking www pages [5, 22, 23, 17] Link structures have been studied in hypertext research that predates the www; in particular, Botafogo et al. 4] introduce graph theoretic measures based on link density and node to node distances for clustering and searching in hypermedia. ....

M.E. Frisse, "Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook," Communications of the ACM, 31(7), pp. 880--886.

....that will adapt to heterogeneous environments, both for mixed data forms and for mixed computer hardware and software platforms. 1. 1 Relationship of RPID to efforts elsewhere While there are several projects reported in the literature that provide hypermedia data in a medical context [7, 1] the RPID project has some unique aspects. The previous efforts have not been in the context of large or widely distributed data sets. They have allowed physicians to simulate in hypermedia their research notebooks, for example; or they have provided centralized facilities for small library ....

Mark E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880-886, July 1988.

....Values RSVB (q; d j ) 1 j d j j P i: i 2q;d j a ij b i 2. 2 Link Method The link method is based on Stieger s hypertext retrieval method (Frei Stieger, 1995) Hypertext retrieval methods do not only take into account the relevance of a node but also the relevance of its neighbors (Frisse, 1988). The main ideas of Stieger s hypertext retrieval method are the following. 1. We take into account the relevance of a link with respect to the query. Below we will elaborate on what we mean by the relevance of a link. 2. We reduce the hypertext to a substructure consisting only of links that are ....

Frisse, M. E. (1988). Searching for Information in a Hypertext Medical Handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7),880--886.

....cues. Clicking on a linked item jumps to the desired notecard. Most hypertext systems require an author to design the node link structure of a document beforehand, but there are some systems that automate this process given a linear document, the Hypertext Medical Handbook being one of them [Fri87]. Thus, methods that display a hypertext structure can, in some sense, apply to all kinds of documents. Often the user lacks an intuitive sense of location and orientation within the hypertext structure, not knowing where s he currently is in the document and which is the best way to go from ....

M. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. In Proceedings of Hypertext '87, pages 57--66, New York, NY, November 1987. ACM.

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M.E. Frisse, "Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook," Communications of the ACM, 31(7), pp. 880--886.

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Frisse, M. E. "Searching for Information in a Hypertext Medical Handbook" in HT'87

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Frisse, M. E. (1988) Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Commun. ACM, 31, 880--886.

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M Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880-886, 1988. 27

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M. Frisse. "Searching for Information in a Hypertext Medical Handbook". Communications ACM 31, 7 (1988), 880-886.

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Frisse, M.: Searching for Information in a Hypertext Medical Handbook. Communications of the ACM 31 (1988) 880-886

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Mark E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880--886, July 1988.

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Mark E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM, 31(7):880--886, July 1988.

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M. E. Frisse, Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery, 1988. 31(7): 880886.

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M. E. Frisse. Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. In Hypertext '87 Papers, pages 57--66, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 1987.

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Frisse, M. (1988) Searching for information in a hypertext medical handbook. Communications of the ACM 31,7, 880-886.

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