| Giacomo Rizzolatti and Michael A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends in Neuroscience, 21(5):188--194, 1998. |
....hypothesized . Certain experiments indicated consistent firings in a mirror neuron either when an action was performed by a subject or when another individual was perceived performing the same action. In addition, imitation has also been suggested as a possible basis for language learning [164]. These results have spurred applied efforts in imitative approaches to robotics by Mataric [123] Brooks [31] etc. where imitation has gained visibility and complemented reinforcement learning [107] Further arguments for imitation based learning include improved acquisition of complex visual ....
G. Rizzolatti and M.A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends Neurosci., 21:188--94, 1998.
....that activate both when grasping an object and when fixating the same object. Other neurons in the same area activate when grasping an object or when watching someone else manipulating that object. This mirror representation may be important for mimicry behaviors [6] and perhaps even language [19]. Another important class of neurons in premotor cortex is found in area F4 [7] While F5 is more concerned with the distal muscles (i.e. the hand) F4 controls more proximal muscles (i.e. reaching) A subset of neurons in F4 exhibit a joint somatosensory, visual, and motor receptive field. The ....
G. Rizzolatti and M. A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends in Neurosciences, 21:188--194, 1998.
....human brain. These neurons probably represent a mechanism that matches observed events to internally generated actions. They may provide a way for coding a motor vocabulary. Words correspond to the motor repertoire and could also be the basis of the mechanism of action imitation and understanding [12]. Section 2 describes the basic imitation behaviour and how the robot learns and creates the initial motor vocabulary. Section 3 shows how to use this motor vocabulary for building topological maps and Section 4 explains how optical flow in omnidirectional images is used for defining a reactive ....
G. Rizzolatti and M. A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends in Neurosciences, 21(5):188--194, 1998.
....The first issue is quite an important and old one: How does language affect, and how is it affected by, other cognitive and behavioral abilities Various language origin theories stress the importance of pre existing sensorimotor knowledge for effective evolution of linguistic skills. For example, Rizzolatti and Arbib (1998) proposed a motor theory of language evolution based on imitation skills. Steels (2000) showed how his robotics models of language evolution support this theory. In Cangelosi and Parisi s (1998) ALNN model, they showed how language evolution relies on the evolution of basic cognitive abilities ....
Rizzolatti, G. & Arbib, M. (1998). Language within our grasp. Trends in Neuroscience, 21, 188-194.
....brain imaging experiments seem to have con rmed the existence of a similar human schematic matching system [3] located in and around these areas. Consequently it has been suggested that mirror systems originally involved in goal directed gestural actions may be involved in language processing [5]. Inspired by this work we investigate the properties of a mirror system relevant to a context free grammar acquisition task that would be dicult to learn for a conventional arti cial neural network (ANN) We highlight some advantages of applying a mirror system to the acquisition task. ....
Giacomo Rizzolatti and Michael A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends in the Neurosciences, 21:188-194, 1998.
.... true imitation is thought to be a complex mechanism, since it is found in very few species, while mimicry is more common [17] We have proposed a model of imitation [14, 9] based on evolutionarily older substrates including motor primitives as the basis for motor control and the mirror system [8, 19, 20] as the basis for a direct sensorymotor mapping for mimicry. Our other work [14, 9, 4, 23, 1] is aimed at developing and implementing this model on a variety of synthetic humanoid platforms, in order to validate the model on real world tasks. In this paper, we focus on a set of psychophysical ....
Rizzolatti, G. & Arbib, M.: `Language within our grasp', Trends in Neuroscience, 1998.
....between the ungrounded imaginary world governed by language and the one grounded to the reality through behaviors. 4. 3 Perspectives We consider that the model proposed in this paper is general enough to support other inter modality functions such as the ones discussed in the mirror neuron studies[7, 14]. The context binding scheme proposed in our model can naturally explain spatio temporal correspondences between a subject s observation of others and his her imitating behavior of those. 5 Conclusion The current paper introduced a novel general connectionist model which can learn to achieve ....
G. Rizzolatti and M.A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends in Neuroscience 21, 1998.
.... other abilities, e.g. see the discussion of mirror neurons in monkey brain area F5 (which re both when particular a ordances are used in action by the animal or observed being used in actions of others) which is homologous to Broca s area in human for a proposed model of human language evolution (Rizzolatti and Arbib (1998); Arbib (to appear) The degree to which communicative systems are innate, subject to developmental variation and learning, and whether their learned aspects are mainly acquired via individual or social learning are often topics of heated debate. Of course, the degree to which and which aspects ....
G. Rizzolatti and M. A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends in Neurosciences, 21(5):188-194, 1998.
.... 37, 20] Neurons endowed with these properties are referred to as mirror neurons [53] The interpretation of mirror neurons is that they might be responsible for matching the neural command for an action with the neural code for the recognition of the same action executed by another primate [39, 53, 52]. Research on the mirror system is still in its early stages. So far mirror neurons have been observed only for reaching and grasping actions. It remains to be shown that mirror neurons exist for other movements than that of the arms and the hands and that they exist in animals capable of true ....
....modules whose neurons fire when a specific limb actions (in M1) or combination of these (in PM) is observed or performed. The area F5 in the monkey, in which the mirror neurons have been observed, is located within the premotor cortex, which might correspond to Broca s area in area 6 of humans [52]. In our model, the same PM neurons get activated by both the observation and production of the same movements. For this reason, the PM module gives a high level (functional rather than neurological) representation of mirror neurons. Note that our model assumes that mirror neurons exist for all ....
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G. Rizzolati and M. A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends Neurosciences, 21:188--194, 1998.
.... So called true imitation is thought to be a complex mechanism as it is found in very few species, while mimicry is more common [12] We have proposed a model of imitation, based on evolutionarily older substrates including motor primitives as the basis for motor control and the mirror system [4, 14, 15] as the basis for a direct sensory motor mapping for mimicry. Our other work [9, 18, 1, 8] is aimed at developing and implementing this model on a variety of synthetic humanoid platforms, in order to validate the model on real world tasks. In this paper, we focus on a set of psychophysical ....
Rizzolatti, G. & Arbib, M.: `Language within our grasp', Trends in Neuroscience.(1998)
....nonspeech mouth movements, make rhythmic judgments, or perform complex sequences with the hand and fingers. In fact, Broca s area is active when the subject merely observes such movements by another human being, or reacts to static objects (e.g. tools) that are associated with specific movements (Rizzolatti Arbib, 1998). In other words, language areas are overlaid on regions that continue to mediate the basic sensorimotor skills for which the mammalian nervous system has evolved. These areas may work for language now, but they have kept their day jobs. Do these data force the conclusion that the brain is ....
Rizzolatti, G., & Arbib, M.A. (1998). Language within our grasp. Trends in Neurosciences, 21(5), 188-194.
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Rizzolatti, G., & Arbib, M. A. (1998). Language within our grasp. Trends in Neurosc86G) , 21, 188--194.
.... our insight that data on the anatomy and physiology of the macaque monkey and the imaging of adult humans can contribute together to an integrated view of what might otherwise seem quite disparate behaviors: visually guided grasping, imitation, and language (Arbib, 2000; Iacoboni et al. 1999; Rizzolatti Arbib, 1998). Data on the mirror system (neural circuitry which allows Neural Networks 13 (2000) 975 997 PERGAMON Neural Networks 0893 6080 00 see front matter # 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. PII: S0893 6080(00)00070 8 www.elsevier.com locate neunet Corresponding author. Address: USC ....
....up the object. A range of congruence (the degree of strictness of the match between the action observed and the executed action) is found in mirror neurons. The most congruent responses require the observed action and the executed action to use the same grasp type. Fogassi, Gallese, Fadiga, and Rizzolatti (1998) find that F5 is not the only area that has mirror neurons. The rostral part of the inferior parietal lobule of the macaque monkey (area 7b or PF) also has neurons with similar mirror properties. Recent human PET studies indicate that a similar mirror neuron system exists in the human brain. ....
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Rizzolatti, G., & Arbib, M. (1998). Language within our grasp. Trends in Neuroscience, 21, 188--194.
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Giacomo Rizzolatti and Michael A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends in Neuroscience, 21(5):188--194, 1998.
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Rizzolatti, G. and M. Arbib (1998) Language within our grasp. Trends Neuroscience. 21:188-194.
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G. Rizzolatti and M. Arbib, "Language Within our Grasp", Trends in Neurosciences Vol. 21, pp. 188-194. 1998
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Giacomo Rizzolatti and Michael A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends in Neuroscience, 21:188--194, 1998.
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G. Rizzolatti and M. Arbib "Language within our grasp", Trends in Neuroscience, Vol. 21, No. 5, 1998, pp. 188-194.
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Giacomo Rizzolatti and Michael A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends in Neuroscience, 21:188--194, 1998.
No context found.
Rizzolatti G. & Arbib, M. Language within our grasp. Trends in Neuroscience, 1998; 21: 188-194.
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G. Rizzolatti and M. A. Arbib, "Language within our grasp," Trends Neurosci., vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 188--194, 1998.
No context found.
G. Rizzolatti and M. A. Arbib, "Language within our grasp," Trends in Neurosciences, vol. 21, pp. 188-194, 1998.
No context found.
G. Rizzolatti and M.A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends Neurosci., 21:188--94, 1998.
No context found.
G. Rizzolatti and M. A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends in Neuroscience, 1998.
No context found.
G. Rizzolatti and M. A. Arbib. Language within our grasp. Trends in Neurosciences, 21:188--194, 1998.
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