Kraut, R., Fish, R., Root, B., Chalfonte, B. (1993). Informal Communication in Organizations. In Groupware and Computer Supported Cooperative Work, R. Baecker, Ed. M. Kaufman, San Mateo, CA.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....by providing an interface for group members to easily view nuggets in the mine. WHY NUGGETMINE EXISTS Short, informal communication plays an integral part in workgroup productivity. Group members use informal communication to quickly share information and to maintain a shared knowledge base [26][14]. Much research has focused on understanding and developing software applications that augment such communication within a workgroup. There are studies of common applications that support group communication such as email [27] and instant messaging [18] Experimental groupware applications such as ....

Kraut, R., Fish, R., Root, B., Chalfonte, B. (1993). Informal Communication in Organizations. In Groupware and Computer Supported Cooperative Work, R. Baecker, Ed. M. Kaufman, San Mateo, CA.

....a situation where collaborators share responsibility for a report, but do not author it synchronously, awareness of the presence of others has been shown to be useful. Presence information derives much of its importance from its role in facilitating informal interaction. It is well established [7, 15] that . collaboration among knowledge workers is to a large extent dependent on informal interaction. Typically short, informal interactions are useful for coordinating and managing interdependencies, exchanging information, problem solving and carrying out work related tasks [e.g. 7, 15] ....

Kraut, R., Fish, R., Root, R. and Chalfonte, B. Informal Communication in Organizations. In People's Reactions to technology in Factories, Offices and Aerospace, S. Oskamp and S. Spacapan, (Eds.). pp. 145199. Sage Publications: New York, 1990.

....theory, informal communication, computer mediated communication, outeraction. INTRODUCTION Recent empirical work has shown the importance of informal workplace communication for effective collaboration. By informal we mean interactions that are generally impromptu, brief, context rich and dyadic [16,34,35,36]. These interactions support joint problem solving, coordination, social bonding, and social learning all of which are essential for complex collaboration [16,17,19,20,23,24,34,35] This research demonstrates that face to face interaction is the primary means of informal communication in the ....

....for effective collaboration. By informal we mean interactions that are generally impromptu, brief, context rich and dyadic [16,34,35,36] These interactions support joint problem solving, coordination, social bonding, and social learning all of which are essential for complex collaboration [16,17,19,20,23,24,34,35]. This research demonstrates that face to face interaction is the primary means of informal communication in the workplace, though email is also gaining ground [18] In this paper, we document the utility of a technology which is relatively new to the workplace instant messaging for ....

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Kraut, R., Fish, R., Root, R. & Chalfonte, B. Informal Communication in Organizations. (1990). In S. Oskamp and S. Spacapan, (Eds).People's Reactions to Technology in Factories, Offices and Aerospace. NewYork: Sage.

....and various types of public records (e.g. US Congressional Debates) are also being archived. Furthermore, research indicates that such archives are potentially highly valuable: speech communication has been shown to be both ubiquitous and critical for the execution of many workplace tasks [6]. However, despite the potential importance of such speech archives, they are currently underutilized, due to the lack of useful tools for accessing and browsing large speech archives. One natural starting point for identifying techniques for speech access is in the information retrieval ....

....these systems has generally been within the information retrieval tradition of developing methods for efficiently finding sets of speech documents, rather than supporting local navigation tasks. Other systems have also been built to provide access to multimedia data such as television broadcasts [4,6]. These systems use vision techniques such as scene analysis and key frame detection to identify transitions and scenes in video. Users can click on salient video stills to access the underlying speech relating to a given scene. Such systems have sometimes relied on close captioning rather than ....

Kraut, R., Fish, R., Root, B., and Chalfonte, B. Informal communication in organizations. In R. Baecker (Ed.), Groupware and Computer Supported Co-operative Work, 287-314, Morgan Kaufman, 1992.

....communication occurs often, and for many people such as managers it represents their most frequent workplace activity. Questionnaire data and observational data produce estimates of between 35 and 75 of time being spent in face to face interaction, with these figures depending on job type (Kraut, Fish, Rice Chalfonte, 1993, Panko, 1992, Sproull, 1984, Whittaker, Frohlich Daly Jones, 1994a) While these studies document the frequency of interpersonal communication, they do not show its precise benefits or function. The importance of interpersonal communication is demonstrated by research into scientific ....

.... 2 (Finholt, Sproull Kiesler, 1990) Finally, questionnaire studies support the effects of proximity (and hence interpersonal communications) on social and organisational knowledge: Researchers are more likely to be familiar with, and to respect the work of colleagues who sit close to them (Kraut et al. 1993). This research shows the importance of interpersonal communication, but trends towards telework, mobile work and the globalisation of business are geographically separating workers. For coworkers separated by large distances, and in different time zones, the potential for opportunistic ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

KRAUT, R., FISH, R., ROOT, B. & CHALFONTE, B. (1993). Informal communication in organizations. In R. Baecker Ed., Groupware and Computer Supported Co-operative Work. San Mateo, California: Morgan Kaufman.

....people to remain in the background, monitoring general conversations until they spot a topic of direct relevance, or they need to pose a question of their own. This type of background involvement has been observed to be beneficial in the case of corporate email [11] and interpersonal communication [12]. This form of participation has also been proposed as an important way for novices to learn about a novel topic [12] While the conversational and participation data suggest a view in which conversation is carried out locally by a few participants, the cross posting data suggest a slightly ....

....they need to pose a question of their own. This type of background involvement has been observed to be beneficial in the case of corporate email [11] and interpersonal communication [12] This form of participation has also been proposed as an important way for novices to learn about a novel topic [12]. While the conversational and participation data suggest a view in which conversation is carried out locally by a few participants, the cross posting data suggest a slightly different perspective. It turns out that cross posting is frequent, although it propagates potentially irrelevant messages ....

Kraut, R., Fish, R., Root, B. and Chalfonte, B. Informal communication in organizations. In R. Baecker (Ed.), Groupware and Computer Supported Co-operative Work, 287-314, Morgan Kaufman, CA, 1992.

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