There has been increased research interest in systems composed of multiple autonomous mobile robots exhibiting cooperative behavior. Groups of mobile robots are constructed, with an aim to studying such issues as group architecture, resource conflict, origin of cooperation, learning, and geometric problems. As yet, few applications of cooperative robotics have been reported, and supporting theory is still in its formative stages. In this paper, we give a critical survey of existing works and discuss open problems in this field, emphasizing the various theoretical issues that arise in the study of cooperative robotics. We describe the intellectual heritages that have guided early research, as well as possible additions to the set of existing motivations. 1
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2171
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A Robust Layered Control System for a Mobile Robot
– Brooks
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1806
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Genetic Programming: On the Programming of Computers by Means of Natural Selection
– Koza
- 1992
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1586
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Robot Motion Planning
– Latombe
- 1991
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1103
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Genetic algorithms in search, optimization, and machine learning
– Goldberg
- 1989
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737
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The contract net protocol: High-level communication and control in a distributed problem solver
– Smith
- 1980
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657
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Intelligence without reason
– Brooks
- 1991
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431
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Some Computer Science Issues in Ubiquitous Computing
– Weiser
- 1993
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418
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Flocks, herds, and schools: A distributed behavioral model
– REYNOLDS
- 1987
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359
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Rules of Encounter: Designing Conventions for Automated Negotiation among Computers
– Rosenschein, Zlotkin
- 1994
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328
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Markov games as a framework for multi-agent reinforcement learning
– Littman
- 1994
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301
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Viewing control structures as patterns of passing messages
– Hewitt
- 1977
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251
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Learning in Embedded Systems
– Kaelbling
- 1993
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198
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Multi-agent reinforcement learning: Independent vs. cooperative agents
– Tan
- 1993
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194
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Online tracking of mobile users
– Awerbuch, Peleg
- 1995
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190
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Learning and sequential decision making
– Barto, Sutton, et al.
- 1989
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141
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On the synthesis of useful social laws for artificial agent societies
– Shoham, Tennenholtz
- 1992
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138
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From local actions to global tasks: Stigmery and collective robotics
– Beckers, Holland, et al.
- 1994
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133
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Reward functions for accelerated learning
– Mataric
- 1994
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132
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The dynamics of collective sorting: Robot-like ants and ant-like robots
– Deneubourg, Goss, et al.
- 1990
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127
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Interaction and intelligent behavior
– Mataric
- 1994
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126
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Learning to coordinate without sharing information
– Sen, Sekaran, et al.
- 1994
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122
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On Multiple Moving Objects
– Erdmann, Lozano-Perez
- 1987
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121
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Designing emergent behaviors: From local interactions to collective intelligence
– Mataric
- 1992
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113
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Cooperation without communication: Multi-agent schema based robot navigation
– Arkin
- 1992
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102
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Deals among Rational Agents
– Rosenschein, Genesereth
- 1985
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101
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Heterogeneous Multi-Robot Cooperation
– Parker
- 1994
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101
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Cooperating between distributed agents through self-organisation
– Steels
- 1990
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89
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Competition, Coevolution and the Game of Tag
– Reynolds
- 1994
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77
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Communication and interaction in multiagent planning
– Georgeff
- 1983
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72
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Cooperative multi-robot box-pushing
– Mataric, Nilsson, et al.
- 1995
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72
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An adaptive communication protocol for cooperating mobile robots
– Yanco, Stein
- 1993
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67
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Minimizing complexity in controlling a mobile robot population
– Mataric
- 1992
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65
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Cooperation without communications
– Genesereth, Ginsberg, et al.
- 1986
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65
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A Universal Modular ACTOR Formalism for Artificial Intelligence
– HEWITT, BISHOP, et al.
- 1973
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65
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Collective Robotics: From Social Insects to Robots. Adaptive Behavior
– Kube, Zhang
- 1993
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64
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Designing control laws for cooperative agent teams
– Parker
- 1993
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63
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Structuring Distributed Algorithms for Mobile Hosts
– Badrinath, Acharya, et al.
- 1994
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60
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Protean behavior in dynamic games: Arguments for the co-evolution of pursuitevasion tactics
– Miller, Cli
- 1994
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57
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A Case Study in the Behavior-Oriented Design of Autonomous Agents
– STEELS
- 1994
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56
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Group Behaviors for Systems with Significant Dynamics
– Brogan, Hodgins
- 1997
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55
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An Evolved, Vision–Based Behavioral Model of Coordinated Group Motion
– Reynolds
- 1993
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54
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Toward a robot architecture integrating cooperation between mobile robots: Application to indoor environment
– Noreils
- 1993
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51
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Communication of behavioral state in multi-agent retrieval tasks
– Arkin, Balch, et al.
- 1993
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48
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Communication and Action in Multi-Agent Planning
– Georgeff
- 1983
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48
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Cooperative positioning with multiple robots
– Kurazume, Nagata, et al.
- 1994
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47
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Dimensions of communication and social organization in multi-agent robotic systems
– Arkin, Hobbs
- 1992
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46
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Nanosystems: Molecular Machinery, Manufacturing and Computation
– Drexler
- 1992
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46
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A complexity analysis of cooperative mechanisms in reinforcement learning
– Whitehead
- 1991
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46
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The Insect Societies
– Wilson
- 1971
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45
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Collective robotic intelligence
– Kube, Zhang
- 1993
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