Prasun Dewan and Rajiv Choudhary. A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multiuser Interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):345--380, October 1992.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....programmer to customize how users create, join, leave, and manage participation in a CSCW application. At last count, more than thirty groupware toolkits have been developed by the research community. Toolkits frequently cited as reference systems include Groupkit [55] Rendezvous [56] and Suite [57]. Groupkit is a Tcl Tk based toolkit available on Unix, Windows95, and Macintosh platforms. It uses a replicated architecture, with event broadcasting when local changes need to be sent to remote users. Remote events are processed in a manner similar to local events. A large number of groupware ....

.... SSITESELECTION SELECTVIEWBB Running Table 4: Session Control window from SQA Suite TM 5 A CSCW Application Methodology for Testing Design, implementation, test, and maintenance of CSCW applications is a much more difficult process than for single user applications [7] 8] 9] 12] 40] [57]. Prior CSCW evaluation efforts were broad based, advocating the examination of both the social and technological aspects of an application. These broad based approaches combined with the research community s preference for social evaluation have created a lack of specific techniques for the ....

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Dewan, P. and R. Choudhary, A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multiuser User Interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 1992. 10(4):346-380.

....make to the shared workspace. Tight coupling provides more frequent change updates; loose coupling provides less frequent updates. There is no single correct coupling for CSCW. What kind of coupling should be used varies from application to application, and even within a single application [2]. Human computer interaction response time tests and distributed computing scalability tests are useful with this technology. Security, privacy and trust are important to cooperating users. Users should be able to work in a private area where they feel confident that their activities are ....

P. Dewan and R. Choudhary. A high-level and flexible framework for implementing multiuser user interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):346-- 380, 1992.

....[17] is a co operative hypermedia system for co operatively editing hypermedia documents. It is written in Smalltalk and provides a single hardcoded application, a shared hypermedia editor. The underlying platform COAST [16] o#ers general services for synchronous, document based groupware. Suite [2] extends a framework for developing single user applications by mechanisms supporting groupware aspects. A Suite application consists of a module, which runs on a central server, and replicated dialogue managers. Because of their replication, dialogue managers are able to o#er individual user ....

Prasun Dewan and Rajiv Choudhary. A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multiuser Interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):345--380, October 1992.

.... activities, but within the discipline of computer science it is generally associated with the field of computer supported collaborative work (CSCW) There, efforts have largely focused on the use of awareness for coordination purposes, for example in multi user editors (e.g. MMM [5] and Suite [13]) or collaborative workspaces (e.g. BSCW [3] and TUKAN [32] The basic underlying theory is that providing users with appropriate contextual information allows them to make much more sophisticated decisions in coordinating their individual and group activities than any automated approach ever ....

P. Dewan and R. Choudhary, A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multi-user Interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 1992. 10(4): p. 345380.

.... Business TRON , which is an operating system for workstations or personal computers in the TRON architecture. gies. This paper addresses multiuser interface issues of the BTRON2 window system, especially its software architecture and implementation mechanisms. Conventionally, groupware toolkits [4, 7, 9] support the implementation of multiuser inter faces. They keep consistency of information displayed on multiple screens by sharing semantics data variables. For example, to show multiple users temperature in a room, the most popular approach is to share directly a variable of the temperature ....

....of the full replication architecture that it executes semantic operations multiple times, once for each copy of the applications. Additionally, unlike our system, the distributed implementation of the functional core portion is not feasible upon GroupKit. Hybrid architecture: Liza [7] Suite [4], and Rendezvous [9] are representative multiuser interface systems of the hybrid architecture. They clearly separate interaction object modules and functional core modules. Usually, the former are replicated on each machine, and the latter are centralized in one machine. The centralized ....

P. Dewan and R. Choudhary. A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multiuser User Interfaces. ACM TOIS, Vol. 10, No. 4, 1992, p. 345 380.

....messages indicating whether it is their turn or not (figure 7) This form is called signature customization, meaning that the relation is implicitly parameterized by the signature (or name) of the particular client. Signature customization provides the basis for programming collaboration awareness [7], where participants are made aware of the activities of other members of a group. 2.3.1 Transparent Customization Transparent customization is provided automatically through the mechanism of binding views to application programs. One of the primary goals of the relational view model is to ....

....this architecture a copy of the multi user application is replicated to each user, typically executing locally on the user s workstation. Shared window system researchers have investigated benefits and drawbacks of the two basic architectures [5, 17] Analyses can also be found in for example [7] and [8, pp 456 457] Briefly, the advantage of using a centralized architecture is its simplicity in terms of implementation. This is due to the fact that only one copy of the multi user application exists. The major drawback of a centralized architecture is, as we demonstrated in section 3.1, ....

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Dewan, P. and Choudhary, R. A high-level and flexible framework for implementing multiuser user interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):345--380, October 1992.

....developers attempt to offer flexibility to support different applications, we will briefly discuss programmer control in three sample systems Suite, Oval and COLA. Suite is multi user application toolkit which focuses on editor based interfaces implemented over a shared data model (Dewan, 1990; Dewan and Choudhary, 1992). Programmer control over aspects of the infrastructure is provided through the coupling mechanism between shared active variables and interaction variables (Dewan and Choudhary, 1995) Shared active variables are the abstract variables of the shared workspace, available (in one form or another) ....

Dewan, P. and Choudhary, R. (1992): "A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multi-User Interfaces". In Proc. ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work CSCW'92 (Toronto, Canada), New York: ACM.

....Although developers of distributed collaborative applications must have fundamental knowledge of issues in constructing distributed software, their concern is not to directly deal with them. Frameworks like Rusken s contract based framework [32] Corona [22] COAST [47] and multi user Suite [15] present to developers a higher level mapping of distributed software concern. Rusken, for example, is a virtual space browser built using a contract based framework. The concept applies the notion of design by contract [36] in the framework. It uses Contract classes as an encapsulation of ....

P. Dewan and R. Choudhary. A high-level and flexible framework for implementing multiuser user interface. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):345--380, 1992.

....with a central server is used. Many designers of groupware focus on the distribution architecture when presenting their platforms. Unfortunately the terms defining a specific distribution architecture are extremely vague. The classical approach to describe distribution architectures (e.g. in [1] [4], 15] 26] distinguishes between two types: In central architectures, the groupware application runs on a central server. This architectures often are called single site execution. In replicated architectures, the groupware application runs on each user s site (multi site execution) ....

....of hybrid architectures, from which two variations are presented in the following. Centralized state (H2) Figure 6a) shows a hybrid architecture with has a central state and allows direct communication between presentation components. This architecture has been implemented in the Suite platform [4]. H2 is a mixture of C2 and D2b and combines a simple centralized data management with directly connected presentation components. Another platform based on this architecture is the Notification Server [22] The Notification Server manages shared data and informs the presentation components about ....

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Dewan P.; Choudhary R., A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multiuser Interfaces, ACM Transactions on Information Systems, Vol. 10, No. 4, Oct. 1992, 345-380

.... of these collaborative applications can be well representative of MULTI NO QUEUE) ffl Tool kits that support collaboration within some set of software activities, like the abovementioned FLECSE, which employs various dedicated groupware tools, all built on the common framework provided by Suite [9]. ffl Complex and large size knowledge based CASE tools and systems, as Concept Demo [8] that employs AI planning formalisms to guide the process of developing software artifacts, or Refine, that proposes a programming language, a data repository in the form of a knowledge base, and a set of ....

Prasun Dewan and Rajiv Choudary. A High-level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multiuser User Interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):345--380, October 1992.

....integrated (with XTV, not a PCE) in Black Box fashion with no modification or extensions. If we had employed XTV instead of xmove, 6 then most of our MULTI QUEUE tools could nominally become MULTI NO QUEUE as far as MTP was concerned, but still lacking facilities for truly concurrent work. Suite [17] is a toolkit for constructing shared GUIs for computer supported collaborative work tools, where generally the tools must be modified or written from scratch (i.e. White Box) It has been applied to a number of software engineering tools in Flecse [18] Suite also utilizes floor passing, as in ....

Prasun Dewan and Rajiv Choudhary. A high-level and flexible framework for implementing multiuser user interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):345--380, October 1992.

....tool and run time component visualisation tool complement this design and implementation tool s functionality. Collaborative editing. Developers need to exchange software development artifacts and collaboratively edit these in various ways, ranging from fully synchronous to asynchronous editing [7, 11]. They also need support to version artifacts and manage component based systems configurations made up from multiplely versioned artifacts [20] We have added collaborative editing support to our tools via plug in software components. Component management. Component based systems leverage ....

....support possible. Another approach is to develop synchronous editors for design level or even code level work, examples including Mercury [17] and ConversationBuilder [18] Various toolkits to support building such applications have been developed, including GroupKit [28] MetaMOOSE [9] and Suite [7]. Unfortunately most collaborative editing tools and toolkits lack adequate support for process management and work co ordination, and often focus heavily on synchronous work whereas most software development activity is asynchronous. Process centred environments aim to guide or enforce the use ....

Dewan, P. and Choudhary, R. A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multiuser User Interfaces. ACM TOIS, vol. 10, no. 4, October 1992, ACM Press, 345380.

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Prasun Dewan and Rajiv Choudhary. A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multiuser Interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):345--380, October 1992.

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P. Dewan and R. Choudhary. A high-level and flexible framework for implementing multiuser user interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):346-- 380, 1992.

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Dewan, P., Choudhary, R.: A high-level and flexible framework for implementing multiuser interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems 10 (1992) 345-- 380

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Prasun Dewan and Rajiv Choudhary. A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multiuser Interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):345--380, October 1992.

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Dewan, P. and Choudhary, R. (1992). A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multiuser Interfaces.

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Prasun Dewan and Rajiv Choudhary. A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multiuser Interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):345--380, October 1992.

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P. Dewan and R. Choudhary. A high-level and flexible framework for implementing multiuser user interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):346-- 380, 1992.

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Prasun Dewan and Rajiv Choudhary. A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multiuser Interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):345--380, October 1992.

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P. Dewan, R. Choudhary. A high level and flexible framework for implementing multi-user user interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4), 1992, pp. 345-380.

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P.Dewan and R. Choudhary. A high-level and flexible framework for implementing multi-user user interfaces. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10(4):345-- 380, October 1992.

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Prasun Dewan and Rajiv Choudhary, `A high-level and flexible framework for implementing multiuser user interfaces', ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 10, (4), 345--380 (1992).

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Dewan, P. and R. Choudhary "A high-level and flexible framework for implementing multi-user user interfaces.", ACM Transaction on Information Systems, Vol. 10, No. 4, pages 345-380. 1992. 157

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P. Dewan and R. Choudhary. "A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multi-User UserInterfaces. " ACM Transations on Information Systems., October 1992, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 345-380.

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