J. E. White. Telescript technology: Mobile agents. General Magic White Paper, 1996. 8  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....their syntax, typing, and informal semantics, rst in a concurrent but local setting (Section 2) and nally in a distributed setting (Section 3) Starting from Objective Caml. High level distributed programming mostly relies on scripting languages (Agent Tcl [11] TACOMA [14] Telescript [29]) Such languages are often specialized for some speci c task or architecture, and may o er poor performances for other operations, typically relegated to external calls in other languages. Besides, for the sake of exibility, these languages don t provide much structure, such as modules, ....

J. White. Telescript technology: Mobile agents. In Software Agents. J. Bradshaw, editor, AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1996.

....let the user create an initial amount of the new energy and register it with the current group. Once registered, this new energy will be managed entirely by the group according to the user s split descriptors. 5 Related Work A number of existing systems support resources accounting. Telescript [15] featured clicks that are a unit of charge deducted from an agent s account. JRes and JKernel [2] support accounting of memory, CPU and network usage. Nomads [13] through a modified JVM, supports strong migration of agents and resource accounting; in particular, a limit file is able to specify ....

James E. White. Telescript technology: Mobile agents. In Jeffrey Bradshaw, editor, Software Agents. AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1996. 16

....(zip compressed) 7 Related Work Mobile agents are active programs, which can travel between locations, i.e. agent platforms or runtime systems running on different computers. Many mobile agent systems have been released over the last few years, for example, Aglets [9] Mole [17] Telescript [20], and Voyager [11] To our knowledge, none can extend and adapt their functions to the requirements of their visiting agents and changes in the environment while running, whereas ours can. Although mobile agents need to be used in heterogeneous environments, for example, mobile computers, ....

J. E. White, "Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents", General Magic, 1995.

....Moreover, it is not inherently designed for mobility. Therefore, it is very difficult for a group of JavaBean objects in the containment hierarchy to migrate to another computer. A number of other mobile agent systems have been released recently, for example Aglets [9] Mole [3] Telescript [16], and Voyager [11] However, these agent systems unfortunately lack a mechanism for structurally assembling more than one mobile agent, unlike component technologies. This is because each mobile agent is basically designed as an isolated entity that migrates independently. Some of them offer ....

J. E. White, Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents, General Magic, 1995.

....artificial intelligence research communities. In the distributed system community the term mobile agent is used to denote a software component that is able to move between different execution environments. This definition has actually different interpretations. For example, while in Telescript [19] an agent is represented by a thread that can migrate among different nodes carrying its execution state, in TACOMA [17] agents are just code fragments associated with initialization data that can be shipped to a remote host. They do not have the ability to migrate once they have started their ....

....management by copy can be exploited to provide the new EU with a resource present within the source CE cabinet. In version 1.2, the system has been extended to support a number of interpreted languages, namely Python, Scheme, Perl, and C. 3. 12 Telescript Developed by General Magic, Telescript [19] is an objectoriented language conceived for the development of large distributed applications. Security has been one of the driving factors in the language design, together with a focus on strong mobility. Telescript employs an intermediate, portable language called Low Telescript, which is the ....

# J.E. White, "Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents," Software Agents, J. Bradshaw, ed. AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1996.

....providing a mobile agent with node resources. Mobile agents are allowed to travel from one node to another node. A mobile agent migrates to the node where the service is being provided, and then returns to its starting point, namely the home node, after obtaining a service offered remotely [23]. One of the major potential application areas for mobile agents is distributed information retrieval, which involves access to a huge amount of data across a network [12, 20, 19, 21] In conventional distributed computing, the distributed information retrieval process is carried out through a ....

J. White. Telescript technology: Mobile agents. MIT press, 1997.

....to intervene prior to or at the time of migration. These approaches have the following classifications: User decision (explicit) The most common approach. Systems expect the user to specify explicitly when the process has to move. Systems that fall into this category, such as Telescript[11], Agent Tcl[8] TACOMA[12] provide the user with a move command (go for Telescript, Agent jump for Agent Tcl and meet for TACOMA) The user has to decide when and where the agent has to go and initiate the migration. Major drawback with this approach is that it fails to support dynamic ....

J. White. Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents, 1996. http://www.genmagic.com- /Telescript/Whitepapers.

....Mobile Agent systems. Many of the papers evaluated during the research phase of this project refer to Mobile Agents; this is because it is an interesting area that is receiving a fair amount of attention from the research community. Some of the more popular Mobile Agent systems are Telescript [White1996], AgentTcl [Gray1997] Aglets [IBM1996] Concordia [Walsh,Paciorek Wong1998] and Ajanta [Tripathi2000] The author would advise readers who are interested in Mobile Agents to begin by consult [Chess1994] before reading about some of the Mobile Agent systems that are currently available. In ....

....could compile the agent indirectly by making use of a host specific program or script. Remote Language Interpretation is far more complex than the concept of Remote Compilation . It involves implementing an interpreter to run the mobile code. This is the concept used in the Telescript system [White1996]. Remote Language Interpretation is a system that can be written in C , it is not a standard C interface that can be used for Remote Evaluation; the concept will not be discussed in this paper. Security There are no network security mechanisms built directly into the C language, but it ....

J. E. White. "Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents". Appeared in: Software Agents. AAAI/MIT Press. 1996.

....let the user create an initial amount of the new energy and register it with the current group. Once registered, this new energy will be managed entirely by the group according to the user s split descriptors. 5 Related Work A number of existing systems support resources accounting. Telescript [15] featured clicks that are a unit of charge deducted from an agent s account. JRes and JKernel [2] support accounting of memory, CPU and network usage. Nomads [13] through a modified JVM, supports strong migration of agents and resource accounting; in particular, a limit file is able to specify ....

James E. White. Telescript technology: Mobile agents. In Jeffrey Bradshaw, editor, Software Agents. AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1996. 15

....available systems because it enables any existing web server that supports the servlet specification to send and receive agents in a straightforward way. 1 Introduction Mobile agents are small threads of execution that are able to migrate from machine to machine, performing operations locally [1]. One very interesting application area for mobile agents is internet computing. Mobile agents provide a very attractive paradigm for this area. The agents can be launched from a machine, navigate from web site to web site, collecting information or performing transactions, finally returning home ....

J. White, "Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents", General Magic Whitepaper, in Software Agents, AAAI/MIT Press, 1996.

....mechanisms of the framework correctly running and integrated with the security architecture of the server. Keywords: Mobile agents, Web agents, Components 1 Introduction Mobile agents are small threads of execution that are able to migrate from machine to machine, performing operations locally [1]. One very interesting application area for mobile agents is internet computing. Mobile agents provide a very attractive paradigm for this area. The agents can be launched from a machine, navigate from web site to web site, collecting information or performing transactions, finally returning home ....

J. White, "Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents", General Magic Whitepaper, in Software Agents, AAAI/MIT Press, 1996.

....of code mobility is represented by the mobile agent paradigm. In this case, mobile components can explicitly relocate themselves across the network, usually preserving their execution state (or part thereof) across migrations. Examples of systems supporting this type of mobility are Telescript [17] and D Agents [8] Past research on mobile code security has mainly focused on code on demand and remote evaluation [6] These forms of mobility are easier to deal with because they encompass a single interaction in the transfer of a code component. Some of the results achieved in these areas ....

J.E. White. Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents. In J. Bradshaw, editor, Software Agents. AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1996.

....Moreover, it is not inherently designed for mobility. Therefore, it is very difficult for a group of JavaBean objects in the containment hierarchy to migrate to another computer. A number of other mobile agent systems have been released recently, for example Aglets [9] Mole [3] Telescript [20], and Voyager [10] However, these agent systems unfortunately lack a mechanism for structurally assembling multiple mobile agents, unlike migration Computer A (source) Computer B (destination) Window Manager (Container Component) Editor Window (Inner Component) Clock Window (Inner ....

J. E. White, "Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents", General Magic, 1995.

....can handle the change of environment of various abstractions. 3) LEAD has asynchronous events mechanism which informs applications of the state change of runtime environments. 4) LEAD can evolve from applications which describe in other languages into adaptable applications. Java [3] Telescript [9], etc, support mobile code. The programmers of applications based on them do not consider the environment which the applications are executed. Thus, there is potentiality that their applications do not work well on the other hosts. For example, we implement the application which needs large ....

James E White. Telescript Technology -- Mobile Agents,

....price as the result of a utility maximization problem [15] We are not the first to research the possibility of using market based control for mobile agent systems. Telescript supported a system where agents carried permits whose strength diminished over times and as they moved around the network [18]. The weakening of permits approximates currency exchange. The Geneva Messengers mobile agent system includes support for agents to buy CPU priority, memory, and network access [17] Neither system, however, explores how agents should plan in market based environments. POPCORN is a market based ....

J. E. White. Telescript technology: Mobile agents. General Magic White Paper, 1996. 8

....programs that can travel from computer to computer under their own control. They can provide a convenient, efficient, and robust framework for implementing distributed applications including mobile applications. Several mobile agent systems have been released over the last few years (for example [6, 7, 12, 13]) Mobile agents have been used in the development of various networked applications. These applications often need to dynamically customize facilities provided by mobile agent systems, for example execution and migration of agents. For example, a mobile agent for electronic commerce needs to be ....

....an adaptive mobile agent system. Section 4 describes the current implementation status and Section 5 surveys related work and Section 6 gives some concluding remarks. 2 Background A lot of mobile agent systems have been released nowadays, for example see Aglets [6] Mole [12] Telescript [13], and Voyager [7] However, to our knowledge, no existing mobile agent systems can extend and change their own functions, unlike ours. In the literature on extensible operating systems and meta level architecture, several researchers have explored frameworks to change the behavior of operating ....

J. E. White, Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents, General Magic, 1995. 8

....for agent migration (Section 5) show some real world examples of the framework, and make some conclusions and describe research directions for developing new protocols. 2 Background Many mobile agent systems have been developed over the last few years, for example, Aglets [10] Telescript [16], and Voyager [11] To my knowledge, none can dynamically extend and adapt their network processing for agent migration to the characteristics of current networks and the requirements of respective visiting agents, although mobile agents must be used in heterogeneous and dynamic network ....

J. E. White, "Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents", General Magic, 1995.

....in sockets, Jini or CORBA communications and delegate the message to the appropriate agent. That means that one can also view a fully featured MadKit platform itself as a multi agent system ( gure 6) A detailed example: migration control Contrary to other major mobile agent framework ([21], 12] MadKit does not include mobility in the kernel. These task are assured by optional, specialized agents, and are expressed in the agent group role model. We de ne a group related to mobility, called Mobile AgentsGroup, which contains the agents potentially mobile, and the req freeze ....

J. E. White. Telescript technology: Mobile agents. In J. Bradshaw, editor, Software Agents. AAAI Press/MIT Press, Menlo Park, Cal., 1996.

....migration is especially important since it allows the programmer to write mobile applications in the same way as writing ordinary non mobile applications. It substantially supports the mobile application programmer to understand program behavior. Early mobile language systems such as Telescript [8] and Agent Tcl [7] had a mechanism of transparent migration. Transparent migration, however, is not adopted in major Java based mobile language systems (e.g. IBM Aglets [9] and Voyager [12] though Java has been very popular among people who are interested in mobile computation. There is a ....

....are quite different each other. In case of JavaGo, the size of transformed bytecode is proportional to square of the deepest depth of loops. In contrast, the size of bytecode transformed by our transformation scheme is proportional to the number of suspended points. 7 Related Work Telescript [8] was an early interpreted programming language for mobile agents developed by General Magic Inc. The Telescript interpreter had a mechanism for transparent migration. Unfortunately, General Magic does not seem to develop Telescript anymore. Agent Tcl [7] was also a mobile language system developed ....

White J.E. Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents. White Paper. General Magic, Inc, 1996.

....its structure. 3.5 Component Mobility One of the key features of our architecture is the ability to move components between hosts. Code mobility has received a great deal of attention in the research community. Several recent languages support various avors of code mobility, such as Telescript [20], Obliq [2] and Sumatra [1] Related to the work on code mobility, several systems use the term mobile agent, sometimes with di erent interpretations. For example, while in Telescript an agent is represented by a thread that can migrate among di erent nodes carrying its execution state, in TACOMA ....

J.E. White. Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents. Software Agents, J. Bradshaw, ed. AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1996.

....systems. Sponsors were assigned to processes to support their computations. This idea was later incorporated in an actor language, Acore. Sponsor actors accompanied computation requests, and they carried ticks that could be used in processing a request. Using a similar scheme, in Telescript [79], processes were awarded funds in a currency ( teleticks ) which they were supposed to use to accomplish their results. Quantum [56] uses a similar idea where computations require energy to execute; energy is used as a transferable currency to access computational resources. 3. Task Migration on ....

....instead of constructed and component boundaries enforced careful design of what is serialized, particularly useful for application development. 5. 4 Related Work There is much related work on mobile agents and on security, Telescript provided seminal treatment of security and resource management [79]. Other examples include: Tacoma addresses security and fault tolerance [38] Ara addresses security and resource management by modifying the 25 JVM [62] Agent Tcl provides some basic security support [28, 44] the Mole project [9] and Concordia addresses security together with persistence. M0 ....

J. White, "Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents," in Bradshaw, J., Software Agents, AAAI/MIT Press, 1996.

....a mobile agent as: a software agent that is able to autonomously migrate from one host to another in a computer network. The notion of a mobile agent was rst established in 1994 with the release of a white paper by White [33] that described a computational environment known as Telescript [34]. In this environment, executing programs were able to transport themselves from one node to another in a computer network, in order to interact locally with resources at those nodes. Telescript was never a commercial success, but it did generate a lot of academic interest. Since that time, this ....

White, J.E.: Telescript TEchnology: Mobile Agents. In: Bradshaw, J. (ed): Software Agents. AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1996

....their contents dynamically, we adopt the latter approach. We introduced a mobile agent mechanism in DesignersAmplifier and provided ontology collecting agent. 5.3. 1 A mobile agent mechanism Agents and their information environments or places are basic components of mobile agent architecture (White 1996)(Rothrmel and Popescu Zeletin 1997) An agent works with information on information environment where it resides or with communication with other agents. There can be multiple environments so those agents can move from one environment to another. In D AMP, an environment corresponds to a personal ....

White (1996) J.M. White. Telescript technology: Mobile agents. General Magic White Paper, 1996. http://www.genmagic.com/agents/Whitepaper/whitepaper.

....Messengers project [25] applies market ideas to allocate CPU usage and memory to visiting ########### lightweight mobile programs implemented in a Postscript like language. Host sites heuristically set prices by examining the amount of resources requested by the present messengers. Telescript [27] supports a fault tolerance and security measure where agents carry permits to access speci c resources. A permit s power diminishes over an agent s lifetime, thus limiting the agent s lifetime. A permit for one resource is not easily converted to a permit for resource. A more general policy ....

J. E. White. Telescript technology: Mobile agents. General Magic White Paper, 1996. 40

....localization. For security reasons, data stored on some hosts might not be accessible from the outside. Only users of authorized mobile agents can access and process such localized information remotely. Our architecture of mobile agents is based on the design principles of Telescript technology [15]. Here, agents are implemented as migrate able programs that are interpreted in particular places. Places can perform the following: Places can identify visiting agents using their authorities. Places can communicate with visiting agents and supply information service. Places can give ....

Jim White. Telescript technology: Mobile agents. In Jeffrey M. Bradshaw, editor, Software Agents. AAAI Press, 1996. This article was processed using the L a T E X macro package with LLNCS style

....case, the executing unit is stopped and its code and execution state are marshaled into a message that is sent to the remote site. The destination site restarts the unit from the statement that follows the invocation of the migration primitive. Examples of strongly mobile languages are Telescript [30] and Agent Tcl [12] A survey of several mobile code languages and systems can be found in [10] 138 Giovanni Vigna While the mobile code approach to designing and implementing distributed applications provides a greater degree of flexibility and customizability with respect to the traditional ....

J.E. White. Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents. In J. Bradshaw, editor, Software Agents. AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1996.

....artificial intelligence researchcommunities. In the distributed system community the term mobile agent is used to denote a software componentthat is able to movebetween different execution environments. This definition has actually different interpretations. For example, while in Telescript [19] an agent is represented by a thread that can migrate among different nodes carrying its execution state, in TACOMA [17] agents are just code fragments associated with initialization data that can be shipped to a remote host. They do not havetheability to migrate once they have started their ....

....management by copycanbe exploited to provide the new EU with a resource present within the source CE cabinet. In version 1.2, the system has been extended to support a number of interpreted languages, namely Python, Scheme, Perl, and C. C. 12 Telescript Developed by General Magic, Telescript [19] is an objectoriented language conceived for the development of large distributed applications. Security has been one of the driving factors in the language design, together with a focus on strong mobility. Telescript employs an intermediate, portable language called Low Telescript, which is the ....

J.E. White, "Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents," in SoftwareAgents, J. Bradshaw, Ed. AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1996.

....this model by including mobile processes, i.e. processes which can autonomously migrate to new hosts. Numerous bene ts are expected; they include dynamic customization both at servers and at clients, as well as robust remote interaction over unreliable networks and intermittent connections [5,11,17]. Despite its many practical bene ts, mobile agent technology results in signi cant new security threats from malicious agents and hosts. In fact, security issues are recognized as critical to the acceptability of distributed systems based on mobile agents. The primary added complication is that, ....

....normal result of di erent (but possible) information on the remote host. However, alterations that would cause the agent to become harmful either to sites it visits later or else to the user who dispatched it can frequently be detected. Our work contrasts with other work on mobile agent security [12 14,16,17] because it focuses on the state information that agents carry with them. We also explain the relationship between state appraisal, authentication, and authorization. We emphasize agents written by known software developers, which we think will be the predominant way of using software agents; most ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

J. E. White. Telescript technology: Mobile agents. In General Magic White Paper, 1996. Will appear as a chapter of the book Software Agents, Jerey Bradshaw (ed.), AAAI Press/The MIT Press, Menlo Park, CA. 13

....(intranet or Internet) Compared to mobile objects, mobile agents also represent someone; they can perform autonomous actions on behalf of a user or another agent. A number of academic systems (such as Agent Tcl [20] Mole [4] Ara [27] and Tacoma [18] and industrial systems (such as Telescript [34], Aglets [1] Concordia [9] and Voyager [33] exist. The products using mobile agents have started to appear, such as Guideware [16] The government is interested in funding work on agents [11] A patent has been approved on mobile agents [35] A standard has been adopted (OMG MASIF [26] and ....

.... and operating systems [17] It is based on the concept of a distributed shared object whose state can be physically distributed and that encapsulates implementation aspects (communication, replication, and migration) Telescript is the first commercial implementation of the mobile agent concept [34]. Recently, it was discontinued and re implemented in Java, under the name Odyssey. AgentTcl is a mobile agent system implemented in the Tcl language [20] It has two components: a special Tcl interpreter that executes the Tcl agents, and a server that runs on each machine to which agents can be ....

White, J., "Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents", General Magic White Paper (http://www.genmagic.com/ Telescript/Whitepapers/wp4/whitepaper-4.html).

....mechanisms that are exploited locally, i.e. to get access to the server or to communicate with the agents that are co located on the same site. Many mobile agent systems provide mechanisms for local communication, either using some sort of meeting abstraction as initially proposed by Telescript [22], event notification for group communication [2, 13] or, more recently, tuple spaces [5, 20] murphy.tex; 29 02 2000; 10:58; p.3 4 A.L. Murphy and G.P. Picco Nevertheless, there are several common scenarios which exploit communication with or among remote agents, some of which are related to ....

J.E. White. Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents. In [4]. murphy.tex; 29/02/2000; 10:58; p.23 murphy.tex; 29/02/2000; 10:58; p.24

....is that they can freely overlap. ffl A group can be founded by any agent, and an agent must request its admission to an existing group. ffl A group may be local or distributed among distant machines. We will take as an example (gure 2) the classical application of travel assistance agents [20]. In our example, we will suppose that it is composed of agents involved in a specic contract net protocol (to nd the best ooeer for its user) with bidder agents (for travel assistant) communicating in KQML [5] with agents associated to databases. In our model, the ibidderj agent is part of both ....

James E. White. Telescript technology: Mobile agents. In Jeoerey Bradshaw, editor, Software Agents. AAAI Press/MIT Press, Menlo Park, Cal., 1996. Also available as General Magic White Paper. 15

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J. E. White. Telescript technology: Mobile agents. General Magic White Paper, 1996.

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J.E. White. Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents. White paper, General Magic, 1996.

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J. E. White, "Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents", General Magic, 1995.

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White, J. E. (1995). Telescript Technology: Mobile Agents (White Paper). General Magic.

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