I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo. Composite Temporal Events in Active Database Rules: A Logic-Oriented Approach. submitted for publication.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....causeeffect relationships. One important issue when dealing with events is to provide an expressive event specification language with a clear semantics and an eiticient detection mechanism. Proposals have been made for event specification language and event detection in active database systems [5, 4, 14, 18, 26, 25]. However they do not consider deeply enough the fact of composing events that are themselves composite events and they do not really explain what are negative events, i.e. events using negation operator, and how to deal with such events during the detection process. Ode [26] uses an extended ....

I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo. Composite Temporal Events in Active Database Rules: A Logic-Oriented Approach. In ? st Int. Conf. Deductive and Object-Oriented Databases, December 1995.

....should be extended to the unbundling of the active capabilities. Such an approach provides more flexibility for developing applications needing active functionality and not necessary database functionality. From the wide variety of proposals for event detection and management in database systems [MZ95, Cha97, Pat98] one may find dimensions characterizing the event specification and the event detection or production processes [WC96, Dia95, DGG95, Pat98] However distribution has not been widely introduced in active database environments and particularly in event management [Lia97] Even if ....

I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo, Composite Temporal Events in Active Database Rules: A Logic-Oriented Approach, DOOD'95 (Singapore), December 1995.

....active functionality and not necessary database functionality. Supported by the CONACyT of the Mexican Government. Supported by the CAPES of the Brazilian Government. 2 Christine Collet et al. From the wide variety of proposals for event detection and management in database systems [MZ95,Cha97,Pat98] one may find dimensions characterizing the event specification and the event detection or production processes [WC96,Dia95,DGG95,Pat98] However distribution has not been widely introduced in active database environments and particularly in event management [Lia97] Even if rules may ....

I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo. Composite Temporal Events in Active Database Rules: A Logic-Oriented Approach. In DOOD'95, Singapore, December 1995.

....on the unfounded sequence [n 1] n 2] so P is not locally stratified: in the well founded model, p is undefined. 2 4. 4 Composite Events Although the Statelog language is surprisingly simple, various kinds of composite events and consumption modes can be expressed, as shown in [MZ95] using a closely related variant of Datalog 1S . Assume, for instance, that we want to detect the composite event E(X;Y ) F (X) G(Y ) i.e. F (X) followed by G(Y ) for some (external or internal) events F and G. Under an unrestricted context, this can be expressed by temporal reduction ....

....context, events are processed in a first in first out manner, and thus make use of a queue in an essential way. Therefore, one can show (see [Lud98] that composite events with chronicle contexts are not expressible in pure Statelog and require appropriate extensions (e.g. timestamping as in [MZ95] 15 4.5 Formal Results Using Statelog as a unified logical language for active and deductive rules allows to study abstract rule properties like termination, expressive power, and complexity (see also Section 3.1) Here, we only sketch the main results; see [LLM98] and [Lud98] for details. ....

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I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo. Composite Temporal Events in Active Database Rules: A Logic-Oriented Approach. In Ling et al. [LMV95], pp. 19--37.

....database, then fire the action (A) which can be a database manipulation operation CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 4 and or a procedural action. We propose that NM functions be specified as ECA rules. A number of ADB systems support composite event specification languages (CESL) GJS92a, GD94, CKAK94, MZ96] that allow temporal correlation of ADB events. But the existing CESLs are not well suited for the specification of event management requirements of NM. For example, composite event expression involving aggregation on event attributes, and persistent composite events, that is events that are ....

....as Sybase, Oracle, and DB2. The SQL3 standard defines a triggering mechanism where a rule is fired in response to a single primitive database operation event. A number of composite event specification languages have been proposed by researchers: ODE [GJS92a] SAMOS [GD94] Snoop [CKAK94] EPL [MZ96] and CEDAR [Has95] proposed by the author. CHAPTER 3. ACTIVE AND TEMPORAL DATABASES 39 3.2 Temporal Databases A temporal database in [ea93] is defined as a database that supports some aspect of time. In other words, a TDBMS understands the notion of time and provides temporal operators that ....

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I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo. Composite temporal events in active database rules: A logic-oriented approach. In Proc. International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, 1996. To appear.

....like [Abi88, AV91] or [MW88, Che95] which refer to different states only implicitly. Thus their semantics is more tied to either bottom up or top down evaluation, respectively. 8 Conclusion In recent work, the benefits of an integration of active and deductive rules have become apparent [Zan95, MZ95, LHL95] First of all, a logical framework unambiguously specifies the semantics of rules a necessary precondition to verify and reason about the behavior of rules. For example, the semantics of transactional events like abort and commit is completely specified in our logical framework. ....

I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo. Composite temporal events in active database rules: A logic-oriented approach. In 4th DOOD, LNCS 1013, 1995.

....those for which there have been no sideeffects) and those for which external intervention may be required. They may also be viewed as those affecting the actions of the delayed transaction and those affecting other transactions. Some researchers have investigated the nature of timedependent rules [2, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15], while with the introduction of temporal databases, other researchers have investigated the accommodation of active rules in temporal databases [3, 4, 5, 6, 13, 16, 18] However, to date, no research has investigated whether the accommodation of active rules into temporal databases is able to ....

Motakis, I. and Zaniolo, C. Composite temporal events in active databases rules: a logic-oriented approach. In Proc. Fourth International Conference on Deductive and Object-Oriented Databases, DOOD'95, 19-37. Springer-Verlag, 1995.

....of conflicting actions) but irrelevant to others. Priorities may also be assigned to events, rather than rules, with rules triggered by higher priority events being executed first. Section 3 IMPLEMENTATION 3.1. Event detection. Many different approaches have been used for event detection [MZ95]. Ode, for instance, uses a set of finite state automata whose state transitions are tied to primitive event occurrences, but are also enhanced by the ability to examine attributes and compute transition relations. Unfortunately, the number of automata and states required may increase rapidly with ....

I. Motakis, C. Zaniolo, "Composite temporal events in active database rules: a logic-oriented approach," in Deductive and Object-Oriented Databases, 4th International Conference DOOD '95, Singapore, pp. 19-37. Springer, LNCS 1013 (1995).

....states when a particular sequence of actions is executed. This function is implementation independent. As we demonstrate later in the paper, the separation of the event definition from the active rule allows us to specify more complex events that the ones in [18] although not the full class of [29]) An important aspect of our language is that it can be easily extended to incorporate additional features such as concurrent actions [3] and deductive rules [26, 2, 27] using previous results from action description languages. Furthermore, there are straightforward translations of active ....

I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo. Composite temporal events in active database rules: A logic oriented approach. In Deductive and Object Oriented Databases (DOOD), 1995.

....summarizing, the formalization of the event history and the corresponding broker semantics allows to reason about the semantics of event driven workflow execution based on reactive components. 5 Related Work The semantics of composite events in non distributed active DBMS have been described in [2, 4, 5, 12]. The semantics of composite events in distributed systems in general and distributed DBMS in particular have been discussed in [9] 13] proposes a general application independent framework for the detection of composite events in distributed systems. Event histories have also been used to ....

I. Motakis, C. Zaniolo. Composite Temporal Events in Active Database Rules: A Logic-Oriented Approach. Proc. 4 th Intl. Conf. on Deductive and Object-Oriented Databases, Singapore, December 1995.

....states when a particular sequence of actions is executed. This function is implementation independent. As we demonstrate later in the paper, the separation of the event definition from the active rule allows us to specify more complex events that the ones in [18] although not the full class of [29]) An important aspect of our language is that it can be easily extended to incorporate additional features such as concurrent actions [3] and deductive rules [26, 2, 27] using previous results from action description languages. Furthermore, there are straightforward translations of active ....

I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo. Composite temporal events in active database rules: A logic oriented approach. In Deductive and Object Oriented Databases (DOOD), 1995.

....for defining the semantics of such languages, and a useful tool for comparing their constructs and their expressive power. Because of space limitations, explicit time events are not discussed in this paper. However, these can also be incorporated in our method using the ap proach discussed in [15]. 2 The EPL Language In the rule based syntax of EPL, sequences of goals specify sequences of events; each goal can correspond to either (i) a basic event, or (it) a (possibly negated) basic event qualified by condition predicates, or (iii) a composite. event constructed using sequences, ....

....how this can be incorporated in our method. For SAMOS, we give a very detailed example of how we can formally define the execution semantics of Petri Nets, which have been used for its implementation. For an extended treatment of Snoop and its parameter contexts, the reader is referred to [15]. 4.1 Parameter Contexts The parameters contezts introduced in Snoop can be used to detect and compute the parameters of composite events in different ways, and thus, they can be very useful in precisely matching the semantics of a wide range of applications 3The definition of disjunction in ....

I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo. Composite Temporal Events in Active Database Rules: A Logic-Oriented Approach. submitted for publication.

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I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo. Composite Temporal Events in Active Database Rules: A Logic-Oriented Approach. In Proceedings of the 4th Intl. Conference on Deductive and Object-Oriented Databases, 1995.

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I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo. Composite Temporal Events in Active Database Rules: A LogicOriented Approach. In Proceedings of the 4th Intl. Conference on Deductive and ObjectOriented Databases, pages 19--37, 1995.

....every time an ibm tick event occurs, this tuple must be retrieved and updated accordingly. Because of space limitations, we do not discuss this approach any further. 5 Semantics of TREPL In this section we present the semantics of TREPL, employing the same method we used for its predecessor EPL [23, 22]. First, we introduce the basic concepts, then we focus on derived events and aggregation within star sequences. For more details and examples about the formalization of event histories and the semantics of the other TREPL constructs, the reader is referred to [22] 5.1 Event Histories In order ....

....used for its predecessor EPL [23, 22] First, we introduce the basic concepts, then we focus on derived events and aggregation within star sequences. For more details and examples about the formalization of event histories and the semantics of the other TREPL constructs, the reader is referred to [22]. 5.1 Event Histories In order to define the semantics of TREPL expressions, we need to introduce the notion of event histories, against which the TREPL expressions are evaluated. Our starting point is the event tables that log the occurrences of the various basic events. According to the ....

I. Motakis and C. Zaniolo. Composite Temporal Events in Active Database Rules: A Logic-Oriented Approach. In Proceedings of the 4th Intl. Conference on Deductive and Object-Oriented Databases, 1995.

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