Engstrand O. 1997. Why are clicks so exclusive? PHONUM, this issue.  Home/Search Document Details and Download
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Phonetic Preconditions For The Development Of Normative.. - Helgason (1999) (2 citations) (Correct)
....of the preaspirations produced by this informant, as well as their phonological distribution, it seems most likely that they are normative in the informant s dialect. Numerous parallels between on line phonetic variation and sound change have been pointed out in the literature (e.g. 6] and [7]) In all cases, sound change is thought to have its roots in articulatory phenomena that occur more or less fortuitously in on line speech. It will be argued here that this is also the case for normative preaspiration. Thus the data on the non normative preaspiration of Central Standard Swedish ....
Engstrand, O. 1997. Why are clicks so exclusive? Proc. of Fonetik - 97, Ume University, PHONUM 4, 191-194.
Phonology as Cognition - Hale, Reiss (Correct)
....examples drawn from the history of linguistic theory of the evolutionary advantages of self interested effort (NO PAIN NO GAIN) and OBFUSCATE. We refrain for reasons of space, fully confident that the reader will have no difficulty generating ample evidence on his or her own. 14 But see Engstrand 1997ab for arguments that the statistics may be misleading. For example, the purported markedness of p , as evidenced by its relative rarity in voiceless stop inventories, vis a vis t and k , is probably illusory. The overwhelming majority of the languages in a database like UPSID (Maddieson, ....
Engstrand, O. 1997b. Why are clicks so exclusive? Papers from Fonetik 97, The Ninth Swedish Phonetics Conference, held in Ume, May 28-30, 1997. Reports from the Department of Phonetics, Ume University (PHONUM), 4, 191-194.
Areal Biases in Stop Paradigms - Engstrand (1997) Self-citation (Engstrand) (Correct)
....series. Although this pattern is to be expected from proposed production and perception constraints, it is largely overridden by areal biases. Typological implications of this conclusion are discussed, with special reference to the areally skewed distribution of click sounds, in a companion paper (Engstrand, 1997) appearing in this volume. Acknowledgements This study was supported by a grant from the Swedish Council for Research in the Humanities and Social Sciences (HSFR) ....
Engstrand O. 1997. Why are clicks so exclusive? PHONUM, this issue.
Phonetic Variation as a Source of Historical Sound Change.. - Helgason (Correct)
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Engstrand, O. 1997. Why are clicks so exclusive? Fonetik-97, PHONUM, Ume Universitet.
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