J. Magee Kramer and K. Ng. Graphical configuration programming. IEEE Computing, pages 53--65, 1989.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

.... Examples of systems that use animation include SMART and VISIMON [22] Radar [20] and the Test and Measurement Processor (TMP) 11] More sophisticated functions that are finding their wayinto products for network managers include browsing through information at differentlevels of abstraction [11, 18], interactive playback of historical state information [22, 20] and exploration of network state in virtual realityenvironments [4] 4.2 Event Correlation Event correlation is the interpretation of multiple events as a unit. Although event driven monitoring is commonly preferred to time driven ....

J. Magee Kramer and K. Ng. Graphical configuration programming. IEEE Computing, pages 53--65, 1989.

.... in Olan[Bal98] quality of service or protection in Aster) Moreover most of the ADLs are based on a hierarchical composition approach[Nie95a] Nie95b] Thus they allow to describe generic program structures that may be customized and instantiated in order to produce specific versions of a program [Kra89b][Bel96] Mag93] Mag94a] The connector concept is also widely used [Sha95] All94] to specify the binding rules between components and communication properties. These properties can be quite complex when dealing with distributed applications. Examples of such properties are: communication mechanism ....

Kramer J., Magee J., Ng K., "Graphical Configuration Programming", IEEE Computer, vol.22(N.10), Oct. 1989, pp. 53-65

....interface, all of the components in a multicast must be identical. 3.2. Conic Darwin based systems Researchers at Imperial College in London have developed an innovative series of configurable distributed systems programming environments over the last decade. The earliest of these is Conic [KRA89, MAG89, KRA90], which provides a language based approach to building distributed applications. The task of building software components is separated from the process of combining these into a working program. A Conic application is structured as sets of interconnected nodes groups of tasks executing within a ....

Jeff Kramer, Jeff Magee & Ken Ng. "Graphical Configuration Programming." Computer 22:10, October 1989, 53--65. 33

.... been exemplified in educational environments like Rehearsal world [15] CabriGeometrie [28] Playground [14] Lego Logo [41] and Agentsheets [40] as well as in other systems from the fields of user interface design and software engineering like ThingLab [8] ConMan [19] Fabrik [23] Conic [25], Vista [38] SAOS [36] and PARTS [29] Central to Avakeeo s architecture is the notion of the ready made basic building blocks, the bricks , that form the raw material for the construction of Geoworlds. A component s design should be generic enough to capture an abstraction of its multiple ....

J.KRAMER, J.MAGEE, K.Ng, "Graphical Configuration Programming", IEEE Computer, October 1989. 15

....together with comments in natural language, Specification PEARL . To give an example of its application, consider the heating control of two apartments as shown in Fig. 1. For distributed systems a large number of specification methods have been developed. One of these is the Conic environment (Kramer, et al. 1989). Considering Conic more closely, it can be stated that the essential Conic specification constructs can be mapped on a one to one relationship to the instructions used in the configuration parts of PEARL for Distributed Systems. Specification PEARL can be compared, to certain extent, with KAL, ....

Kramer, J., J. Magee and K. Ng 1989. Graphical configuration programming. IEEE Computer, 22(10), pp. 53--65.

....between process ports in a dynamic system. Processes are expressed in a separate computation language that allows ports to be declared for interconnection within Darwin. Conic, the predecessor of Darwin, provides a graphical configuration mechanism for establishing bindings among the ports [12]. However, the modules of the system must still be concerned with when to send or receive messages on these ports. In Polylith [16, 17] a configuration is expressed using module interconnection constructs that establish procedure call bindings among modules in a distributed system. CONCERT [21] ....

Jeff Kramer, Jeff Magee, and Keng Ng. Graphical configuration programming. IEEE Computer, 22(10):53--65, October 1989.

....developed. For example, the task description of a Durra [1, 2] application has a static number of ports it uses to communicate with other tasks. Darwin [11, 14, 16] supports logical reconfiguration where the programmer adds code that adapts program modules to participate in reconfiguration. Conic [12, 10, 13], Darwin s predecessor, provided a graphical user interface for configuring the structure of communication among system components. Both Durra and Darwin allow adding or deleting interconnections between processes. PROFIT [9] is a language that provides a mixture of RPC and data sharing for ....

....to which messages are forwarded, it can redirect the message traffic dynamically. Although this kind of component provides switch like behavior, it has the disadvantage that the data actually must pass through the component on its way to the various destinations. The Conic configuration tools [13] allow a hierarchy of modules to be constructed, where one module may represent a collection of several other modules. Ports of the internal modules may be exposed as ports of the parent module. Thus, with support for hierarchical connection collapsing, a connection formed between two high level ....

Jeff Kramer, Jeff Magee, and Keng Ng. Graphical configuration programming. IEEE Computer, 22(10):53--65, October 1989.

....between process ports in a dynamic system. Processes are expressed in a separate computation language that allows ports to be declared for interconnection within Darwin. Conic, the predecessor of Darwin, provides a graphical configuration mechanism for establishing bindings among the ports [12]. However, the modules of the system must still be concerned with when to send or receive messages on these ports. In Polylith [15] a configuration is expressed using module interconnection constructs that establish procedure call bindings among modules in a distributed system. CONCERT [19] ....

Jeff Kramer, Jeff Magee, and Keng Ng. Graphical configuration programming. IEEE Computer, 22(10):53--65, October 1989.

.... Examples of systems that use animation include SMART and VISIMON [22] Radar [20] and the Test and Measurement Processor (TMP) 11] More sophisticated functions that are finding their way into products for network managers include browsing through information at different levels of abstraction [11, 18], interactive playback of historical state information [22, 20] and exploration of network state in virtual reality environments [4] 4.2 Event Correlation Event correlation is the interpretation of multiple events as a unit. Although event driven monitoring is commonly preferred to time driven ....

J. Magee Kramer and K. Ng. Graphical configuration programming. IEEE Computing, pages 53--65, 1989.

....between process ports in a dynamic system. Processes are expressed in a separate computation language that allows ports to be declared for interconnection within Darwin. Conic, the predecessor of Darwin, provides a graphical configuration mechanism for establishing bindings among the ports [17]. However, the modules of the system must still be concerned with when to send or receive messages on these ports. In Polylith [25] a configuration is expressed using module interconnection constructs that establish procedure call bindings among modules in a distributed system. The Weaves ....

Jeff Kramer, Jeff Magee, and Keng Ng. Graphical Configuration Programming. IEEE Computer, 22(10):5365, October 1989.

....to an element in another virtual node then it must be do so through message passing. Such a framework allows general designs to be produced, with the underlying hardware providing a controlled influence upon the design approach. Burns and Wellings [2] note how this acts as a basis for CONIC [13], SR [14] Argus [15] and StarMod [16] The virtual node concept allows us recognise the the interaction between the hardware and the software of a distributed system in a controlled manner. Unfortunately, the notations that are founded upon this concept often do not provide sufficient ....

Kramer, J, Magee, J and Ng, K, "Graphical Configuration Programming", IEEE Computer, pp. 53-65, IEEE (October 1989).

....as described in our earlier work on VAL [14] Rapide may well benefit from (and benefit) related work in the growing field of software architectures. Garlan and Shaw [40] and Perry and Wolf [41] have worked on specifying and classifying software architectures. Configuration systems such as Conic [42] allow graphical composition of objects with simple kinds of connections. The process of transforming an abstract software architecture into an instance architecture correctly and incrementally via refinements is described in [43] In the future, Rapide tools may well leverage off of tools ....

J. Kramer, J. Magee, and K. Ng, "Graphical configuration programming ", IEEE Computer, vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 53--63, Oct. 1989.

.... Display of the logical system structure A further display format allows the user to focus on interactions between program units without following the hierarchy imposed by the programmer (e.g. observing the interactions between two processes belonging to two different process clusters) ConicDraw [Kramer et al. 89] is a graphical tool which can maintain representations of executing Conic systems in terms of software component instances interconnections, and execution state. It supports on line monitoring of systems and provides graphical and textual presentation of a system s configuration state. Clicking ....

....of the screen can greatly enhance the visibility of the information and aid in comprehension of potentially very cluttered display. In time process diagram of IDD [Harter et al. 85] the user can move the rows so that information about the related processes can be placed close together. ConicDraw [Kramer et al. 89] provides various facilities expected of a diagram editor. It allows the user to interact with the tool to improve the visual layout of the display by moving or resizing the boxes representing components and moving the ports so that the lines representing port bindings do not cross. iii) ....

Kramer, J., Magee, J., Ng, K., Graphical Configuration Programming, IEEE Computing, October 1989, pp. 53-65.

....and uses the configuration management program structure separation to obtain dynamically reconfigurable software. Regis uses the Darwin configuration language, based on the Conic[23] interface adaptation method to structure the components using input and output communication objects. ConicDraw [18] can then be used to assemble the software graphically. In the Regis environment, communication is obtained through message passing in order to support concurrency in a distributed network based environment. The Kernel Tool Kit (KTK) 12] provides an alternate approach to software assembly to ....

J. Kramer, J. Magee, and K. Ng, "Graphical configuration programming," IEEE Computer, vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 53-65, October 1989.

....such as supervisor worker and divide and conquer which do not conform to the SPMD model. The use of a configuration language naturally poses the question as to whether the activity of configuration programming would be better accomplished using a graphics based tool. Our experience with ConicDraw[17], a visual programming tool for Conic, suggests that graphic representations are valuable as an aid to comprehension and as a framework to meaningfully display status and performance data on executing programs. However, visual programming of large regular graph structures is a tedious activity ....

Kramer, J., Magee, J., and Ng, K. (1989). "Graphical Configuration Programming", IEEE Computer, 22(10), 53-65.

....configuration of the system to be constructed. Experience with Conic indicated that the approach was highly beneficial for system comprehension [16] construction and evolution, including dynamic configuration [14,17] The principles underlying the approach, termed Configuration Programming [18,15], were articulated as shown in Table 1. These principles were also adapted for application to system behaviour modelling: specification and analysis. The philosophy is that the problem of consistency between the system to be constructed and the model to be analysed can be greatly ameliorated ....

Kramer J., Magee J. and Ng K., Graphical Configuration Programming, IEEE Computer, 22 (10), (1989), 53-65.

.... design convincing evidence of the utility of the configuration approach for distributed program design [KRA90] construction [MAG89] evolution [KRA85,90a] and management using graphic [KRA90] construction [MAG89] evolution [KRA85,90a] and management using graphic tools such as ConicDraw [KRA89] A number of limitations to Conic and its implementation tools such as ConicDraw [KRA89] A number of limitations to Conic and its implementation have been recognised. It provides support for have been recognised. It provides support for post hoc post hoc evolutionary change by the execution of ....

.... program design [KRA90] construction [MAG89] evolution [KRA85,90a] and management using graphic [KRA90] construction [MAG89] evolution [KRA85,90a] and management using graphic tools such as ConicDraw [KRA89] A number of limitations to Conic and its implementation tools such as ConicDraw [KRA89] A number of limitations to Conic and its implementation have been recognised. It provides support for have been recognised. It provides support for post hoc post hoc evolutionary change by the execution of evolutionary change by the execution of incremental dynamic configuration steps imposed ....

Kramer,J., Magee,J., and Ng,K. (1989). "Graphical Configuration Programming", IEEE Computer, 22(10), 53-65.

.... evidence of the utility of the configuration approach for distrbuted program design [Kramer 90a] construction [Magee 89] configuration approach for distrbuted program design [Kramer 90a] construction [Magee 89] evolution [Kramer 90b] and management using graphic tools such as ConicDraw [Kramer 89] evolution [Kramer 90b] and management using graphic tools such as ConicDraw [Kramer 89] However, a number of limitations to Conic and its implementation have also been recognised. It However, a number of limitations to Conic and its implementation have also been recognised. It provided support ....

.... [Kramer 90a] construction [Magee 89] configuration approach for distrbuted program design [Kramer 90a] construction [Magee 89] evolution [Kramer 90b] and management using graphic tools such as ConicDraw [Kramer 89] evolution [Kramer 90b] and management using graphic tools such as ConicDraw [Kramer 89] However, a number of limitations to Conic and its implementation have also been recognised. It However, a number of limitations to Conic and its implementation have also been recognised. It provided support for provided support for post hoc post hoc evolutionary change but no linguistic support ....

J. Kramer, J. Magee, K. Ng, "Graphical Configuration Programming", IEEE J. Kramer, J. Magee, K. Ng, "Graphical Configuration Programming", IEEE Computer, 22(10), October 1989, 53-65.

.... to as programming in the large [9] and component based system building using module interconnection languages [12,26] processorcomponent based system building using module interconnection languages [12,26] processormemory switch level programming [2] and configuration programming [21,22]. Evolution of the system can be achieved by making extensions or changes to the system configuration by the the system can be achieved by making extensions or changes to the system configuration by the addition or replacement of components [23] Since it seems that many new systems are created ....

.... as text to the described in [29] The configuration description may be submitted directly as text to the configuration management tool or indirectly using a graphical editor described in more detail in configuration management tool or indirectly using a graphical editor described in more detail in [21]. Note that, in addition to instance creation and linking (interconnection) the configuration [21] Note that, in addition to instance creation and linking (interconnection) the configuration description includes component location (the description includes component location (the at at clause) ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

J. Kramer, J. Magee, K. Ng, "Graphical Configuration Programming" IEEE Computer, 22(10), October 1989, 53-65.

....times are dominated by the time taken to perform a light weight thread context switch on the SPARC architecture. Local Remote Message Size(bytes) Test Synchronous X.out(M) X.in(M) Asynchronous X.out(M) X.in(M) 1 100 1000 1 100 1000 118uS 126uS 197uS 1.89mS 2.05mS 3. 01mS 121uS 131uS 182uS 0.98mS 1.16mS 2.17mS Table 1 Port communication performance In this section, we have illustrated how communication is supported in Regis by C objects. In particular, we have used the Regis port object as an example. Ports can be used to transfer messages with complex datatypes as ....

....other programming paradigms using the p calculus semantics specified for Darwin[12] The use of a configuration language naturally poses the question as to whether the activity of structuring parallel programs would be better accomplished using a graphics based tool. Our experience with ConicDraw[13] a visual programming tool for Conic, suggests that graphic representations are valuable as an aid to comprehension and as a framework to meaningfully display status and performance data on executing programs. However, visual programming of large regular graph structures is a tedious activity ....

J. Kramer, J. Magee and K. Ng,. (1989). "Graphical Configuration Programming", IEEE Computer, 22(10), 53-65.

....not clearly separate logical from physical configurations and is limited in the mappings which can be expressed. Tonic also has a configurations and is limited in the mappings which can be expressed. Tonic also has a graphical notation for expressing configurations and an associated display tool [KRA89] graphical notation for expressing configurations and an associated display tool [KRA89] However, for describing regular structures, we find the power of the textual language to be However, for describing regular structures, we find the power of the textual language to be more useful. In ....

....which can be expressed. Tonic also has a configurations and is limited in the mappings which can be expressed. Tonic also has a graphical notation for expressing configurations and an associated display tool [KRA89] graphical notation for expressing configurations and an associated display tool [KRA89] However, for describing regular structures, we find the power of the textual language to be However, for describing regular structures, we find the power of the textual language to be more useful. In concurrent programming terms, Tonic falls into the class of languages which In concurrent ....

J. Kramer, J. Magee, K. Ng, "Graphical Configuration Programming", IEEE Computer, Vol 22, No 10, Pages 53-65.

....is supported using Clipper [14] an associated operational language (based on C ) The use of a configuration language naturally poses the question as to whether the activity of structuring parallel programs would be better accomplished using a graphics based tool. Our experience with ConicDraw [15] a visual programming tool for Conic, suggests that graphic representations are valuable as an aid to comprehension and as a framework to meaningfully display status and performance data on executing programs. However, visual programming of large regular graph structures is a tedious activity ....

J. Kramer, J. Magee and K. Ng,. (1989). "Graphical Configuration Programming", IEEE Computer, 22(10), pp. 53-65.

....such as supervisor worker and divide and conquer which do not conform to the SPMD model. The use of a configuration language naturally poses the question as to whether the activity of configuration programming would be better accomplished using a graphics based tool. Our experience with ConicDraw[17], a visual programming tool for Conic, suggests that graphic representations are valuable as an aid to comprehension and as a framework to meaningfully display status and performance data on executing programs. However, visual programming of large regular graph structures is a tedious activity ....

Kramer, J., Magee, J., and Ng, K. (1989). "Graphical Configuration Programming", IEEE Computer, 22(10), 53-65.

....architectural methodology supported by a graphical environment, the System Architect s Assistant, for the design and engineering of distributed systems. The constructive design approach [19] the Darwin configuration language [21,24,25] and some initial work on graphical configuration programming [17,28] form the basis of this research work. The environment owes its name to the assistant approach adopted in the Programmer s Apprentice [30] except that we focus on generic structures as architectural clich s and use the graphical and textual configuration language as our underlying formalism. ....

....of a diagram to be achieved with the minimum of effort on the part of the u s e r . F a c t i e s p r o v d e d include the automatic clean up of diagrams by minimising line crossovers, automatic node placement, grid lines for node alignments and node templates for grouping and aligning nodes [17] Many of t h e s e a r e p e r f o r m e d automatically as a diagram is being edited, hence ensuring that the diagram is always in a tidy state. Together, they help remove much of the drudgery (such as re routing lines between nodes) from diagram m a n i p u l a t i o n , t h e r e b y a l l o ....

J.Kramer, J.Magee, K.Ng, "Graphical Configuration Programming", Computer, 22 (10), October 1989, 53-65.

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Kramer, Jeff, Jeff Magee, and Keng Ng. Graphical Configuration Programming. IEEE Computer, 22(10):53-65, October 1989.

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