Heath, C. and Luff, P. (1992): `Collaboration and Control. Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Control Rooms', Computer Supported Cooperative Work, vol. 1, no. 1-2, 1992, pp. 69-94.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....as specific coordinative practices. However, in spite of this virtually seamless integration, the practices of mutual alignment are not strictly speaking effortless. Actors mutual alignment is predicated on selective and active monitoring and displaying. A range of workplace studies (e.g. HEA 92; HAR 93; SHA 94; HEA 96] have demonstrated that the apparently effortless mutual alignment and integration of activities do not occur through osmosis or some other automatic process. In doing their individual parts of the joint effort, actors will typically modulate their own activities in ....

HEATH, CHRISTIAN C., and PAUL LUFF: `Collaboration and control: Crisis management and multimedia technology in London Underground control rooms,' Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW): An International Journal, vol. 1, no. 1-2, 1992, pp. 69-94.

....creating a shared understanding about the team. The system addresses this by providing specific articulation objects for tracking and planning as well as a novel model for supporting awareness. The role of awareness for team performance has been pointed out in a number of field studies (see e.g. [8]) TeamSpace provides synchronous and asynchronous awareness mechanisms. The synchronous awareness features use two levels of detail about ongoing activities. First, a place based global overview offers team wide visibility about current activities. Second, the TeamSpace communicator offers a ....

Heath, C. and Luff, P. Collaboration and control: crisis management and multimedia technology in London underground control rooms. Computer Supported Cooperative Work 1, 1-2, 1992.

....to the need for an adequate understanding of the nature of work to underpin the construction of interactive systems. In the context of system design, ethnographic studies have included photocopier use [13] office work [14] air traffic control [7] police work [1] and underground control rooms[8]. However, ethnography though holding much promise is still relatively untried in system design. It has been, and still is, strong on its critique of other methods, such as Task Analysis [4] but it has yet to prove itself within the wider community of software engineering, particularly to those ....

Heath, C. and Luff, P., Collaboration and control: Crisis management and multimedia technology in London Underground line control rooms, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Vol 1 No 1-2, pp 69-94.

....link may result in replacing the document currently viewed (as is the standard behaviour in the context of HTML) or by inserting the target for the link in the viewed document. The traversal may be initiated by the user (e.g. by clicking on a link) or at the time of document retrieval. XPointer [30] is used to identify regions of interest in XML documents. XPointer allows for selection based on ids, hierarchical structure (from XPath [27] or an arbitrary user selection (e.g. selecting a string in the rendered XML document) This is a quite sophisticated addressing scheme that should cover ....

....decentralised information storage and retrieval system. Technical report, Division of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, 1999. http: www.freenetproject.org freenet.pdf. 29] A. Clement. Considering privacy in the development of multi media communications. CSCW Journal, 2(1 2) 1994. [30] R. Daniel, S. DeRose, and E. Maler (editors) XML Pointer Language (XPointer) W3C Working Draft 6 December 1999, W3C, Dec. 1999. http: www.w3.org TR xptr. 31] C. X. D Arlach and J. J. Leggett. HyperEd: a spatial hypertext editor. Technical Report TAMU HRL 94 005, Department of Computer ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

C. Heath and P. Luff. Collaboration and control: Crisis management and multimedia technology in London Underground line control rooms. CSCW Journal, 1(1-- 2):69--94, 1992.

....mailing list. Broadcasting all communications makes the development work transparent. This transparency provides, in a limited way, one level of awareness about what others are doing. This is similar to over hearing a conversation between others or people talking out loud about their own work [10]. Through overhearing, members can perceive what is going on. One informant put it, When I skim through the mailing lists, I can know mostly what others are involved with. Well, sometimes I cannot understand difficult issues but at least can perceive what is going on. Information overload due to ....

Heath, C. and Luff, P. Collaboration and Control: Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Line Control Rooms, Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 1, 1992, 69-94

.... an adequate understanding of practice on occasions of design instruct us to pay attention to the routine interaction of staff and the ways in which they produce, utilise and transform information through the practiced uses of artefacts in the course of works performance (Suchman Trigg, 1991; Heath Luff, 1992; Hughes et al. 1992) Without disagreement, indeed in the spirit of further development, I want to pose the question what more do we need to do in order to develop an adequate appreciation of the local production of organisation on any occasion of workoriented design; what more might going ....

Heath, C. & Luff, P. (1992) Collaboration and Control: Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Control Rooms, Computer Supported Cooperative Work: An International Journal, 1 (1), 69-94.

....how in EuroCoOp EuroCODE a certain sequence of descriptions and overviews of the then current work was used as part of the iterative design process as starting points for creating scenarios. 23] and many others, including the entire field of ethnographic studies of work, known from CSCW (e.g. 20, 21, 30] have provided a useful basis for extracting such situations. 15] discusses the use of such situations extracted from ethnographic field studies, called instances, in design. In the EuroCODE framework we worked from there also to understand the roles of scenarios in creating something ....

C. Heath, & P. Luff, Collaboration and Control: Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Line Control Rooms. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) 1, 1992, 69-94.

....of systems to be operated by several people working together. The group of social scientists most involved in this are ethnomethodologists, who have undertaken a number of studies of work which have examined the nature of cooperative work supported by technology (Harper, Lamming, Newmann, 1992; Heath Luff, 1992; Hughes, Randall, Shapiro, 1992) The enthusiasm for the results of these studies has been balanced by a frustration with accessing and making use of the results in design. Ethnographers have started to examine the nature of the communication problem that exists between systems designers and ....

....Development 4 The sociological tradition turned to most frequently for this purpose is ethnomethodological ethnography. The early ethnographic studies in the CSCW literature were performed first and foremost as a study of the use of technology in cooperative work settings such as control rooms (Heath Luff, 1992), research laboratories (Harper, et al. 1992) City dealing rooms (Heath, Jirotka, Luff, Hindmarsh, 1993) and so on. Consideration of how the reported studies might affect any new technology being introduced into the workplaces would often appear to be an afterthought, and how the use of ....

Heath, C., & Luff, P. (1992). Collaboration and control: crisis management and multimedia technology in London Underground control rooms. Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 1(1), 69-94.

....a continual awareness of their colleagues. This awareness is seamlessly managed through rich and varied channels such as glances out of the corner of the eye which do not disrupt each individual s activity. The subtlety of collaborators use of awareness information is vividly illustrated in Heath and Lu# s (1992) ethnographic study of workplace activity in a London Underground control room. the Controller will swear, feign momentary illness or even sing a couple of bars of a song to draw the DIA s attention to an emergent problem within the operation of the service. The various objects used [ ....

Heath, C. & Lu#, P. (1992), `Collaboration and control: Crisis management and multimedia technology in london underground line control rooms', Computer Supported Cooperative Work 1, 64--94.

....in the management of collaboration. In a series of studies Heath and colleagues have identified recurring themes in the way individuals adjust their patterns of communication, including through the deployment of workplace artifacts, to sustain collaborative activity (e.g. Heath, et al. 1993, Heath and Luff, 1992). For example, outlouds are a class of utterances that have a broadcast character which helps to manipulate the visibility of activities to members of a team without being addressed to any specific individual or requiring any specific acknowledgement. These studies of the social and ....

Heath, C. and Luff, P. 1992. Collaboration and Control: Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Control Rooms. Computer Supported Cooperative Work .1:69-94.

.... this awareness to guide their work (Erickson, et al. 1999) For example, air traffic controllers monitor others in their workspace to anticipate their future workflow (Bentley, et al. 1992; Hughes, King, Rodden, Andersen, 1994) This effect has also been found in other control room settings (Heath, Luff, 1992) and trading floors (Heath, Jirotka, Luff, Hindmarsh, 1994) An active area of research is adding awareness (i.e. knowing who is present) and peripheral awareness (i.e. low level monitoring of others activity) to shared communication systems. Recent research is addressing the trade offs ....

Heath, C., & Luff, P. (1992). Collaboration and Control: Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Line Control Rooms. Computer Supported Cooperative Work Journal, 1(1), 69-94.

.... of ongoing activities of other practitioners in relation to a monitored process without disrupting their ongoing work or the communication process between the monitored parties (e.g. voice loops in space shuttle mission control, Watts et al. 1996b; train controllers in the London Underground, Heath and Luff, 1992; voice loops in air carrier operations, Rochlin et al. 1987) With these technological aids, practitioners are able to listen in on the activities of other distributed agents. Listening in facilitates coordination in response to events in a monitored process and primes practitioner s ....

Heath, C., & Luff, P. (1992). Collaboration and control: Crisis management and multimedia technology in London underground line control rooms, Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (1), 69-94.

....the design evolved together with a culture of trust and acceptable practices relating to its use. Individual freedom was fostered, to use, customise, or ignore the technology. Design was informed by studies of how collaborative work is socially organised and how such technology impacts it (e.g. Heath Luff, 1991; 1992). Users views and reactions were obtained via questionnaires and interviews. The varied individual feelings about privacy were accommodated by ensuring that users could decide how accessible they were to others via the media space (Dourish, 1991; Gaver et al. 1992; Dourish, 1992) In designing ....

Heath, C.C., and Luff, P. Collaboration and Control: Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Line Control Rooms. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) 1, 1992, 69-94.

.... of the use of artifactually embodied protocols for the articulation of cooperative activities in different work domains, e.g. standard operating procedures in administrative work [36; 38] classification schemes for large repositories [1; 4] checklists [9] time tables in urban transport [19]; flight progress strips in air traffic control [18] production control systems in manufacturing [31] planning tools for manufacturing design [7] and fault correction procedures in engineering and software design [6] A coordination mechanism (CM) can be defined as a protocol, encompassing a ....

Heath, Christian, and Paul Luff: "Collaboration and Control. Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Control Rooms," Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW). An International Journal, vol. 1, no. 1-2, 1992, pp. 69-94.

.... 1, people tacitly monitor each other; they make their activities sufficiently apperceptible for others; they take each others past, present and prospective activities into account in planning and conducting their own work; they gesture, talk, write to each other, and so on (Harper et al. 1989; Heath and Luff, 1992; Harper and Hughes, 1993; Heath et al. 1993) Accordingly, much of the research in CSCW has focused on providing enhanced means of communication, either in order to enable actors to cooperate more effectively and efficiently in spite of geographical distance, or in order to widen the repertoire ....

....Organisation of Trading in a City Dealing Room, in ECSCW 93. Proceedings of the Third European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 13 17 September 1993, Milan, Italy, ed. by G. De Michelis, C. Simone and K. Schmidt, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1993, pp. 155 170. Heath, Christian, and Paul Luff: Collaboration and Control. Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Control Rooms, Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) An International Journal, vol. 1, no. 1 2, 1992, pp. 69 94. Johnson, Philip: Supporting Exploratory CSCW with the EGRET Framework, in CSCW ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

Heath, Christian, and Paul Luff: "Collaboration and Control. Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Control Rooms," Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW). An International Journal, vol. 1, no. 1-2, 1992, pp. 69-94.

....situation and the social relations at work have flourished. For example: the Workplace project (Suchman, 1993) an ethnographic study of ground operations at an airport; Heath s analyses of the use of visible and audible actions to implicitly coordinate work in a London Underground control room (Heath and Luff, 1992); analyses of complex coordination in air traffic control (Hughes, Randall, and Shapiro, 1992 and 1993) and a study of workflow on the factory floor in the print industry (Bowers, Button, and Sharrock, 1995) With respect to the objectives of this article, it should not go unnoticed that, even ....

HEATH, C. and LUFF, P. (1992). Collaboration and Control: Crisis management and multi-media technology in London underground line control rooms. Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 1, 69-94.

No context found.

Heath, C. and Luff, P., Collaboration and Control: Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in LU Line Control Rooms. CSCW, 1, 1-2, 69-94, 1992.

No context found.

Heath, C. and Luff, P. (1992): `Collaboration and Control. Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Control Rooms', Computer Supported Cooperative Work, vol. 1, no. 1-2, 1992, pp. 69-94.

No context found.

Heath, C. & Luff, P. (1992). Collaboration and Control: Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Line Control Rooms. Journal of CSCW, 1.1, p. 24-48.

No context found.

Heath, C. & Luff, P. Collaboration and Control: Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Line Control Rooms, Journal of Comp. Supported Cooperative Work, 1:1, 1992, 24---48

No context found.

Heath, C.; Luff, P. Collaboration and Control: Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Line Control Rooms. In Computer Supported Cooperative Work An International Journal;Kluwer Academic Publishers: London, UK, 1992.

No context found.

Heath, Christian C., and Paul Luff: `Collaboration and control: Crisis management and multimedia technology in London Underground control rooms,' Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW): An International Journal, vol. 1, no. 1-2, 1992, pp. 69-94.

No context found.

Heath, C. and Luff, P., Collaboration and control: crisis management and multimedia technology in London Underground control rooms. Computer Supported Cooperative Work l, 1 (1992) 69-94.

No context found.

Heath, Christian, and Paul Luff: "Collaboration and Control. Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Control Rooms," Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW). An International Journal, vol. 1, no. 1-2, 1992, pp. 69-94.

No context found.

Collaboration and Control: Crisis Management and Multimedia Technology in London Underground Line Control Rooms, JCSCW '92, vol. 1, the Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

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