(703)-883-6685 This paper is a survey of the current machine translation research in the US, Europe and Japan. A short history of machine translation is presented first, followed by an overview of the current research work. Representative examples of a wide range of different approaches adopted by machine translation researchers are presented. These are described in detail along with a discussion of the practicalities of scaling up these approaches for operational environments. In support of this discussion, issues in, and techniques for, evaluating machine translation systems are addressed. 1
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954
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Case-based reasoning
– Kolodner
- 1993
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454
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Statistical Language Learning
– Charniak
- 1996
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421
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Lexical-Functional Grammar: A Formal System for Grammatical Representation
– Kaplan, Bresnan
- 1982
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410
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A statistical approach to machine translation
– Brown, Cocke, et al.
- 1990
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370
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Semantic Structures
– Jackendoff
- 1990
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367
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Assessing agreement on classifica-tion tasks: the kappa statistic
– Carletta
- 1996
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340
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Building Large Knowledge-Based Systems
– Lenat, Guha
- 1989
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319
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Semantics and Cognition
– Jackendoff
- 1983
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223
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An Introduction to Machine Translation
– Hutchins, Somers
- 1992
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198
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Knowledge of language: Its nature, origin, and use
– Chomsky
- 1986
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135
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Machine Translation: A View from the Lexicon
– Dorr
- 1993
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127
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Aligning sentences in parallel corpora
– Brown, Lai, et al.
- 1991
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108
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From Grammar to Lexicon: Unsupervised Learning of Lexical Syntax
– Brent
- 1993
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81
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Machine translation divergences: a formal description and proposed solution’, Computational Linguistics archive
– Dorr
- 1994
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74
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How much context sensitivity is necessary for characterizing structural descriptions: Tree adjoining grammars
– Joshi
- 1985
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72
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TEAM: An Experiment in the Design of Transportable Natural-Language Interfaces
– Grosz, Appelt, et al.
- 1987
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72
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A situated ontology for practical NLP
– Mahesh, Nirenburg
- 1995
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68
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Building a large knowledge base for machine translation
– Knight, Luk
- 1994
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61
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Translation by Structural Correspondences
– Kaplan, Netter, et al.
- 1989
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58
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1997b, ‘Large-Scale Dictionary Construction for Foreign Language Tutoring and
– Dorr
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52
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A statistical approach to language translation
– Brown, Cocke, et al.
- 1988
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45
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Enjoy the paper: lexical semantics via lexicology
– Briscoe, Copestake, et al.
- 1990
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44
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Three heads are better than one
– Frederking, Nirenburg
- 1994
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40
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Semantic-based Transfer
– Dorna, Emele
- 1996
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38
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Interlingual Machine Translation: a Parameterized Approach
– Dorr
- 1993
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32
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Letting the Cat out of the Bag: Generation for Shake-and-Bake MT
– Brew
- 1992
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31
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Tools and methods for computational linguistics
– Byrd, Calzolari, et al.
- 1987
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29
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Large-Scale Acquisition of LCS-Based Lexicons for Foreign Language Tutoring
– Dorr
- 1997
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29
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Restriction and correspondence-based translation
– Kaplan, Wedekind
- 1993
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28
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Using lexicalized TAGs for machine translation
– Abeillé, Schabes, et al.
- 1990
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27
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The present status of automatic translation of languages
– Bar-Hillel
- 1960
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27
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Automated postediting of documents
– Knight, Chander
- 1994
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26
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Applying Statistical English Language Modeling to Symbolic Machine Translation
– Brown, Frederking
- 1995
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26
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An Example-Based Method for Transfer-Driven Machine Translation. TMI
– Furuse, Iida
- 1992
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26
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Parsing Complex Sentences with Structured Connectionist Networks
– Jain
- 1991
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25
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Solving Thematic Divergences in Machine Translation
– Dorr
- 1990
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25
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Computational Linguistics: an Introduction
– Grishman
- 1986
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24
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From syntactic encodings to thematic roles: Building lexical entries for interlingual MT
– Dorr, Garman, et al.
- 1995
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24
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A Program for Aligning
– Gale, Church
- 1993
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24
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Translation with finite-state devices
– Knight, Al-Onaizan
- 1998
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23
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Constituent Boundary Parsing for Example-Based Machine Translation. Coling
– Furuse, Iida
- 1994
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22
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Tree cover Search Algorithm for Example-Based Translation
– Maruyama, Watanabe
- 1992
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22
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Design of LMT: A Prolog-Based Machine Translation System
– McCord
- 1989
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20
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Using Test Suites in the Evaluation of Machine Translation Systems
– King, Falkedal
- 1990
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18
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Principle-based parsing
– Berwick
- 1991
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18
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Analysis, statistical transfer, and synthesis in machine translation
– Brown, DellaPietra, et al.
- 1992
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18
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Deriving Verbal and Compositional Lexical Aspect for NLP Applications
– Dorr, Olsen
- 1997
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17
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Lexical ambiguity and the role of knowledge representation in lexicon design
– Boguraev, Pustejovsky
- 1990
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17
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A Corpus-Based Statistics-Oriented Transfer and Generation Model for Machine Translation
– Chang, Su
- 1993
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17
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Machine Translation of Spatial Expressions: Defining the Relation between an Interlingua and a Knowledge Representation System
– Dorr, Voss
- 1993
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