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F. Cohen, "Operating System Protection Through Program Evolution", Computers and Security 12(6), 1 Oct. 1993, pp. 565--584.

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Volunteer Computing - Sarmenta (2001)   (Correct)

....We decided to rename this term since dynamic obfuscation may sound like obfuscation that happens as the program runs (e.g. as in dynamic compilation ) which is not the case here. techniques used by polymorphic computer viruses, which use them to hide themselves from anti virus programs [28]. Although very difficult, deobfuscating polymorphic viruses is not impossible because viruses, being self reproductive (by definition) contain the obfuscating code. Thus, once one version has been cracked and disassembled, it is possible to reverse engineer this code and develop an antidote ....

....is an old technique that has been around since programmers first started to worry about protecting their intellectual property from reverse engineering by competitors. In 1992, Cohen studied the application of obfuscation towards protecting operating systems from attacks by hackers or viruses [28]. At around the same time, these same techniques were actually being used already by virus writers themselves in polymorphic or evolutionary computer viruses. More recently, obfuscation has gained a lot of interest with the advent of Java, whose bytecode binary executable format is very easy to ....

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F.B. Cohen. Operating System Protection Through Program Evolution. 1992. URL: http://all.net/books/IP/evolve.html


Watermarking, Tamper-Proofing, and Obfuscation - Tools for.. - Collberg, al. (2002)   (7 citations)  (Correct)

....generally believed that complete protection of client code is an unattainable goal [7] recent results (by ourselves and others) have shown that some degree of protection can be achieved. Recently, software watermarking [22] 28] 35] 60] tamper proofing [5] 6] 38] 77] and obfuscation [20], 23] 24] 25] 38] 49] 65] 92] have emerged as feasible technical means for the intellectual property protection of software. Other promising techniques, such as traitor tracing [14] secret sharing [8] reference states [39] and secure evaluation [2] 77] are still in the hands of ....

....to a desired operation code and places the code jumped to appropriately so that the jump works and the proper return address is in the middle of the previously executed instruction. In this way, we reuse the last bytes of the jump location as operation codes on the next pass through the code [20]. Antidebugging. We may disable or confuse a debugger, for example, by writing code that actively uses all available Fig. 5. Strong opaque predicates based on the intractability of alias analysis. g(V) f(p,q) p q V 2p q 0 I True 1 I 0 True 2 A AND [A, B] 0 [ 2 3 03000 13123 20213 ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

F.B. Cohen, Operating System Protection through Program Evolution. http: / / all.net/books/IP / evolve.html, 1992.


Watermarking, Tamper-Proofing, and Obfuscation - Tools for .. - Collberg, Thomborson (2000)   (7 citations)  (Correct)

....code. While it is generally believed that complete protection of client code is an unattainable goal [7] recent results (by ourselves and others) have shown that some degree of protection can be achieved. Recently, software watermarking [22,28,35,60] tamper proofing [5,6,38,77] and obfuscation [20,23 25,38,49,65, 92] have emerged as feasible technical means for the intellectual property protection of software. Other promising techniques, such as traitor tracing [14] secret sharing [8] reference states [39] and secure evaluation [2,77] are still in the hands of theorists. Obfuscation attempts to transform ....

....to a desired operation code, and place the code jumped to appropriately so that the jump works and the proper return address is in the middle of the previously executed instruction. In this way, we reuse the last bytes of the jump location as operation codes on the next pass through the code. [20]. Anti Debugging. We may disable or confuse a debugger, for example by writing code that actively uses all available interrupts (including the breakpoint interrupt) 84] If we know what debugger the reverseengineer is likely to be using, then our code may be able attack the debugger by writing ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

Frederick B. Cohen. Operating system protection through program evolution. http://all.net/ books/IP/evolve.html, 1992.


Watermarking, Tamper-Proofing, and Obfuscation - Tools for .. - Collberg, Thomborson (2000)   (7 citations)  (Correct)

....While it is generally believed that complete protection of client code is an unattainable goal, recent results (by ourselves and others) have shown that some degree of protection can be achieved. Recently, software watermarking [12, 16, 21, 36] tamper proofing [4, 5, 23, 45] and obfuscation [10, 13 15] have emerged as alternatives to other forms of intellectual property protection of software. Obfuscation attempts to transform a program into an equivalent one that is harder to reverse engineer. Tamper proofing causes a program to malfunction when it detects that it has been modified. Software ....

Frederick B. Cohen. Operating system protection through program evolution. http:// all.net/books/IP/evolve.html, 1992.


Message Authentication by Integrity - With Public Corroboration   (Correct)

No context found.

F. Cohen, "Operating System Protection Through Program Evolution", Computers and Security 12(6), 1 Oct. 1993, pp. 565--584.


White-Box Cryptography and an AES Implementation - Chow, Eisen, Johnson, van.. (2002)   (4 citations)  (Correct)

No context found.

F. Cohen, Operating System Protection Through Program Evolution, Computers and Security 12(6), 1 Oct. 1993, pp. 565-584.


Software Protection and Application Security: Understanding .. - Main, van Oorschot   (Correct)

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F. Cohen, \Operating System Protection Through Program Evolution", Computers and Security vol.12 no.6, 1 Oct. 1993, pp. 565-584.


Message Authentication by Integrity with Public Corroboration - van Oorschot (2005)   (Correct)

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F. Cohen, "Operating System Protection Through Program Evolution", Computers and Security 12(6), 1 Oct. 1993, pp. 565--584.


Message Authentication by Integrity with Public Corroboration - van Oorschot (2005)   (Correct)

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F. Cohen, "Operating System Protection Through Program Evolution", Computers and Security 12(6), 1 Oct. 1993, pp. 565--584.


Revisiting Software Protection - van Oorschot (2003)   (2 citations)  (Correct)

No context found.

F. Cohen, \Operating System Protection Through Program Evolution", Computers and Security 12(6), 1 Oct. 1993, pp. 565-584.


White-Box Cryptography and an AES Implementation - Chow, Eisen, Johnson, van.. (2002)   (4 citations)  (Correct)

No context found.

F. Cohen, Operating System Protection Through Program Evolution, Computers and Security vol.12 no.6 (1 Oct. 1993), pp.565-584.


Revisiting Software Protection - van Oorschot (2003)   (2 citations)  (Correct)

No context found.

F. Cohen, \Operating System Protection Through Program Evolution", Computers and Security 12(6), 1 Oct. 1993, pp. 565-584.


White-Box Cryptography and an AES Implementation - Chow, Eisen, Johnson, van.. (2002)   (4 citations)  (Correct)

No context found.

F. Cohen, Operating System Protection Through Program Evolution, Computers and Security vol.12 no.6 (1 Oct. 1993), pp.565-584.


The Obfuscation Executive - Heffner, Collberg (2004)   (Correct)

No context found.

F. B. Cohen. Operating system protection through program evolution. all.net/books/IP/evolve. html, 1992.


Software Watermarking in the Frequency Domain.. - Sahoo, Collberg (2004)   (2 citations)  (Correct)

No context found.

Frederick B. Cohen. Operating system protection through program evolution. all.net/books/IP/ evolve.html, 1992.


Randomized Instruction Set Emulation to Disrupt.. - Barrantes, Ackley, .. (2003)   (16 citations)  (Correct)

No context found.

F. Cohen. Operating System Protection through Program Evolution. Computers and Security, 12(6):565--584, Oct. 1993.


Randomized Instruction Set Emulation - To Disrupt Binary (2003)   (Correct)

No context found.

COHEN, F. Operating System Protection through Program Evolution. Computers and Security 12, 6 (Oct. 1993), 565--584.


Obfuscation of Executable Code to Improve Resistance to Static .. - Linn, Debray (2003)   (10 citations)  (Correct)

No context found.

F. B. Cohen. Operating system protection through program evolution, 1992. http://all.net/books/IP/evolve.html.


General Method of Program Code Obfuscation - Wroblewski (2002)   (5 citations)  (Correct)

No context found.

Frederick B. Cohen, Operating System Protection Through Program Evolution, 1992

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