T. B. Lee, J. Hendler, and O. Lassila. The semantic web. In Scientific America, May 2001.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

.... bvar: ci: x] degree: cn: type:integer] 1] apply: ci: type:fn] y] ci: x] apply: times: apply: ci: type:fn] y] ci: x] apply: cos: ci: x] apply: exp: apply: times: cn: type:integer] [2], ci: x] OMOBJ: OMA: OMS: cd:relation1, name:eq] OMA: OMS: cd:arith1, name:plus] OMA: OMS: cd:calculus1, name:diff] OMBIND: OMS: cd:fns1, name:lambda] OMBVAR: OMV: name:x] OMA: OMV: name:y] OMV: name:x] ....

.... OMV: name:y] OMV: name:x] OMA: OMS: cd:arith1, name:times] OMA: OMV: name:y] OMV: name:x] OMA: OMS: cd:transc1, name:cos] OMV: name:x] OMA: OMS: cd:transc1, name:exp] OMA: OMS: cd:arith1, name:times] OMI: [2], OMV: name:x] Fig. 2. Field Notation of the Xml Documents in Figure 1 X = b:2, c:3] Y = d:1] This reminds of the evaluation of an arithmetic expression X is 3 (4 5) in Prolog where is is an in x predicate symbol with two arguments, which evaluates the arithmetic term 3 ....

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T. Berners{Lee, J. Hendler, O. Lassila. The Semantic Web. Scienti c American, May 2001.

....discuss inference problems which are useful to annotate web pages with a description of the service they provide. 1 Motivation DLs have proven to provide useful support for the de nition, integration, and maintenance of ontologies [7, 17] a feature which makes DLs important for the semantic web [3], where ontologies will play a central role. More precisely, ontologies are envisioned to be used in annotations describing the content of web documents, and will then be used by agents searching the semantic web. However, these agents, besides searching for information or web pages with a ....

T. Berners-Lee, J. Hendler, and O. Lassila. The semantic Web. Scienti c American, 284(5):34-43, 2001.

....decidable subset which has been extensively studied. They have been designed especially to model rich hierarchies of classes of objects. In particular, they have been found very useful for reasoning on ontologies [14] and for expressing website semantics in the next generation semantic web [5]. Horn rules and descriptions logics are two orthogonal subsets of first order logic: it is known [6] that neither of these languages can express the other. Their combination has been studied in Al log [13] and in Carin [16] In contrast, in this paper, we focus on the logical overlapping existing ....

T. Berners-Lee, J. Hendler, and O. Lassila, `The semantic web', Scientific American, 279, (2001).

....the devices, services, and their attributes. This semantic interoperability is needed to select appropriate components, and to negotiate appropriate interfaces and parameters. It seems clear that XML based technology similar to those developed for Digital Libraries ( 19] and the Semantic Web ([1, 38]) will play an important role, but semantic interoperability can be achieved only by effective standardization through community processes. This section introduces a definition of discovery protocols . Section 2 reviews some important current examples of discovery protocols, and section 3 ....

Berners-Lee, Tim, Hendler, James, and Lassila, Ora, "The Semantic Web," Scientific American, vol. 284, no. 5, ,

.... some additional challenges; in fact one could say that service discovery in a ubicomp environment is an oxymoron: If the services are on the edge to the unconscious, how can they be discovered Is a service, that we have to discover, in fact not ubiquitous at all # Universal data access [Abo96, BHL01] Today, far too much of our time is spent trying to make di#erent programs talk to each other, having to convert and move data around in order to edit it, make it available and to keep it up to date. We desperately need services that transparently integrate with another and automatically ....

....model, we envision that every device can have server functionality, eliminating the need for centralized servers and providing increased flexibility. Well known peer to peer applications include the usenet [Use] and the Napster file sharing service [Nap] # Interaction between services [BHL01] In order to reach their full potential, services must also be aware of other services available, and be able to interact usually in an ad hoc manner. For instance, when booking a flight ticket, the booking service should also let you pay for the ticket, and perhaps take a travel insurance, ....

Barnes-Lee T, Hendler J. and Lassila O. "The Semantic Web." Scientific American, May 2001

....systems is also a question of the language used to encode the ontologies. 1 The World Wide Web is the largest information system ever. Its size and heterogeneity makes ontology based search and integration even more important than in other information systems. In this context the semantic web [Berners Lee et al. 2001] is mentioned. It is supported by the annotation of web pages, containing informal knowledge as we know it now, with formal knowledge. These documents can reference each other and depend on background knowledge. Taking advantage of the semantic web requires to be able to gather, compare, transform ....

Berners-Lee, T., Hendler, J., and Lassila, O. (2001). The semantic web. Scientific Amercan, 284(5):35--43.

....Medical Language System) Project in 1988. 2. Background The Semantic Web is a generalization of formalization efforts already underway in healthcare and biomedicine In his recent Scientific American article Berners Lee argues that the Semantic Web is infrastructure, and not an application [2]. We couldn t agree more. To us, this view is a top down and horizontal approach to Semantic Web objectives, and it is this kind of disciplined thinking that made the Web the success that it is today. In parallel with this effort, progress toward related goals is occurring in healthcare and ....

Berners-Lee, T., Hendler, James, Lassila, Dra, "The Semantic Web," Scientific American, May, 2001.

....with cracks. Acronyms are frequently ambiguous ( AA refers to automobile association and also alcoholics anonymous. For example, suppose we wish to find Mrs. Cook , this ambiguous term might refer to a number of semantically distinct concepts: cooks, cooking, the Cook Islands and so forth [7]. This ambiguity pervades natural language; with terms like fish referring variously to all aquatic creatures, the activity of catching fish, fishing for information etc. By submitting a query like cook to find the required Mrs Cook to a search engine (even the wonderful google) we can see ....

Berners-Lee Tim, Hendler James and Lassila Ora, "The Semantic Web", Scientific American, May, 2001.

....But the existing keyword based search engines do not take into account the semantics of the documents accessible through the Web. The user can be easily overwhelmed by the huge number of answers (not always relevant) to a query. Therefore, the need of a Semantic Web is more and more emphasized [2, 3]. The semantics of the documents must be explicitly represented through semantic metadata in order to enable semantic contents guided search [1] Several proposals have been o#ered to this end, for example Ontobroker [8] and Shoe [12] that rely on extensions of HTML and exploitation of ....

T. Berners-Lee, D. Connolly, R. R. Swick. Semantic Web. http://www.w3.org/1999/04/WebData.html

.... its somewhat unique integration of rich data structures with the language itself, Common Lisp offers the interesting possibility of integrating RDF [18, 19] and DAML [10, 11] data with a programming language, therefore making it easier to build software that takes advantage of the Semantic Web [3]. This paper will discuss Wilbur , a Common Lisp based open source toolkit for RDF and DAML. Wilbur includes an API (Application Programming Interface) which allows the underlying RDF data to be treated as a frame system, essentially providing an object oriented view of the data. The ....

Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler, and Ora Lassila: "The Semantic Web", Scientific American, May 2001

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T. B. Lee, J. Hendler, and O. Lassila. The semantic web. In Scientific America, May 2001.

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T. Berners Lee, O. Lassila, and R. R. Swick, \The semantic web," Scienti c American, vol. 5, 2001.

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Berners-Lee, T., Hendler, J., and Lassila, O. "The Semantic Web". Scientific American, Ma 2001.

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