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by Barbara Kaup, Rolf A. Zwaan, R. A. Zwaan
http://freud.psy.fsu.edu/~zwaan/colorcog.pdf
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Abstract:
Two experiments examined the impact of different kinds of representations on the accessibility of negated text information. Participants read narratives containing a color term that was mentioned either within the scope of an explicit negative or not, and with the described situation being such that the corresponding color was either present or not. Accessibility of the color term was measured by means of a probe-recognition task either 500 ms (Experiment 1) or 1500 ms (Experiment 2) after participants had read the sentence mentioning the color term. After the 500 ms delay, the accessibility of the color term was influenced mainly by the structure of the sentence. After a 1500 ms delay, the accessibility was influenced only by the content of the described situation. These results are consistent with the view that comprehenders construct two kinds of representations, a linguistic representation of the text and a situation model in which only those properties are represented that are present in the described situation. An alternative account, according to which comprehenders only construct a perceptual simulation of the referent situation will be discussed.
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