Baddeley, A. D, N. Thompson, and M. Buchanan. Word Length and the Structure of Short-Term Memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 14, 1975, pp. 575-589.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....of STM to an average of 9.9 digits [HS88] 5.8 in Welsh [EH80] How can a persons native language affect their STM capacity It turns out that the kind of STM people use for remembering digits is based on the sound of those digits. A person has a two second, approximately, capacity limit [BTB75] on the amount of sound they can hold in STM. Approximately 72 English digit words can be spoken in approximately 2 seconds. The difference is caused by people having different speech rates. The Chinese spoken words for the digits are shorter than the corresponding English spoken digit words, ....

Alan D. Baddeley, Neil Thomson, and Mary Buchanan. Word length and the structure of shortterm memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 14:575--589, 1975.

....before read each word slowly, out loud. It has been found that fast talkers have better short term memory. The connection is the phonological loop. Short term memory is not limited by the number of items that can be held. The limit is the length of sound, this loop can store, about two seconds [Bad75] Faster talkers can represent more information in that two seconds, than non fast talkers. An analogy between phonological loop and a loop of tape in a tape recorder, suggests the possibility that it might only be possible to extract information as it goes past a read out point . A study by ....

Alan D. Baddeley. Word length and the structure of short-term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 14:575--589, 1975.

....and robust to normal levels of noise. This property of context maintenance may differentiate it from maintenance within the two buffer systems. Specifically, it has been argued that information within the phonological loop decays in about 2 seconds, if not actively refreshed by a rehearsal process (Baddeley, Thomson, Buchanan, 1975). PFC function A central premise of the cognitive control model is that context information is represented and maintained within PFC. This idea is consistent with a wide range of data from neurophysiology, neuropsychology, and most recently, neuroimaging. Moreover, the model provides a ....

Baddeley, A. D., Thomson, N., & Buchanan, M. (1975). Word length and the structure of shortterm memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 14, 575-589.

....of nonsense words (Snowling, 1981) Gathercole and Baddeley (1990) attribute these difficulties to memory problems, and indeed suggest that nonword repetition may be a simple test of memory performance. However, it is established that memory span is directly associated with rate of articulation (Baddeley et al. 1975), and so it may be in fact that it is the difficulties in articulation which mediate the problems in nonword repetition, rather than vice versa. Further research is needed to assess this issue. Regardless of the causality of the link between the motor skill deficits and phonological deficits, it ....

Baddeley, A.D., Thomson, N. & Buchanan, M. (1975). Word length and the structure of short term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour, 14, 575-589.

.... of 1, 2 and 3 syllables (measured as the longest list of words that the subject can recall in the correct order) and articulation rate (the mean time to repeat five times bus, monkey and butterfly) which is included in this category because memory span and articulation rate are known to co vary (Baddeley, Thomson, Buchanan, 1975). Tests of information processing speed included: tests of speed of naming of simple outline pictures (such as an outline of a cat) primary colors, single digits, and single lower case letters (all presented unpaced) simple reaction to a pure tone (press the button as soon as you hear the tone) ....

Baddeley, A.D., Thomson, N.and Buchanan, M. 1975. Word length and the structure of short term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 14: 575-589.

....frequency of words affects their lexeme retrieval and causes them to be produced quicker. In addition, as McDonald et al. 1993) point out, various researchers have suggested the prominence of short words with respect to long ones, both in terms of long term (Calhoon, 1935) and short term recall (Baddeley et al. 1975). Analyses of fixed conjuncts, or frozen phrases, such as salt and pepper) usually tend to position the more frequent (Fenk Oczlon, 1989) or shorter noun first (Cooper and Ross, 1975) Moreover, McDonald et al. 1993) report a study conducted by Kelly (1986) of non frozen conjuncts taken from a ....

Baddeley, A. D., Thomson, N., and Buchanan, M. (1975). Word length and the structure of short-term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , 14, 575--589.

....is logically possible that these problems underlie the phonological deficits rather than vice versa. Furthermore, recent research (Nicolson Fawcett, 1990) has demonstrated that there are also pervasive problems in motor skill. Given the established link between articulation rate and memory span (Baddeley, Thomson Buchanan, 1975), there is an intriguing possibility that the cognitive deficits in children are attributable to a deficit in working memory which is itself attributable to motor deficit in articulation speed. The research reported here investigates this hypothesis by means of a series of investigations of ....

....to be given where, say, the child errs on lists of length 3 but gets some right at length 4. 5 19 95 15This pattern of results therefore suggests that phonological similarity has a comparable effect on all the groups tested. 3.6. Experiment 5. Memory Span, Word Length and Articulation Rate Baddeley, Thomson and Buchanan (1975) demonstrated that adults have a higher memory span for short words than for long words. They showed further that the span was directly related to the rate at which the subjects could articulate the words involved and interpreted their results in terms of an auxiliary storage system that they ....

Baddeley, A.D., Thomson, N. & Buchanan, M. (1975). Word length and the structure of short term memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour, 14, 575-589.

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Baddeley, A. D, N. Thompson, and M. Buchanan. Word Length and the Structure of Short-Term Memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 14, 1975, pp. 575-589.

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